Angela
Elite member
- Messages
- 21,823
- Reaction score
- 12,329
- Points
- 113
- Ethnic group
- Italian
See:
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30059-3#secsectitle0080
Basically, the authors believe it's higher than we thought.
"[h=2]Highlights[/h]
[h=2]Summary[/h]Admixture has played a prominent role in shaping patterns of human genomic variation, including gene flow with now-extinct hominins like Neanderthals and Denisovans. Here, we describe a novel probabilistic method called IBDmix to identify introgressed hominin sequences, which, unlike existing approaches, does not use a modern reference population. We applied IBDmix to 2,504 individuals from geographically diverse populations to identify and analyze Neanderthal sequences segregating in modern humans. Strikingly, we find that African individuals carry a stronger signal of Neanderthal ancestry than previously thought. We show that this can be explained by genuine Neanderthal ancestry due to migrations back to Africa, predominately from ancestral Europeans, and gene flow into Neanderthals from an early dispersing group of humans out of Africa. Our results refine our understanding of Neanderthal ancestry in African and non-African populations and demonstrate that remnants of Neanderthal genomes survive in every modern human population studied to date.
[h=2]Graphical Abstract[/h]
Razib Khan's piece on it:
https://www.gnxp.com/WordPress/2020...e-flow/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
"Whether you believe this paper on its own is conditional on how deeply you can grok the methods. Honestly I don’t know if I trust myself to render any judgment until I’ve replicated the whole analysis pipeline. Intuition doesn’t come from a priori.That being said, in light of other factors and our general understanding of hominin gene flow this is a highly plausible result. They conclude that “A model that combines both of these events, elevated back migration and human-to-Neanderthal gene flow, matches the empirical data best across all features.” Gene flow from neo-African modern humans into Neanderthals seems very likely. Similarly, it is quite possible that there was widespread Eurasian back migration into Africa. But, that back migration was West Eurasian.
The “problem” with the older models is that it simply assumed that groups such as the Yoruba had no Neanderthal ancestry, presupposing a particular model of paleoanthropological gene flow where Africa is purely a source, rather than also a sink. Assume nothing!"
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30059-3#secsectitle0080
Basically, the authors believe it's higher than we thought.
"[h=2]Highlights[/h]
- •IBDmix detects archaic ancestry without using a modern human reference population
- •African individuals have a stronger Neanderthal ancestry signal than previously thought
- •Evidence of back-to-Africa migrations contributing to Neanderthal ancestry in Africans
- •Variation in non-African Neanderthal ancestry has been overestimated
[h=2]Summary[/h]Admixture has played a prominent role in shaping patterns of human genomic variation, including gene flow with now-extinct hominins like Neanderthals and Denisovans. Here, we describe a novel probabilistic method called IBDmix to identify introgressed hominin sequences, which, unlike existing approaches, does not use a modern reference population. We applied IBDmix to 2,504 individuals from geographically diverse populations to identify and analyze Neanderthal sequences segregating in modern humans. Strikingly, we find that African individuals carry a stronger signal of Neanderthal ancestry than previously thought. We show that this can be explained by genuine Neanderthal ancestry due to migrations back to Africa, predominately from ancestral Europeans, and gene flow into Neanderthals from an early dispersing group of humans out of Africa. Our results refine our understanding of Neanderthal ancestry in African and non-African populations and demonstrate that remnants of Neanderthal genomes survive in every modern human population studied to date.
[h=2]Graphical Abstract[/h]
Razib Khan's piece on it:
https://www.gnxp.com/WordPress/2020...e-flow/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
"Whether you believe this paper on its own is conditional on how deeply you can grok the methods. Honestly I don’t know if I trust myself to render any judgment until I’ve replicated the whole analysis pipeline. Intuition doesn’t come from a priori.That being said, in light of other factors and our general understanding of hominin gene flow this is a highly plausible result. They conclude that “A model that combines both of these events, elevated back migration and human-to-Neanderthal gene flow, matches the empirical data best across all features.” Gene flow from neo-African modern humans into Neanderthals seems very likely. Similarly, it is quite possible that there was widespread Eurasian back migration into Africa. But, that back migration was West Eurasian.
The “problem” with the older models is that it simply assumed that groups such as the Yoruba had no Neanderthal ancestry, presupposing a particular model of paleoanthropological gene flow where Africa is purely a source, rather than also a sink. Assume nothing!"