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Who are Hungarians?

[TABLE="width: 790"]
[TR]
[TD="align: center"]Haplogroup[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]FTDNA[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]RaskóHUN[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]RaskóSIC[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]HUN[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]SIC[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]Csángó[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]SUM[/TD]
[TD="align: center"]%[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]C[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]4[/TD]
[TD]6[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]0,61287[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]E[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]21[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]10[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]9[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]19[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]10[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]6[/TD]
[TD]75[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]7,660878[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]G[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]23[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]3[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]5[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]15[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]4[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]6[/TD]
[TD]56[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]5,720123[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]H[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]11[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD]13[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1,327886[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]I1[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]25[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]8[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]16[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]27[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]5[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]3[/TD]
[TD]84[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]8,580184[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]I2[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]52[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]16[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]5[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]49[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]10[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]27[/TD]
[TD]159[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]16,24106[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]J[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]22[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]16[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]21[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]29[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]14[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]18[/TD]
[TD]120[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]12,25741[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]L[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD]1[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]0,102145[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]N[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]8[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]3[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]5[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD]17[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1,736466[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Q[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]6[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]3[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]3[/TD]
[TD]14[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1,430031[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]R1a[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]82[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]30[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]18[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]79[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]16[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]22[/TD]
[TD]247[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]25,22983[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]R1b[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]50[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]15[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]19[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]61[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]21[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]16[/TD]
[TD]182[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]18,5904[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]T[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]3[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD="align: right"]1[/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD]5[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]0,510725[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="align: center"]SUM[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]294[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]100[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]97[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]294[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]88[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]106[/TD]
[TD]979[/TD]
[TD="align: right"]100[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
 
Above are the results of two studies' and the Hungarian FTDNA project's data about the proportion of Y-DNA haplogroups in the Hungarian population.
 
hun haplo.jpg

Vágó-Zalán Andrea - PhD thesis 2012 http://teo.elte.hu/minosites/ertekezes2012/vago-zalan_a.pdf
n=230
 
Hungarians are predominantly Slavic but have sizeable Celtic and southern proto-European influence ( R1b +I2a). They are predominantly R1a with an average of 25-30% but certain regional frequencies as high as 60%! They have about 15-20% Celtic R1b and another 15-20% Balkans I2a, those are the 3 dominant Hungarian patrilineal groups, with R1a being highest in virtually all tests/surveys. One cannot classify them as purely "Slavic" though as they have a hodge-podge of those three main groups with always 10-15% more R1a. Some studies even suggest R1a may be 35%.
 
I think it would be of some worth having more deep downstream SNPs for Y-R1a, because I believe a lot of them (even if very close) are of other steppic tribes and not from clearly identified Slavs (but I think they also absorbed a lot of Slavs also) - the R1a were Ugrians and I-Eans as a whole but I don't exclude some turkic or turkicized tribes - concerning the first Ugrians I recall Hungarian scholars (right or wrong) in ancient times considered the ancestors of Ugrians as a pure caucasoid groups of "cro-magnoids" (their naming: I suppose a partially bracycephallized cro-magnoid group not too far from 'borreby' types) and "proto-europoids" (surely something close to 'proto-nordic' types and 'brünns' remnants, according to external look if not to pure genetics -
 
The Slavs in Hungary started off somewhere in central Ukraine, from there they pushed deep into Central Europe, into Czech Republic. From Czech Republic some moved to Hungary. This may also be how some R1a got to Slovenia, Croatia, Slovakia, etc.
 
As a Hungarian I can say we are really mixed. Moesan is right R1a needs to be more specific to speak about Slavic or Turkic. On FTDNA's Hungarian Y-DNA project you can see R1a people who have Hungarian surnames. From the founding of Hungary there were some major cataclisms during our history. The first one was the "tatárjárás", the tatar invasion of our country. Scholars predict it could be that the population was halved. IV. Béla rebuilt the country and introduced many foreign settlers (Italian, German etc.). Then were the Turkish wars, many people died, complete regions were abandoned. At that time we had many refugees from the Balkans as well. After the wars we need more settlers. There were inland settlers, mostly from north Hungary, among them some Slovaks as well, and many Romanians and Vlachs moved to Trannsylvania that time (XVII-XVIII century). Besides them Habsburgs invited a great number of Germans who were exempt of tax-paying for 5-10 years. During Austria-Hungary Budapest became a multicultural city, many Central Europeans moved there. There were a mass migration to Hungary from Russia as well, many Ashkenazi Jewish, and Rusyns come to Hungary. After Trianon Hungary became nearly "pure Hungarian", but also many ethnic Hungarians remained in the old territories of the Kingdom of Hungary. I think modern Hungarians are an admixture of Turkic, Slavic and German people.
 
As far as I can recall Slavic is a language group and not a DNA. Same with Celtic. Whereas proto-Indo European (IE) languages emerged only 6 000 years ago, and the proto-Slavic languages only a mere 1 500 years ago until R1a mutation started 19 000 - 26 000 years ago and R1b is about 25 000 years ago. There are hips of people and languages with both R1a and R1b that are nor Slavic neither Celtic but not even Indo-European. Bashkirs for instance has almost 50% R1b. It is still debated but it might well be that they are ancestors of European R1b. And they are not IE. Just to complicate matters further Bashkiria is know also as Magna Hungaria, the old motherland of Hungarians. I am curious to see what is the percentage of Hungarian R1b that is similar to Bashkirs. So the Celtic origin of Hungarian R1b is not yet confirmed.
 
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