J2 has it's highest concentrations in the Near East, in particular the Fertile Crescent and Iraq. In my opinion, the Sumerians for instance were predominantly J2.....I'm not sure what you're trying to say there. J2 is widespread in the near East, as you may know....The Indo-Aryans in India were probably predominantly R1a1a. It's very common in India today (interestingly, in particular amongst certain Brahmin castes), and it has been found in graves of the Andronovo Culture in Central Asia - also R1a has been found in graves of the Andronovo Culture. Descendants of them moved southwards to found the Vedic civilization of the Indus Valley.
you see in caste society castes do not mix... they can mix with invaders who stay long time there....Brahmins of India are believed to origin from Aryans
68% R1a1, 21% J2, 16% H1, 3.6% G2a....R1a is very present in various castes, while J2 and G2a are present only in Brahmins....
so, R1a probably came from later Indo-Scythians... and because they were ruling the area for quite a while itR1a did largely overtake brahmin's caste YDNA as well...but still 21% of brahmin caste stayed J2. I have explained that in
http://www.eupedia.com/forum/showthread.php?26093-Indo-Aryans
R1a1a has also been found in graves of the Corded Ware Culture in Europe and in graves of the Tocharians.
yes, but that is about steppe people like Scythians...
in same steppe there were Turkic people as well and from what I see they were as well R1a...
R1a1a can account for four major branches of the Indo-European languages (Germanic, Balto-Slavic, Indo-Iranic and Tocharian), is that a coincidence? I don't think so.
it is not coincidence, but it can also say that part of R1a people have accepted IE language early in their history... so it was probably language of Scythians and Indo-Scythians... however, that doesnot necesserily implies R1a was source of the PIE...
there is problem with R1a that it cannot explain PIE in Europe without including R1b...But R1b in Asia and Africa is largely not IE...
There is absolutely no reason to assume that. The people of Persia probably were non-IE-speaking originally. In particular, the oldest attested language in that region is Elamite, a non-IE language.
my guess comes from me estimating that haplogroup I origin is in Persia
Your "story" isn't very consistent at all.
it is extremely consistent for forum story... I cannot make a PhD thesis about history and genetics on a forum....
Yeah, but your claims just go too far and are too far-fetched to be even remotely plausible, or stand up to closer scrutiny....
Because you're ignoring the basics of linguistics, again, not to mention time, lot's of it. The Chatti, a Germanic people, are attested from 1st century AD, while the Hatti are in Anatolia, around 2000 years earlier. A connection between those two is extremely unlikely. It's almost like saying "America" and "Armorica" are related, just because they sound similar.
if Armorica and America sounded more alike with clear transition from one to another, if the two areas had same principal deities, if there was atested movement from Armorica to America, and if there was no other explanation, yes I would make that proposal.... so, it is not just "it sounds similar" argument as you claim..it is much more...
Back in those days, these weren't "small distances".
no offence, but boats were used and horses as well....
obviously Etruscans somewhat later sailed to several times larger distance from Lydia in Asia minor to Umbria in Italy... obviously Indo-Scytians went from north of Caucasus to India... so why would migrations around Black sea be large distance.... same genetics north and south of Black sea, relatively close distances..obviously there must be some relation in culture and perhaps language...
That's a point. I'm a tad sceptical how the Hekla event could have provided such a long-lasting famine. Herodotus may be exaggerating (which would be nothing new). I agree the time window fits though
well, let's hope that Yellowstone will not show us how volcanic winter looks like and how much it can last....