Who were Scythians?

how yes no 2

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180 BC Scythians are noth of Bactria and Sogdiana
800px-Greco-BactrianKingdomMap.jpg

.........................................................................................
100 BC Scythians include Bactria, Sogdiana, and Indo-Scythians
Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png

......................................................................................
I think R1a was a continuum from India to Poland until it was cut into 2 parts by advance of Scythians or their ancestors...
800px-GlobalR1a1a.png

by comparing previous figure with spread of Skythians in historical times (100 BC), I think that Scythians were only marginally having R1a (e.g. Indo-Scythians were mix of R1a with original Scythians, as was the case in Bactria and Sogdiana that were probably originally domiantly R1a but conquered by original Scythians)
300px-Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png

in fact, I think Scythians were akin to people from Kazahstan.. maninly haplogroup C3...
800px-Haplogrupo_C3_%28ADN-Y%29.PNG
 
C3 is most likely to have been brought to Central Asia by the Turkic speakers (from Mongolia) from the 4th century CE onwards, and reinforced by the Mongol invasions of Genghis Khan and his successors in the 13th century. This is the most likely explanation for the high incidence of East Asian blood in Central Asia nowadays.

You can't just look at one selected segment of history and infer modern haplogroup distribution to one ethnic group at one given time 2000 years ago. You have to look back at the whole history and work your way backward from the present by removing the haplogroups brought by the latest invaders, one by one, until the period you wish to analyse. Your approach is completely mistaken as you jump directly from present to the Antiquity without looking at what happened in between.
 
C3 is most likely to have been brought to Central Asia by the Turkic speakers (from Mongolia) from the 4th century CE onwards, and reinforced by the Mongol invasions of Genghis Khan and his successors in the 13th century. This is the most likely explanation for the high incidence of East Asian blood in Central Asia nowadays.

You can't just look at one selected segment of history and infer modern haplogroup distribution to one ethnic group at one given time 2000 years ago. You have to look back at the whole history and work your way backward from the present by removing the haplogroups brought by the latest invaders, one by one, until the period you wish to analyse. Your approach is completely mistaken as you jump directly from present to the Antiquity without looking at what happened in between.
actually, I was not skipping whole history,,,
I was thinking about it...but without prejudice and without expecting it to justify some illusions...
reason that I think Scythians were C3 is that no other haplogroup in that area has even little correlation with spread of Scythians... I started assuming I could find by looking also at small frequencies possible make-up of Scythians...and I didnot expect C3....I tried to combine European haplogroups as I expected that Scythians have been R1a, perhaps R1b or mix of those....but to my surprise C3 was perfect match, while anything else or any combination of others was not looking even as distant match
so I wanted to share idea, and see what will other people think...

and while C3 could be spread of Turkish tribes, those tribes never actually controlled anything south of line that connects certain point of Caspian lake coast with south corner of lake east of it (that is they never controlled Chorasmia, Sogdiana, Bactria) while C3 was there and exactly matching with its shape the historically attested spread of Scythians.....

look at maximal spread of Turkish tribes (Kyptchak)
300px-Premongol-Kipchak.png


than I was looking again shape of Scythian empire southern from that area and noticed that it matches exactly C3 haplogroup
Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png

800px-Haplogrupo_C3_%28ADN-Y%29.PNG


than I wondered if it is possible that C3 was spread of Scythians, so I looked at their culture, at what was written about them, what were the details of their culture, and it all looked very turkic to me...

300px-Scythians_shooting_with_bows_Kertch_antique_Panticapeum_Ukrainia_4th_century_BCE.jpg

170px-Behistun.Inscript.Skunkha.jpg
349px-Scythian_Warriors.jpg
250px-MenWithDragons.jpg

after looking their cultural artifacts, it was clear they could have been only turkic/mongolic people...
 
180 BC Scythians are noth of Bactria and Sogdiana
800px-Greco-BactrianKingdomMap.jpg

.........................................................................................
100 BC Scythians include Bactria, Sogdiana, and Indo-Scythians
Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png

......................................................................................
I think R1a was a continuum from India to Poland until it was cut into 2 parts by advance of Scythians or their ancestors...
800px-GlobalR1a1a.png

by comparing previous figure with spread of Skythians in historical times (100 BC), I think that Scythians were only marginally having R1a (e.g. Indo-Scythians were mix of R1a with original Scythians, as was the case in Bactria and Sogdiana that were probably originally domiantly R1a but conquered by original Scythians)
300px-Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png

in fact, I think Scythians were akin to people from Kazahstan.. maninly haplogroup C3...
800px-Haplogrupo_C3_%28ADN-Y%29.PNG
Haplogroup_G2a.gif


And look at the haplogroup G ?
 
willy, this is actually very good idea...
you can clearly see shapes of Scythian largest spread and how it slowly retreated towards south, while finally being splitted in two parts: one on Caucasus and other part going to Sogdia and Bactria...

G.png

Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png


that would also explain why Sarmatians are related to Scythians...
legend says they are result of Scythian man mixing with Amazones woman...
in fact Sarmatians probably were tribal union with G2a and I2....
and Amazones we can find in Asiatic Sarmatia next to Serbi (I2) and close to Alani (G2a)
800px-Map_of_Colchis%2C_Iberia%2C_Albania%2C_and_the_neighbouring_countries_ca_1770.jpg
 
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how yes no,

What are you talking about? Y-DNA cannot be Mixed/combined. R1a is the "parent" (it came before R1b) of R1b. Have you looked up the R haplogroup Phylogenetic tree? All these maps show are populaton/migrations patterns of our ancestors.

Migrations and Cultures do not change your y-dna that occurred during "conception".

Melusine
 
willy, this is actually very good idea...
you can clearly see shapes of Scythian largest spread and how it slowly retreated towards south, while finally being splitted in two parts: one on Caucasus and other part going to Sogdia and Bactria...

G.png

Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png


that would also explain why Sarmatians are related to Scythians...
legend says they are result of Scythian man mixing with Amazones woman...
in fact Sarmatians probably were tribal union with G2a and I2....
and Amazones we can find in Asiatic Sarmatia next to Serbi (I2) and close to Alani (G2a)
800px-Map_of_Colchis%2C_Iberia%2C_Albania%2C_and_the_neighbouring_countries_ca_1770.jpg

Good how yes no ! I give you now a very confidential info not a joke : Go there and you will find where we have found recently (a scoop ! ) the lost tribe : I mean the "G2a3b1 L140+ DYS 388 = 13" called the European cluster the "most common G2a haplogroup" found in Northwest Europeans ( 1 % ;- ) ) .. so now what we could imagine about this migration on Europe ? tell me your feeling please ;)

http://maps.google.fr/maps?f=q&sour...39.436193,53.4375&spn=11.564441,39.506836&z=5


This is exactly where this young girl is living and also her ancestors for thousands of years anyway here : there is ZERO R1b1b2 ZERO German ZERO Celt ZERO European so from where on the maps her ancestors or her tribe come from ?

image051.jpg
 
There might have been some Turkic or Mongolian admixture with the tribes traditionally considered to be Scythians. From what I have read the Scythian language was an Indo-European language of the Iranian branch. The Y DNA that I have read about from the majority of skeletons described as being Scythian is R1a. Therefore it is my belief that the Scythians are descended from the original Indo-Europeans that went west and wandered the vast plains of Central Europe. Possibly related to the Caucasoid mummies found in the Tarim basin that are associated with the Tocharians.
 
Good how yes no ! I give you now a very confidential info not a joke : Go there (Rasht in Gilan province, Northern Iran) and you will know where we have found recently the lost tribe I mean the G2a3b1 L140+ DYS 388 = 13 called European cluster the most common haplogroup found in Northwest Europeans .. so now what we could imagine about this migration ? tell me your feeling please ;)
...
What population could you find here ? take a look where this young Iranian girl live there is ZERO R1b1b2 ZERO German ZERO Celts so from where on the maps her ancestors come from ?
I have no clue... I do not have psychic capabilities.. I can only guess based on clues...
here is difficult...any population passing from Iran through Caucasus towards north would have to pass there and could carry with it G2a from there... this is the case since only way to pass easily through Caucasus (through plains and not over mountains) is next to Caspian lake


there was I cluster dwelling down there..but I could not figure out who were them... G might have arrived with them...
I.png


It might have been either early migration with German I1 or later migration with Sarmatians/Scythians (I2 & G)

it is also possible that this G cluster was not originally there, that it moved to south when Scythian/Sarmatian power was decreasing... which than increase possibilities... but than it would be more spread around especially north of current position...

I know!!
Scythians were historically recorded dwelling on that place...
check out these maps:
http://www.imninalu.net/maps.htm

actually, this in fact indicates that that cluster of I there was likely part of Scythians together with G...
 
There might have been some Turkic or Mongolian admixture with the tribes traditionally considered to be Scythians. From what I have read the Scythian language was an Indo-European language of the Iranian branch. The Y DNA that I have read about from the majority of skeletons described as being Scythian is R1a. Therefore it is my belief that the Scythians are descended from the original Indo-Europeans that went west and wandered the vast plains of Central Europe. Possibly related to the Caucasoid mummies found in the Tarim basin that are associated with the Tocharians.

I will say G2a2b1 and G2a1 + R1a as the Kalash people have 20 % R1a + 20% G2a the rest are H and L at low %
3424d1271293398-girl-from-kalash-pakistan-with-facial-tattoos.jpg
 
how yes no,

What are you talking about? Y-DNA cannot be Mixed/combined. R1a is the "parent" (it came before R1b) of R1b. Have you looked up the R haplogroup Phylogenetic tree? All these maps show are populaton/migrations patterns of our ancestors.

Migrations and Cultures do not change your y-dna that occurred during "conception".

Melusine
perhaps I didnot express myself well...
I was talking about combined as in existing in same population... populations can be mixed/combined...
e.g. in this case, tribe of Scythians dwelling on south of Caspian lake was perhaps mix of I2 and G2a
 
I have no clue... I do not have psychic capabilities.. I can only guess based on clues...
here is difficult...any population passing from Iran through Caucasus towards north would have to pass there and could carry with it G2a from there... this is the case since only way to pass easily through Caucasus (through plains and not over mountains) is next to Caspian lake


there was I cluster dwelling down there..but I could not figure out who were them... G might have arrived with them...
I.png


It might have been either early migration with German I1 or later migration with Sarmatians/Scythians (I2 & G)

it is also possible that this G cluster was not originally there, that it moved to south when Scythian/Sarmatian power was decreasing... which than increase possibilities... but than it would be more spread around especially north of current position...

I know!!
Scythians were historically recorded dwelling on that place...
check out these maps:
http://www.imninalu.net/maps.htm

actually, this in fact indicates that that cluster of I there was likely part of Scythians together with G...

OK G2a3b1 L140+ DYS 388 = 13 is 4500 years old just fine to the bronze age
so it was a mystery to find these G2a3b1 at few level in Europe because on comparison with the Caucasus G2a people this is giving us a pattern migration of 2000 - 2500 years maximum so what historical migration was involved from north Iran to Germany - France - Holland - UK at that time ? (about the girl her ancestors come from Caucasus she is Indo Iranian not Swedish : Photograph taken in 1971 by Ali Massoudi of a girl from Rasht in Gilan province, Northern Iran
(Source: R. Tarverdi (Editor) & A. Massoudi (Art editor),
The land of Kings, Tehran: Rahnama Publications, 1971, p.116).)
 
OK G2a3b1 L140+ DYS 388 = 13 is 4500 years old just fine to the bronze age
so it was a mystery to find these G2a3b1 at few level in Europe because on comparison with the Caucasus G2a people this is giving us a pattern migration of 2000 - 2500 years maximum so what historical migration was involved from north Iran to Germany - France - Holland - UK at that time ? (about the girl her ancestors come from Caucasus she is Indo Iranian : Photograph taken in 1971 by Ali Massoudi of a girl from Rasht in Gilan province, Northern Iran
(Source: R. Tarverdi (Editor) & A. Massoudi (Art editor),
The land of Kings, Tehran: Rahnama Publications, 1971, p.116).)

mutation that came to existance 4500 years ago (if that can really be estimated correctly in which I doubt) and exists now on two remote locations, means that migration could took place any time between now and ~4400 years ago...right?

If there is a cluster in Germanic countries, I think that might indicate that it travelled with Germanic tribe, and thus also that Germanic tribes did arrive to Europe sometimes between 0BC and 2500 BC most likely between 500BC and 1500BC...

Besides if names Germania and Aria are preserved both by nation as names expressing self-identity and they still exist in the region from where they origin, I would say it could not have been too distant in time migration... maybe 2500-3000 years ago..

but it's good to keep in mind that here we talk about place of origin where history attest Scythian tribe
 
mutation that came to existance 4500 years ago (if that can really be estimated correctly in which I doubt) and exists now on two remote locations, means that migration could took place any time between now and ~4400 years ago...right?

If there is a cluster in Germanic countries, I think that might indicate that it travelled with Germanic tribe, and thus also that Germanic tribes did arrive to Europe sometimes between 0BC and 2500 BC most likely between 500BC and 1500BC...

Besides if names Germania and Aria are preserved both by nation as names expressing self-identity and they still exist in the region from where they origin, I would say it could not have been too distant in time migration... maybe 2500-3000 years ago..

but it's good to keep in mind that here we talk about place of origin where history attest Scythian tribe

Yes correct so in that case we can imagine a tribe somewhere around the Caucasus who came to north Iran and Europe it means the same people were separated in their migration ?
 
Yes correct so in that case we can imagine a tribe somewhere around the Caucasus who came to north Iran and Europe it means the same people were separated in their migration ?
I think that tribes in older days typically did not move completely somewhere, but would split... that is survival tactics, because you need to keep the base so you have where to return to... eventually, after making a set of basis tribes travels some distance and the idea of first base is lost...
 
I think that tribes in older days typically did not move completely somewhere, but would split... that is survival tactics, because you need to keep the base so you have where to return to... eventually, after making a set of basis tribes travels some distance and the idea of first base is lost...
Seems natural to a survival tactics and give more chance to survived this is what happens when the humans (it was a tribe at first ) went out Africa to Asia they took different directions . If they stayed united just an epidemic could erase the population ..
 
Com'on guys, population move is not a chess game. There are many reason for people to move, and most of them are not nice. If people have a great location, lots of food, they don't want to move. The moves are usually forced. The reasons are many, like: overpopulation, tribal wars, climate change, hordes of nasty enemies, etc.
The Iranian/Aryan tribes were located east of Caspian sea, the climate then was more moist, and they had build many big cities there. About 2 000 BC, their region got drier and they moved south to India. They were mostly R1a people.
The stories/history about Aryans were discovered by British when they conquered India.
There is nothing about Aryans leaving Iran and walking to Germany though. This is really too big of a stretch. You shouldn't build a theory on couple of similar names, and spot of I hg in Iran by Caspian sea.
If I moved from Asia to Europe it would need to be much earlier, more than 6 thousand years ago.
 
Com'on guys, population move is not a chess game. There are many reason for people to move, and most of them are not nice. If people have a great location, lots of food, they don't want to move. The moves are usually forced. The reasons are many, like: overpopulation, tribal wars, climate change, hordes of nasty enemies, etc.
The Iranian/Aryan tribes were located east of Caspian sea, the climate then was more moist, and they had build many big cities there. About 2 000 BC, their region got drier and they moved south to India. They were mostly R1a people.
The stories/history about Aryans were discovered by British when they conquered India.
There is nothing about Aryans leaving Iran and walking to Germany though. This is really too big of a stretch. You shouldn't build a theory on couple of similar names, and spot of I hg in Iran by Caspian sea.
If I moved from Asia to Europe it would need to be much earlier, more than 6 thousand years ago.

Yes I agree
 
actually, I was not skipping whole history,,,
I was thinking about it...but without prejudice and without expecting it to justify some illusions...
reason that I think Scythians were C3 is that no other haplogroup in that area has even little correlation with spread of Scythians... I started assuming I could find by looking also at small frequencies possible make-up of Scythians...and I didnot expect C3....I tried to combine European haplogroups as I expected that Scythians have been R1a, perhaps R1b or mix of those....but to my surprise C3 was perfect match, while anything else or any combination of others was not looking even as distant match
so I wanted to share idea, and see what will other people think...

and while C3 could be spread of Turkish tribes, those tribes never actually controlled anything south of line that connects certain point of Caspian lake coast with south corner of lake east of it (that is they never controlled Chorasmia, Sogdiana, Bactria) while C3 was there and exactly matching with its shape the historically attested spread of Scythians.....

after looking their cultural artifacts, it was clear they could have been only turkic/mongolic people...

Sorry to disappoint you but all* the ancient DNA tests done in Central Asia during the Scythian period (600 BCE - 300 AD) turned out to be exclusively R1a1. That's one of the best studied region in term of ancient Y-DNA. The older Andronovo samples were also R1a1, and so were the Tocharian ones from Xinjiang.

* 8 out of 8 skeletons in Scythian kurgans tested in 3 separate studies.
 

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