Angela
Elite member
- Messages
- 21,823
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- Ethnic group
- Italian
See:
https://www.academia.edu/27998059/P..._Trypillian_Culture_from_Verteba_Cave_Ukraine
[h=4]Paleogenetic analysis of the Eneolithic (4900 – 2750 calBC) Trypillian Culture from Verteba Cave, Ukraine, Ryan et al[/h]"Here, we make use of paleogenetic data from bone and teeth samples from Verteba Cave, Ukraine, to better understand the peoples of the agro-pastoral Eneolithic Tripolye Culture. Verteba Cave is the only known site with associated Trypillian human remains. We explore population origins and the Tripolye people’s relationship with local populations from the greater Carpathian and Dnieper regions, as well as possible connections to peoples from the Near East. Our motivation for this study derives from several unknowns. Specifically, archaeological evidence suggests Tripolye origins stem from the interaction of several Neolithic cultures, while a small number of individuals analyzed using morphometric traits suggest a possible Near Eastern origin. We performed Sanger sequencing of the mtDNA control region (HVRI) and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for several individuals that allowed us to obtain nuclear genetic data. Our preliminary results indicate maternal lineages that are common to modern Eurasian peoples and variants common to peoples of the Neolithic, specifically to populations that resided in southern Europe and Iberia. This observation seems to confirm a Near Eastern origin. We do not find evidence for biological continuation from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers populations; rather, we find lineages more common to later Bronze Age steppe pastoralists (the Yamnaya Culture), who may have introduced Indo-European languages to parts of Europe. Analyses are ongoing with future plans to obtain whole mitogenome data through the use of in-solution target capture methods, higher resolution genome-wide SNP variation to detect subtle changes in population size, as well as searching for alleles associated with natural selection, such as skin pigmentation and lactase persistence."
"Individuals from Verteba Cave are more closely related maternally to peoples of the Neolithic, especially to adjacent peoples of Romania, as well as to Early and Middle Neolithic cultures of Spain. • Several individuals may be related to a later wave of Bronze Age steppe pastoralists (Yamnaya Culture) that are thought to have introduced Indo-European languages. Figure 1. Principal components analysis (PCA) of ancient mtDNA populations haplogroup frequencies. We compared the Verteba Cave haplogroup frequency composition with several other ancient groups from different periods of the Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and Bronze Age, as well as with several hunter-gatherer groups (N = 726). PC1 and PC2 account for 48.9% of the variation. PC 1 separates the hunter-gatherer groups (blue triangles) and Bronze Age samples (yellow rectangles) from the Neolithic (black dots) and Chalcolithic (pink crosses) samples. This exploratory analysis suggests Verteba Cave individuals are more closely related to Neolithic groups from the Basque Country (NBQ), Cardial Ware Spain (MNC), and Central European Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic Bell Beaker peoples (BBC). PCA also shows a close relationship with a nearby Neolithic Romanian (NRM) sample. This finding might suggest a similar expanding biological population in the greater Tripolye area for peoples associated with the Neolithic. "
" Table 1. mtDNA haplogroups for Verteba Cave individuals. Most are represented by haplogroup H, which is common among modern Europeans (~ 40%) (Richards et al., 2002). Several other haplogroups are associated with the Neolithic (haplogroups K, H2a, and T2b). T2b and H2a have been found in ~ 6200–6,700 BCE samples from Turkey (Haak et al., 2015; Mathieson et al., 2015; Omrak et al., 2016), indicating a likely Near Eastern connection for at least some of the Verteba population. We also find haplogroup U4 in individual VC034, common in both Mesolithic hunter-gatherers (Skoglund et al., 2014) and Bronze Age steppe pastoralists (Allentoft et al., 2015). This observation may indicate some biological continuity with local hun"ter-gatherers. However, VC034 was found in the same location as VC029, who has haplogroup W, which is rare among Mesolithic groups. This finding likely indicates a connection with later Bronze Age peoples from the Eurasian steppe, rather than with local hunter-gatherers."
So, possibly a few late incoming steppe mtDna, but basically Neolithic farmer similar to to other European Neolithic farmers. If these are the only samples we're likely ever to get for these people, I sure hope they try to get yDna.
https://www.academia.edu/27998059/P..._Trypillian_Culture_from_Verteba_Cave_Ukraine
[h=4]Paleogenetic analysis of the Eneolithic (4900 – 2750 calBC) Trypillian Culture from Verteba Cave, Ukraine, Ryan et al[/h]"Here, we make use of paleogenetic data from bone and teeth samples from Verteba Cave, Ukraine, to better understand the peoples of the agro-pastoral Eneolithic Tripolye Culture. Verteba Cave is the only known site with associated Trypillian human remains. We explore population origins and the Tripolye people’s relationship with local populations from the greater Carpathian and Dnieper regions, as well as possible connections to peoples from the Near East. Our motivation for this study derives from several unknowns. Specifically, archaeological evidence suggests Tripolye origins stem from the interaction of several Neolithic cultures, while a small number of individuals analyzed using morphometric traits suggest a possible Near Eastern origin. We performed Sanger sequencing of the mtDNA control region (HVRI) and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for several individuals that allowed us to obtain nuclear genetic data. Our preliminary results indicate maternal lineages that are common to modern Eurasian peoples and variants common to peoples of the Neolithic, specifically to populations that resided in southern Europe and Iberia. This observation seems to confirm a Near Eastern origin. We do not find evidence for biological continuation from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers populations; rather, we find lineages more common to later Bronze Age steppe pastoralists (the Yamnaya Culture), who may have introduced Indo-European languages to parts of Europe. Analyses are ongoing with future plans to obtain whole mitogenome data through the use of in-solution target capture methods, higher resolution genome-wide SNP variation to detect subtle changes in population size, as well as searching for alleles associated with natural selection, such as skin pigmentation and lactase persistence."
"Individuals from Verteba Cave are more closely related maternally to peoples of the Neolithic, especially to adjacent peoples of Romania, as well as to Early and Middle Neolithic cultures of Spain. • Several individuals may be related to a later wave of Bronze Age steppe pastoralists (Yamnaya Culture) that are thought to have introduced Indo-European languages. Figure 1. Principal components analysis (PCA) of ancient mtDNA populations haplogroup frequencies. We compared the Verteba Cave haplogroup frequency composition with several other ancient groups from different periods of the Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and Bronze Age, as well as with several hunter-gatherer groups (N = 726). PC1 and PC2 account for 48.9% of the variation. PC 1 separates the hunter-gatherer groups (blue triangles) and Bronze Age samples (yellow rectangles) from the Neolithic (black dots) and Chalcolithic (pink crosses) samples. This exploratory analysis suggests Verteba Cave individuals are more closely related to Neolithic groups from the Basque Country (NBQ), Cardial Ware Spain (MNC), and Central European Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic Bell Beaker peoples (BBC). PCA also shows a close relationship with a nearby Neolithic Romanian (NRM) sample. This finding might suggest a similar expanding biological population in the greater Tripolye area for peoples associated with the Neolithic. "
" Table 1. mtDNA haplogroups for Verteba Cave individuals. Most are represented by haplogroup H, which is common among modern Europeans (~ 40%) (Richards et al., 2002). Several other haplogroups are associated with the Neolithic (haplogroups K, H2a, and T2b). T2b and H2a have been found in ~ 6200–6,700 BCE samples from Turkey (Haak et al., 2015; Mathieson et al., 2015; Omrak et al., 2016), indicating a likely Near Eastern connection for at least some of the Verteba population. We also find haplogroup U4 in individual VC034, common in both Mesolithic hunter-gatherers (Skoglund et al., 2014) and Bronze Age steppe pastoralists (Allentoft et al., 2015). This observation may indicate some biological continuity with local hun"ter-gatherers. However, VC034 was found in the same location as VC029, who has haplogroup W, which is rare among Mesolithic groups. This finding likely indicates a connection with later Bronze Age peoples from the Eurasian steppe, rather than with local hunter-gatherers."
So, possibly a few late incoming steppe mtDna, but basically Neolithic farmer similar to to other European Neolithic farmers. If these are the only samples we're likely ever to get for these people, I sure hope they try to get yDna.