Calligraphers must see: Setsumon Kaiji 說??????, Book of Small Seal Scripts ???

lexico

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Setsumon Kaiji 說??????, written by Kyoshin ???? around 100 CE, is on the web at last. It lists some 9,353 small seal scripts ??? and 1,163 alternate forms in the great seal ???, Warring States scripts ?Õ?, contemporary scripts ????, or odd scripts ?; and their etymologies and sounds as understood by the later Han dynasty scholars of the ancient classics.

xiang.jpg

an elephant ??
wu.gif

a dancing shaman(ess) with two tassels ??
che.jpg

a car ??
lai.gif

to come ??
SEAL.JPG

This a modern seal for "All American Teacher's of Japanese Association." :)
zhuanshu1_s.jpg

Can anyone make these out? . I can tell some, but a little fuzzy on the others ... :)

Before the discovery of the turtle shell & bone inscriptions ?b?????? (oracle bone inscriptions ?b???m?) by Wang, Yi Rong in 1899, this was the only book to look up the oldest forms of chinese characters preserved in a complete character set.

Although there exist around 3,000 bronze inscriptions 金?? and around 5,000 oracle bone inscriptions ?b????, they lack authoritative interpretations to this day being a relatively young field of epigraphy. Only about 1,000 common oracle bone inscriptions are analyzed with much certainty.

For those into Japanese calligraphy or seal inscription deciphering, this is a very useful and essential reference. Full text of Setsumon Kaiji 說?????? photographically reproduced at www.gg-art.com.
http://www.gg-art.com/imgbook/index.php?bookid=53

For accumulative definitions, see ttp://redhmong.8u8.com/wy/dictionary/chinese.html

For the wikipedia Shodo ???? article, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shodo
(Basic reference, but tensho ⽏? and reisho 隸?? are not mentioned here.)

For a brief "visual" illustration of the evolution of scripts,
see p. 11 of Wang, William http://www.ee.cuhk.edu.hk/~wsywang/publications/chinese_lang.pdf
Liou, Joyce http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~jliou/ch_written_system/written.htm
or http://www.mcps.k12.md.us/curriculum/socialstd/MWH/11042_Handout2.html
(though the first two images "金??" and "?b????" should be reversed.)

For an overview of ancient Chinese characters in general,
see http://www.logoi.com/notes/ancient_characters.html

For Zhang Yongming's Tensho ⽏? Skills on VCD,
http://www.china-guide.com/Merchant...e_Code=C&Product_Code=vc00zhz&Category_Code=V

Tenji ⽎? (small seal style writing in brush) for writing with brush on paper or steles, and tenkokuji ⽍??? (seal inscription in tensho) for inscription on seals are in fact only two variant applications of the small seal script tensho ⽏?.

'Hudeji' ?M?? and 'kakuji' ?p?? are only descriptive font names given by fontographer Ayumi Takeshima to distinguish between his/her(?) fonts with rounded strokes of the brush and the straight, angled carving style (sic. incidentally, not necessarily). In principle the word hudeji ?M?? may include tenji ⽎?, but it can also include all the other styles of brush strokes.
?M??
ryus5.gif

?p?? http://homepage1.nifty.com/tanpopolion/images/crest/kakuji1_2.gif

For traditional seal carving,
see http://www.vocdesign.com/help/about.php
 
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Something to keep you busy while you wait for the unicode text

lexico said:
Full text of Setsumon Kaiji 說?????? photographically reproduced at www.gg-art.com.

http://www.gg-art.com/imgbook/index.php?bookid=53
The on-line book above is fine for looking up individual kanjis, but has the fatal inconvenience of being an image base, not in any code. As far as I know, there isn't one yet due to the difficulty of defining unusual charcter codes and a set of decent fonts. Richard S. Cook Jr. has been working on a unicode extension to accommodate all the Setsumon characters, and here is an idea of what is to come shortly.

The Extreme of Typographic Complexity: Character Set Issues Relating to Computerization of The Eastern Han Chinese Lexicon 說?????? Shuowenjiezi discusses, in addition to coding problems, the bibliographical nature of the work, and hence serves as a nice introduction to an otherwise cryptic book of etymology. (37 pages) http://www.unicode.org/iuc/iuc18/papers/b14.pdf

For detailed lessons into the character formation of the Tensho,
see Part 1: http://www.itcn.nl/jeffrey/jjh-IC/IC-Clarity/IC1aCharForms.pdf
and Part 2: http://www.itcn.nl/jeffrey/jjh-IC/IC-Clarity/IC1bCharForms.pdf

Also there are statistical surveys of all the Setsumon kanji material made public by Huadong University ?ؓ???{, China.

1. Kaisho-to-Tensho Correspondence List ??⽛??????
http://www.ideograms.org/database/zhuan1.pdf

2. Tensho Component Frequency Data ??⽍\???p???\:1970 components
http://www.ideograms.org/database/zhuan2.pdf

3. Tensho Semantic Compound Components Frequency Data ??⽘??ӕ????p???\: 560 components
http://www.ideograms.org/database/zhuan3.pdf

4. Tensho Radical Frequency Data ??⽋`??频???\: 410 radicals
http://www.ideograms.org/database/zhuan4.pdf

5. Tensho Phonetic Frequency Data ????ߕ?频???\: 1739 phonetics
http://www.ideograms.org/database/zhuan4.pdf

In fact you can look up similar lists in the oracle bone inscriptions ?b????, the bronze inscriptions 金??, the Chu bamboo scripts ?^?ȕ?, and some Warring States scripts that has been excavated in recent years.
http://www.ideograms.org/database/sample.htm
 
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Tensho ⽏? in Ancient Japan, arriving not later than 57 CE

A Gold Seal of Friendship From Han Guangwudi ?????? to the King of Wa ?ϓz??
discovered during the Edo period, at Hakata Bay ?????s, Shikanoshima ?u?꓇, in Northern Kyushu ?k??F, the supposed seat of Yamatai ??n?i ruler, 57 CE
height: 2.2cm (1 ????), weight: 108.7 g.

???`?z????
kinin1.gif

Can you make out the characters from right to left, top to bottom?
http://museum.city.fukuoka.jp/english/index_e.html
Currently on display at Fukuoka City Museum since 1978.

Seals of Japan: Ancient Period (?-Heian period, 1185)
In Japanese sources of hisotry, the seal is first mentioned in the Chronicles of Emperor Sujin, Nihonshoki, ???_?V?c?I, ???{???I.
sujin.jpg

In 692, the 6th year of Emperor ?????V?c, ?_?L?? offered up a wooden seal ?؈?. But the use of seals was instituted only in 701, the first reign year of ?囏 of Emperor Monmu ?????V?c.
monmu.jpg


Official seals ???? included those of the internal offices, 內??, external affairs, ?O??, of the various offices ???i??, and of the feudal lords of states ??????. This practice was adaptation of the Chinese Sui-Tang seal institution, and the material was copper.

Chinese influence gradually lost its force, and a uniquely Japanese style of 'Old Seal of Yamato' ??a?È? was born. It was typically frugal and deep in character.
 
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Tensho ⽏? in Modern Japan, still live and beautiful

Is tensho ⽏? a thing of the past? If you thought so, do have a look at the following (pre-)search result for ??? within the popular Rakuten on-line market ?y?V?s??. This is a summary of seals which shows that tensho ⽏? is as well part of the lives of modern Japanese as it was for the ancient Japanese.

?g?b?v > ?????E?C???e???A > ????E?o???G?e?B?[?G?? > ??ӁE?n???R

????E?o???G?e?B?[?G??
??ӁE?n???R
??\??i0?j
?p??i0?j
??s??i?@?l?j?i0?j
??s??i?l?j?i13717?j
?F??i0?j
?X?^???v?i5219?j
????i170?j
??ӃP?[?X?i774?j
???̑??i23378?j

total: ?S 43,258?? is what's listed for Feb. 12, 2005, around 11:00 pm. A sizeable portion of these seals are in fact in the tensho ⽏? script.

Of the many seal sculptors listed here, I'll only quote one site, HankoWeb run by Mr. Hirayasu Ryuichi ???? ????.
http://www.rakuten.ne.jp/gold/hobundo/
Here are some samples of his art work; 15 out of 17 are in the tensho ⽏? script. The modern kanjis are in the footnotes for you to compare.
http://www.rakuten.ne.jp/gold/hobundo/sakka.html

This is my favorite because it combines kanji and kana in wonderful harmony.
in10.gif

????~?G?I?????s?b?N?R???c??
Official Seal for Board of Referees, Nagano Winter Olympics
 
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If you are looking for a book in English, the closest that deals with Chinese epigraphy is "Chinese Characters; their origin, etymology, history, classification, and signification. a thorough study from chinese documents, by Dr. L. Wieger, S.J., english translation from the 4th french edition, Dover Publications ISBN 0-486-21321-8. For books on 說?????? itself, I don't know of any off hand, but I would start the search with list no. 6.

1. Google img search result for tensho ⽏?.
2. Web search result for tensho ⽏?

3. Google img search result for Setsumon Kaiji 說??????
4. Web search result for Setsumon Kaiji 說??????

5. Google web search result for 說?????? english
6. Web search result for 說?????? english book

A summary Chinese etymology bibliography also mentions Wieger's book.
 
說?????? True Type???^ at last !
You can download them here, scroll down to round middle of the page.
 
?ی`????. That's what we say. It is a picture-letter. You have posted some of nice pictures of them. I really liked the elephant. By the way, do you think you can find it for the Kanji, ?D?H A boat.
 
studyonline said:
?ی`????. That's what we say. It is a picture-letter. You have posted some of nice pictures of them. I really liked the elephant.
The first several characters are actually older forms than the Setumon kaiji forms; I chose to include them in the beginning because they are somewhat more representative.
By the way, do you think you can find it for the Kanji, ?D ?H A boat.
According to Fangyan ???? compiled by Yang Xiong ?g?Y around the short-lived Xin ?V dynasty, the boat was written "chuan2 (Mand.)" ?D east of the Hangu Pass ???J?, and "zhou1 (Mand.)" ?M west of the pass.

The principle of character formation of ?D is semantic-phonetic compound, ?`?? (or ?~??).

kodama-7

other styles of ?D

The principle of character formation of ?M is pictograpic, ?ی`. I can't seem to find a single pictogram of ?M, but you can see it in the upper right corner of the text boxes in the two images below.
?M in 說?????? ?i?叙?{?j...?M in 說?????? ?i?i???{)...
a0341032.jpg


A reconstructed boat of the Yayoi period, ?o?C??????, nr. Johnan Shizuoka High School ???É??????w?Z

A river boat carpenter's page: ??????j?@Sadao Sunouchi, Fudatsui
 
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Kanpo Harada's Kampo's Character Dictionary (Kampo Jirin ?V?􎚗?) looks like an interesting book for calligraphers. Hefty price at 15,750 yen, but check your llibrary, too.

- 52,752 characters in 2,776 styles
- Koki's Character Dictionary ?Nꤎ??T radical & sroke order
- script styles in regular, semicursive, cursive, clerical, and seal script
- cross referenced with index of Chinese or Japanese characters
- Chinese-derived readings (onyomi) and native Japanese readings (kunyomi)

Kampo College also has introductory info on Kanji calligraphy and Latin scripts.
 
As always am I impressed and amazed how well you do the research, lexico ????. I asked a Chinese person to translate those Kanji's for me from the picture you provided. He had a hard time reading some of the letters due to the size, he immediately recognized it was acient Chinese dictionary. He told me that it explained the word zoul (?M?jwas from cut wood. That and how zoul was used for chuan (?D) from old age.

The reason I asked you for ?D was because of the book I read some time ago. I actually read only few pages because I had to return it to the local library. The book talks about the origin of Chinese characters.

Many Kanji's the author explains and shows the examples to back up his theory in the book are all interesting. ?D was one of them.

If you know a story of Noah from the Bible, he had his wife and three sons + their wives in the Ark. So check this out;

?M is a boat = the Ark

?? is eight = 8

?? is mouth = person

Here is another example;

?ؖ؁@two trees + ???@command = ?ց@forbid

I found this to be quite interesting.
 
Kanji to Tensho

Hi Everybody!

I'm having a difficult time finding the tensho character for "koku" in kanji (attached).

Can somebody help me please?

Thanks!
 

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