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Cádiz "La Santa Cueva could be the sanctuary of Astarte"
Astarte (Archaeological Museum Cádiz)
(Diario de Cádiz) Archaeologist Inmaculada Pérez suggested that in this place are the oracle of the Phoenician temple citing classical sources.
According to classical texts collected, about a dozen shrines dedicated to deities and Punic-Phoenician later assimilated by the Roman-Hellenistic culture and extended in ancient times along the coast of Cadiz, from the area of Algeciras and Gibraltar to the mouth of the Guadalquivir in Bonanza.
Professor of Archaeology at the UCA Inmaculada López Pérez described the map of these sanctuaries in the Phoenician-Punic series of lectures on archeology Cadiz in development since last December at the Museo de Cádiz.
Based on his research on classical sources and the archaeological remains associated with these places of worship, trade knowledge and appeared so far, Inmaculada Perez continues his study, the subject of his doctoral thesis, a sea voyage in which, from east to West, places the location of eight temples mentioned by these sources.
Particularly striking is the archaeologist on the fact that "in the Bay of Cadiz are the only sanctuaries Roman sources cited as places for consulting oracles of the entire Iberian Peninsula, which definitely has to do with the close relationship these temples with maritime traffic and trade. oracles would most likely indicate a marine expert sailors whether or not the crossing is proposed and the characteristics of the trip. "
Astarte (Archaeological Museum Cádiz)
Reinforces this view the strategic location of the shrines, "which blazed in and out of dangerous places in the sea crossing, so they were also points of shelter, repair of ships, equipment for the watering and gathering information."
In the group of islands in ancient times made up the Bay of Cadiz "natural agents, Inmaculada Pérez-states have come together to not go away entirely the footprint of these sanctuaries and we recognize its traces in our environment."
One of the most interesting contributions to the study of the archaeologist is the hypothesis that the possible location of the oracle of the goddess Astarte in the Holy Cave. Accurate in this regard that "the findings underwater in Punta del Nao, opposite the Castillo de Santa Catalina, have been related by most researchers to the location of the temple of the Phoenician god, assimilated then to the Roman Venus and Juno in that area. These archaeological remains, which extends dating from the seventh century BC to II, is believed to come from a sunken ship near the sanctuary. I suggest that it was a votive ship that is built to an important nautical ceremony related to the cult of Astarte. This ship was loaded with gifts and liturgical objects, fallen off, it was left to navigate and sometimes wrecked. "
He emphasized that "these findings in the Punta del Nao has suggested that the temple was in this rocky platform, but the classic texts indicate that it was a cave with oracle. I understand that in Phoenician times throughout the small island was a territory sacred and the only cave with religious connotations in Cadiz is what we now call the Holy Cave. Recent studies indicate that the place where today stands the oratory was the entrance to the port in ancient times. "
Inmaculada Perez estimates that the situation in the cave at the foot of the promontory of the plot of the comic, and the findings of this deposit, Canovas del Castillo Street and Broad Street, "both the Egyptian god or priest found years ago, as well appeared in the recent excavation "are data supporting this new hypothesis on the location of the oracle of Astarte in the sacred island dedicated to the Phoenician goddess. Archaeologist notes that "the Holy Cave is the only one that has been Christianized, which could respond to a survival of the sacredness of the place, but that's a point that has not yet been able to see."
Next to this small sacred island of Astarte, the bigger and longer island, where in the opinion of Perez and other archaeologists located the Phoenician city itself, two sanctuaries signposted end. In the South, in Sancti Petri, the temple of Melqart, "which is the small island that still rises from the sea and whose location indicated by the classics, he explains Inmaculada Perez has been endorsed by the findings of pieces of Roman and Phoenician. " At the north end, near the sacred island and the city of Balbo, according to written sources, stood the sanctuary of Baal Hammon, Saturn to the Romans. Explains the archaeologist who "is a god that spreads east across the area of Carthage from V century BC. Most researchers place it next to the Castillo de San Sebastian, supported by the archaeological documentation of the capital found proto-aeolic nearby. There is also news of the nineteenth century that speak of a concrete foundation that could be remains of the shrine in Roman times. "
Aim archaeologist: "It is also possible that some of the cylindrical wells can be seen in the castle rock platform wells were rituals of the sanctuary eroded by the sea."
Inmaculada Pérez suggests another possible location for this sanctuary in the space of two cathedrals Cadiz. In his opinion "the findings of Phoenician dependencies and other debris at the site are indicative of a possible survival in the place of those religions since ancient times."
It also notes the existence of a cult hero in the ratio of Cadiz sanctuaries: "This kind of cult dedicated to a hero has been described so far in Cadiz, but the classical sources do speak of the oracular shrine of Menestheus dedicated to a hero Greek, which would be located in Puerto de Santa Maria, perhaps in Doña Blanca ".
At the entrance to the Gulf Tartesso, very near where today stands the lighthouse and the port of Bonanza, another shrine to Astarte, La Algaida, and whose remains have been excavated-hosted the sailors on the road access to trade in agricultural resources of the Guadalquivir valley and minerals in Sierra Morena.
And on the eastern coast of Cadiz, three temples marked out routes. In the prehistoric site of Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar, have appeared over the Paleolithic levels, remains of a Phoenician Punic sanctuary VII-III centuries BC, with pottery, scarabs, amulets and other parts worship. There are also old news of findings on the Isle of Hera, the sanctuary that stood traditional written sources in Tarifa and whose research is necessary to deepen. Along with the headlights of Trafalgar are documented also blocks debris that could correspond to Promontory Juno referring to these texts and the study of which must also be developed.
Sancti Petri. (Cádiz)
Astarte (Archaeological Museum Cádiz)
(Diario de Cádiz) Archaeologist Inmaculada Pérez suggested that in this place are the oracle of the Phoenician temple citing classical sources.
According to classical texts collected, about a dozen shrines dedicated to deities and Punic-Phoenician later assimilated by the Roman-Hellenistic culture and extended in ancient times along the coast of Cadiz, from the area of Algeciras and Gibraltar to the mouth of the Guadalquivir in Bonanza.
Professor of Archaeology at the UCA Inmaculada López Pérez described the map of these sanctuaries in the Phoenician-Punic series of lectures on archeology Cadiz in development since last December at the Museo de Cádiz.
Based on his research on classical sources and the archaeological remains associated with these places of worship, trade knowledge and appeared so far, Inmaculada Perez continues his study, the subject of his doctoral thesis, a sea voyage in which, from east to West, places the location of eight temples mentioned by these sources.
Particularly striking is the archaeologist on the fact that "in the Bay of Cadiz are the only sanctuaries Roman sources cited as places for consulting oracles of the entire Iberian Peninsula, which definitely has to do with the close relationship these temples with maritime traffic and trade. oracles would most likely indicate a marine expert sailors whether or not the crossing is proposed and the characteristics of the trip. "
Astarte (Archaeological Museum Cádiz)
Reinforces this view the strategic location of the shrines, "which blazed in and out of dangerous places in the sea crossing, so they were also points of shelter, repair of ships, equipment for the watering and gathering information."
In the group of islands in ancient times made up the Bay of Cadiz "natural agents, Inmaculada Pérez-states have come together to not go away entirely the footprint of these sanctuaries and we recognize its traces in our environment."
One of the most interesting contributions to the study of the archaeologist is the hypothesis that the possible location of the oracle of the goddess Astarte in the Holy Cave. Accurate in this regard that "the findings underwater in Punta del Nao, opposite the Castillo de Santa Catalina, have been related by most researchers to the location of the temple of the Phoenician god, assimilated then to the Roman Venus and Juno in that area. These archaeological remains, which extends dating from the seventh century BC to II, is believed to come from a sunken ship near the sanctuary. I suggest that it was a votive ship that is built to an important nautical ceremony related to the cult of Astarte. This ship was loaded with gifts and liturgical objects, fallen off, it was left to navigate and sometimes wrecked. "
He emphasized that "these findings in the Punta del Nao has suggested that the temple was in this rocky platform, but the classic texts indicate that it was a cave with oracle. I understand that in Phoenician times throughout the small island was a territory sacred and the only cave with religious connotations in Cadiz is what we now call the Holy Cave. Recent studies indicate that the place where today stands the oratory was the entrance to the port in ancient times. "
Inmaculada Perez estimates that the situation in the cave at the foot of the promontory of the plot of the comic, and the findings of this deposit, Canovas del Castillo Street and Broad Street, "both the Egyptian god or priest found years ago, as well appeared in the recent excavation "are data supporting this new hypothesis on the location of the oracle of Astarte in the sacred island dedicated to the Phoenician goddess. Archaeologist notes that "the Holy Cave is the only one that has been Christianized, which could respond to a survival of the sacredness of the place, but that's a point that has not yet been able to see."
Next to this small sacred island of Astarte, the bigger and longer island, where in the opinion of Perez and other archaeologists located the Phoenician city itself, two sanctuaries signposted end. In the South, in Sancti Petri, the temple of Melqart, "which is the small island that still rises from the sea and whose location indicated by the classics, he explains Inmaculada Perez has been endorsed by the findings of pieces of Roman and Phoenician. " At the north end, near the sacred island and the city of Balbo, according to written sources, stood the sanctuary of Baal Hammon, Saturn to the Romans. Explains the archaeologist who "is a god that spreads east across the area of Carthage from V century BC. Most researchers place it next to the Castillo de San Sebastian, supported by the archaeological documentation of the capital found proto-aeolic nearby. There is also news of the nineteenth century that speak of a concrete foundation that could be remains of the shrine in Roman times. "
Aim archaeologist: "It is also possible that some of the cylindrical wells can be seen in the castle rock platform wells were rituals of the sanctuary eroded by the sea."
Inmaculada Pérez suggests another possible location for this sanctuary in the space of two cathedrals Cadiz. In his opinion "the findings of Phoenician dependencies and other debris at the site are indicative of a possible survival in the place of those religions since ancient times."
It also notes the existence of a cult hero in the ratio of Cadiz sanctuaries: "This kind of cult dedicated to a hero has been described so far in Cadiz, but the classical sources do speak of the oracular shrine of Menestheus dedicated to a hero Greek, which would be located in Puerto de Santa Maria, perhaps in Doña Blanca ".
At the entrance to the Gulf Tartesso, very near where today stands the lighthouse and the port of Bonanza, another shrine to Astarte, La Algaida, and whose remains have been excavated-hosted the sailors on the road access to trade in agricultural resources of the Guadalquivir valley and minerals in Sierra Morena.
And on the eastern coast of Cadiz, three temples marked out routes. In the prehistoric site of Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar, have appeared over the Paleolithic levels, remains of a Phoenician Punic sanctuary VII-III centuries BC, with pottery, scarabs, amulets and other parts worship. There are also old news of findings on the Isle of Hera, the sanctuary that stood traditional written sources in Tarifa and whose research is necessary to deepen. Along with the headlights of Trafalgar are documented also blocks debris that could correspond to Promontory Juno referring to these texts and the study of which must also be developed.
Sancti Petri. (Cádiz)