De Novo mutations

Angela

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There doesn't seem to be a difference by "race", but the Amish do seem to have fewer of them.

See:
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/553214v1

"Well, with "pure" foods, no alcohol, no tobacco, no drugs, no electricity, no diesel or gas fumes, one could see how they might have a less mutagenic environment. That's generally a good thing, because most mutations are either harmful or neutral, but there can be good mutations too. Also, whatever benefit they get from that is outweighed by all the genetic diseases because of inbreeding.

"[FONT=&quot]de novo Mutations (DNMs), or mutations that appear in an individual despite not being seen in their parents, are an important source of genetic variation whose impact is relevant to studies of human evolution, genetics, and disease. Utilizing high-coverage whole genome sequencing data as part of the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program, we directly estimate and analyze DNM counts, rates, and spectra from 1,465 trios across an array of diverse human populations. Using the resulting call set of 86,865 single nucleotide DNMs, we find a significant positive correlation between local recombination rate and local DNM rate, which together can explain up to 35.5% of the genome-wide variation in population level rare genetic variation from 41K unrelated TOPMed samples. While genome-wide heterozygosity does correlate weakly with DNM count, we do not find significant differences in DNM rate between individuals of European, African, and Latino ancestry, nor across ancestrally distinct segments within admixed individuals. However, interestingly, we do find significantly fewer DNMs in Amish individuals compared with other Europeans, even after accounting for parental age and sequencing center. Specifically, we find significant reductions in the number of T→C mutations in the Amish, which seems to underpin their overall reduction in DNMs. Finally, we calculate near-zero estimates of narrow sense heritability (h2), which suggest that variation in DNM rate is significantly shaped by non-additive genetic effects and/or the environment, and that a less mutagenic environment may be responsible for the reduced DNM rate in the Amish."



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