halfalp
Regular Member
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- Ethnic group
- Swiss
- Y-DNA haplogroup
- R-L2
- mtDNA haplogroup
- J1c5a
Could have been and was done without much admixture along the way, hop-scotching via Crete -> Sicily -> Sardinia -> Iberia. The establishment of the Iberian "entrepots" has been theorized as part of the chalcolithic expansion in search of new sources for copper (with the Balkan copper mines being worked out). If M269 was a smith or prospector, he would have had special skills. Or he could have been a trader (establishing a "trading post"). While no copper mines from before 3,000 BCE have been found, that doesn't mean they didn't exist. If a trader/smith, he needn't have mined it, but could have traded finished tools for raw ore and other items.
Vila Nova de Sao Pedro was "ground-zero" for megalithism and is within reach of many copper and tin mines in western and northwestern Iberia. It is also on the way to Cornwall, where copper and tin mining became the likely source of wealth that paid for Stonehenge (from c. 3,100 BCE).
The idea of R1b originating in an ice-age "refuge" south of the Pyrenees has been disproved.
Immigration up the Danube (or across the Carpathians) is possible, but the Yamnaya CHG-component (Yamnaya = Khvalynsk + CHG) might not have been present in Sredny Stog or Suvorova, with their expansion that collapsed "Old Europe" and opened the lower Danube dating from c. 4,000 BCE. Yamnaya don't show up at the Dnieper Rapids until after the collapse of "Old Europe" - they could have been the force that shoved the Suvorova off the steppe. Any Suvorova leading-edge would have had to transit already settled lands (Global Amphora, for instance).
Just want to add, that: Nothing is never disproved in Genetic studies. I wouldn't take too much conclusions about were paleolithic lineages were at some point. When there was a paper about LBK few years ago and that an Hungarian Farmer seemed to show the earliest form of I1 ever. I swear people started to talk about I1 coming from Anatolia or what not. And now there is an Azilian I1 from Spain, wich was always a deduction from a lot of people. Villabruna is just a sample and an age, not the whole story of R1b. R1b in Solutrean is still a deduction that a lot of people made over the years, and not so much related to the mainstream Solutrean Hypothesis. Solutrean and Swiderian samples would be interesting to confirm or infirm some of those deductions.