Population structure in Italy using ancient and modern samples

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Jovialis

"we analysed around 700 South Mediterranean genomes"

These are modern samples, Salento, is there anything you can do to obtain them?

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888754322001501?via%3Dihub#bb0085

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... they have a spreadsheet listing many samples from many papers, it might take a while, ... some might be duplicates of samples we already had.

Code:

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ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013,7.93,0,2.44,0,29.54,16.30,0.05,0.65,11.17,0,31.92,0
ItalyAbruzzo13_Behar_2013,8.46,0,2.77,0,31.93,16.49,0,0,11.85,0,28.50,0
ItalyAbruzzo14_Behar_2013,6.37,0.23,1.17,0.29,30.67,15.60,0,0.42,12.82,0,32.37,0.04
ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013,7.81,0.38,3.26,0,29.22,17.66,0,0,10.76,0,30.91,0
ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013,7.45,0.39,2.50,0.27,28.89,17.92,0,0,10.86,0,31.73,0
ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013,6.78,0.41,2.38,0,29.99,17.91,0.21,0.36,11.98,0,29.97,0
ItalyAbruzzo19_Behar_2013,9.16,0,2.05,0,29.78,17.49,0.01,0,11.99,0.56,28.86,0.10
ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013,8.63,0,2.55,0,28.77,18.04,0,0.36,10.36,0.50,30.79,0
ItalyAbruzzo21_Behar_2013,7.38,0,1.54,0,33.31,16.82,0.28,0.06,11.27,0.11,28.93,0.32
ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013,6.90,0,2.69,0.26,30.81,15.99,0.51,0,9.90,0.49,32.46,0
ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013,6.77,0,2.43,0,28.77,18.94,0,0.04,11.45,0,31.59,0
C-Sicily50_Behar_2013,6.22,0.50,3.62,0,27.78,14.29,0,0.96,12.97,0.12,32.19,1.35
C-Sicily57_Behar_2013,5.88,0.14,4.31,0.30,25.95,15.11,0.24,0.81,13.24,0,34.01,
Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013,8.11,0,4.73,0,29.88,12.05,0,0.88,11.66,0,32.68,0
Ag-Sicily8_Behar_2013,7.44,0.30,5.18,0.40,27.65,13.74,0.05,0.70,12.31,0,31.71,0.52
E-Sicily18_Behar_2013,4.57,0,4.55,0,28.22,14.85,0.37,0,15.10,0.38,31.41,0.56
W-Sicily1_Behar_2013,7.27,0,4.47,0,28.58,13.24,0,1.03,10.76,0,34.42,0.23
W-Sicily3_Behar_2013,6.69,0.09,4.53,0,28.83,12.64,0,0.47,12.19,0.18,34.27,0.12
W-Sicily4_Behar_2013,6.29,0,3.76,0,31.55,13.88,0,0,12.43,0.46,30.79,0.86
W-Sicily5a_Behar_2013,8.76,0,3.46,0.89,26.50,13.84,0,1.77,11.65,0.13,33.00,0
W-Sicily5b_Behar_2013,4.78,0,3.80,0.83,26.41,15.35,0,0.33,12.18,0,35.60,0.72
W-Sicily7_Behar_2013,5.95,0.23,2.89,0.61,31.36,14.20,0,0,12.77,0.12,31.54,0.33
W-Sicily9_Behar_2013,7.47,0.24,4.26,0,28.88,13.07,0,0.77,14.72,0,30.48,0.10
W-Sicily21_Behar_2013,7.06,0,4.17,0.98,27.98,11.07,0.07,2.67,11.80,0,33.88,0.32
SR23_Busby_2015,4.46,0.74,4.22,1.15,27.25,14.39,0,0.56,12.10,0,35.14,0
SR44_Busby_2015,6.34,0,3.34,0,26.31,16.59,2.66,0,13.18,0,31.58,0
SR48R_Busby_2015,7.10,0.63,3.01,1.31,30.38,15.98,0.27,0,11.62,0,28.51,1.21
SR64_Busby_2015,7.97,0,3.45,0,29.75,13.44,0,2.33,12.10,0,30.48,0.48
TP04_Busby_2015,5.79,0,3.08,0,28.73,18.49,0.78,0.43,11.03,0,30.21,1.46
TP05_Busby_2015,7.76,0,7.31,0,29.40,11.85,0,0,9.38,1.31,32.10,0.89
TP06_Busby_2015,5.05,0,5.42,0.18,29.97,17.93,0,0,9.93,0,30.54,0.98
TP07_Busby_2015,8.32,0.77,5.64,0,26.41,12.48,1.43,2.69,11.62,0,30.64,0
TP08_Busby_2015,4.24,0.57,5.24,0.11,31.12,15.86,0.66,0.70,8.79,0.72,31.22,0.77
TP25_Busby_2015,7.66,0,4.75,1.83,31.62,13.02,0,0,10.63,0,29.49,1
SR60_Busby_2015,5.07,0,5.64,0,27.22,15.93,0,0.20,11.48,0,33.31,1.15

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Quote:

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Originally Posted by Salento

... they have a spreadsheet listing many samples from many papers, it might take a while, ... some might be duplicates of samples we already had.

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You're right, for the Italians many are surely duplicates (North Italian/Bergamo HGDP, TSI, Sardinian HGDP... also some south Italian sample is also a duplicate). The new ones are some Greek samples, such as Achea, Argolis, Elis, Corinthia, North Tsakonia, South Tsakonia, Arcadia, Messenia, West Taygetos, East Taygetos, Laconia, Deep Mani.

It would be cool to the new ones if possible.

Salento: Buona Domenica. Great work again. I quickly took the coordinates from your post #946 and combined them with the earlier version of the modern Italian samples. I kept only the samples from Abruzzo and Sicily. There are some duplicates but still some new samples. The W-Sicily 7, West-Sicily-4 and TP-25 (Trapani) are all new samples which I get close distances to. The SR48_Bugsby2015r (Syracuse I would assume) is another close match and new one. Seems the Behar 2013 are duplicates and Bugsby 2015 samples are the new ones. Great work again and thanks again for putting these modern academic samples into one database.

Distance to:	PalermoTrapani_ANCESTRY
1.79596771	W-Sicily7_Behar_2013
1.88369318	W-Sicily4_Behar_2013
2.74534151	SR64_Busby_2015
2.74534151	Siracusa:SR64_LazaridisNat2014
2.88128444	Abruzzo:Alp380
2.88513431	Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013
2.88513431	Ag-Sicily:5
2.97045451	W-Sicily9_Behar_2013
2.97045451	W-Sicily:9
3.07784015	Abruzzo:Alp090
3.36884253	Ag-Sicily8_Behar_2013
3.36884253	Ag-Sicily:8
3.47981321	C-Sicily50_Behar_2013
3.47981321	C-Sicily:50
3.53990113	ItalyAbruzzo14_Behar_2013
3.62692707	W-Sicily3_Behar_2013
3.62692707	W-Sicily:3
3.71638265	TP25_Busby_2015
3.81167942	Abruzzo:Alp503
3.83469686	ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013
4.16391643	ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013
4.27519590	W-Sicily1_Behar_2013
4.27519590	W-Sicily:1
4.36253367	SR48R_Busby_2015
4.44958425	E-Sicily18_Behar_2013
4.44958425	E-Sicily:18
4.90147937	ItalyAbruzzo13_Behar_2013
4.97591198	ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013
4.97730851	ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013
5.01247444	W-Sicily21_Behar_2013
5.01247444	W-Sicily:21
5.05732143	W-Sicily5a_Behar_2013
5.05732143	W-Sicily:5a
5.15226164	Abruzzo:ALP205
5.28343638	Abruzzo:Alp616
5.29267418	ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013
5.44095580	Abruzzo:Alp162
5.51926626	SR60_Busby_2015
5.51926626	Siracusa:SR60_LazaridisNat2014
5.56050357	Abruzzo:Alp140
5.66633038	TP05_Busby_2015
5.66633038	Trapani:TP05_LazaridisNat2014
5.66649804	C-Sicily57_Behar_2013
5.68560463	ItalyAbruzzo19_Behar_2013
5.72960732	SR23_Busby_2015
5.73702885	ItalyAbruzzo21_Behar_2013
5.74471061	TP08_Busby_2015
5.80655664	TP07_Busby_2015
5.80655664	Trapani:TP07_LazaridisNat2014
5.88855670	ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013
5.96341345	SR44_Busby_2015
5.98609221	TP06_Busby_2015
6.03721790	ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013
6.09758149	TP04_Busby_2015
6.57307386	W-Sicily5b_Behar_2013
6.79867634	Abruzzo:ALP161

… yes PT, … I’ve been redundant :) though the Abruzzesi were new to us, I suspect? … they belong with previously posted Sicilians, I figure they should be together.

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Jovialis

It would be cool to the new ones if possible.

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the one listed by Pax - I think they are not publicly available or I just couldn’t find them.
Most other Italians would be redundant and similar with the ones we already have, I guess.

… there is another list of Italians using a non linear and different alleles format which we need to figure out how to convert to a standard format.

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Salento

the one listed by Pax - I think they are not publicly available or I just couldn’t find them.
Most other Italians would be redundant and similar with the ones we already have, I guess.

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I will look for them tomorrow; they must have been released, perhaps in a previous study.

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Pax Augusta

You're right, for the Italians many are surely duplicates (North Italian/Bergamo HGDP, TSI, Sardinian HGDP... also some south Italian sample is also a duplicate). The new ones are some Greek samples, such as Achea, Argolis, Elis, Corinthia, North Tsakonia, South Tsakonia, Arcadia, Messenia, West Taygetos, East Taygetos, Laconia, Deep Mani.

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@Salento, indeed, I saw them and I'm going to check them out now. But I was actually referring to these samples in bold.

Here are my results using the new additions:

Distance to:	Jovialis
1.36923336	ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013
1.66129468	ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013
1.71953482	ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013
1.94663813	ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013
2.75210828	ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013
2.82391572	ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013
3.41641625	ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013
3.78219513	TP04_Busby_2015
3.97039041	ItalyAbruzzo19_Behar_2013
4.28499708	TP06_Busby_2015
4.67142377	ItalyAbruzzo14_Behar_2013
4.67279360	SR48R_Busby_2015
4.77744702	ItalyAbruzzo13_Behar_2013
5.08283386	Ag-Sicily8_Behar_2013
5.21470996	SR64_Busby_2015
5.23111843	SR60_Busby_2015
5.24194620	C-Sicily50_Behar_2013
5.26858615	W-Sicily5a_Behar_2013
5.27725307	W-Sicily1_Behar_2013
5.31319113	W-Sicily7_Behar_2013
5.41809930	W-Sicily4_Behar_2013
5.46488792	TP08_Busby_2015
5.47620306	SR44_Busby_2015
5.57361642	ItalyAbruzzo21_Behar_2013
5.87851172	Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013

Here are my results combining the new additions with the previous Italians.

9 out of 10 top matches are Abruzzo, and one Molise. Apulians seem to range all over the South, so it makes sense.

Distance to:	Jovialis
1.36923336	ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013
1.66129468	ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013
1.71953482	ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013
1.85132385	Molise:PG26_Molise
1.94663813	ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013
2.16529444	Abruzzo:Alp140
2.71775643	Abruzzo:Alp090
2.73558038	Abruzzo:Alp616
2.75210828	ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013
2.82391572	ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013
2.89611809	Apulia:cera1
2.91856129	Apulia:cera2
3.19426048	Umbria:PG06
3.32980480	Molise:PG27
3.34511584	Apulia:cera8
3.38212951	Lazio:NOR28
3.39328749	Marche:MarABY030D
3.41641625	ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013
3.47597468	Marche:MarACO100D
3.49479613	Apulia:Pu45
3.70070264	Abruzzo:Alp503
3.77326119	Abruzzo:ALP161
3.78219513	TP04_Busby_2015
3.80215728	Marche:MarACY030D
3.80621860	Apulia:cera9

https://i.imgur.com/y4OKNmZ.png

SR and TP are Siracusa and Trapani?

… yes Jovialis, Trapani and Siracusa.

Salento and Jovialis: Here are my distances for the new samples (I included all 35). I get close distances from samples all over Sicily and from Abruzzo as well. What is also interesting is that I get really close with W-Sicily7 and 4 from Behar 2013 but W-Sicily 5b is more distant at 6.57 (not horrible). Kind of indicates that in the past, some of the samples selected to be included in population averages for moderns can be skewed if they are solely selected from 1 side of the distribution, i.e. a Bell shaped curve with population mean that is statistically valid (random sample or N large enough for central limit theorem to hold).

Jovialis, regarding your K8 model, I just quickly ran the new Sicilian samples and the goodness of fit average is 0.86, which is really good. It is quite apparent to me that your K8 model approximates what Raveane et al 2019 reported in "Population structure of modern-day Italians reveals patterns of ancient and archaic ancestries in Southern Europe" Figure 2 quite well. I noticed over at Gene expressions some yahoo was taking issue with your model and that poster threw in a few lets say interesting attempts at humor. Keep up the excellent work.

Distance to:	PalermoTrapani_ANCESTRY
1.79596771	W-Sicily7_Behar_2013
1.88369318	W-Sicily4_Behar_2013
2.74534151	SR64_Busby_2015
2.88513431	Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013
2.97045451	W-Sicily9_Behar_2013
3.36884253	Ag-Sicily8_Behar_2013
3.47981321	C-Sicily50_Behar_2013
3.53990113	ItalyAbruzzo14_Behar_2013
3.62692707	W-Sicily3_Behar_2013
3.71638265	TP25_Busby_2015
3.83469686	ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013
4.16391643	ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013
4.27519590	W-Sicily1_Behar_2013
4.36253367	SR48R_Busby_2015
4.44958425	E-Sicily18_Behar_2013
4.90147937	ItalyAbruzzo13_Behar_2013
4.97591198	ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013
4.97730851	ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013
5.01247444	W-Sicily21_Behar_2013
5.05732143	W-Sicily5a_Behar_2013
5.29267418	ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013
5.51926626	SR60_Busby_2015
5.66633038	TP05_Busby_2015
5.66649804	C-Sicily57_Behar_2013
5.68560463	ItalyAbruzzo19_Behar_2013
5.72960732	SR23_Busby_2015
5.73702885	ItalyAbruzzo21_Behar_2013
5.74471061	TP08_Busby_2015
5.80655664	TP07_Busby_2015
5.88855670	ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013
5.96341345	SR44_Busby_2015
5.98609221	TP06_Busby_2015
6.03721790	ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013
6.09758149	TP04_Busby_2015
6.57307386	W-Sicily5b_Behar_2013

out of curiosity :bigsmile: Ashkenazy and Sephardic samples in our list were collected in:

ashkenazy1w Austria
ashkenazy2e Belorussia
ashkenazy2w Austria
ashkenazy3e Latvia
ashkenazy3w Austria
ashkenazy4e Latvia
ashkenazy4w France
ashkenazy5e Latvia
ashkenazy6w Germany
ashkenazy7e Poland
ashkenazy7w Germany
ashkenazy8e Poland
ashkenazy8w Netherlands
ashkenazy9e Poland
ashkenazy9w Netherlands
sephardic10tur Turkey
sephardic11bel Portugal
sephardic12bul Bulgaria
sephardic13bul Bulgaria
sephardic14bul Bulgaria
sephardic15bul Bulgaria
sephardic16bul Bulgaria
sephardic17bul Bulgaria
sephardic18bul Bulgaria
sephardic19bul Bulgaria
sephardic1tur Turkey
sephardic2tur Turkey
sephardic3tur Turkey
sephardic4tur Turkey
sephardic5tur Turkey
sephardic6tur Turkey
sephardic7tur Turkey
sephardic8tur Turkey
sephardic9tur Turkey

... some modern Serbia, Kosovo, Bosnia, Montenegro, Macedonia, ... The Genetic Structure of Western Balkan Populations Based on Autosomal and...

Code:

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Bosnian_10,3.06,0.44,0,0.55,27.00,42.48,0,0.33,4.98,0,21.15,0
Bosnian_11,5.64,0.03,0.96,0,25.33,42.04,0,0,4.77,0,21.23,0
Bosnian_12,5.24,0.63,0.40,0,25.12,43.50,0.64,0,5.50,0,18.96,0
Bosnian_13,5.51,0,0.23,0,25.26,41.18,1.93,0,5.16,0,20.73,0
Bosnian_14,4.40,1.23,0,0.54,25.72,42.67,0,0,4.39,0,21.04,0
Bosnian_15,5.01,0.20,1.81,0,27.25,47.94,0,0,2.84,0,14.89,0.06
Bosnian_16,5.95,0,0.44,0,27.26,39.69,0.52,0,4.98,0,21.15,0
Bosnian_2,4.84,0.29,0,0,25.16,44.53,0.93,0.14,3.38,0.19,20.54,0
Bosnian_3,5.54,0.23,0.75,0.42,26.23,39.63,0.49,0,3.24,0.09,23.39,0
Bosnian_4,4.08,1.33,0.36,0,24.07,44.11,0,0.16,4.94,0,20.95,0
Bosnian_5,4.60,0.64,0,0,26.63,44.10,1.12,0,4.45,0,18.40,0.08
Bosnian_7,4.52,1.31,0.93,0.13,23.41,44.39,0.12,0.08,5.11,0,20,0
Bosnian_8,5.01,0.62,0,0,27.23,42.26,0.73,0.08,5.04,0.09,18.95,0
Kosovo1,5.40,0.63,0.60,0,30.94,24.44,0,0,7.22,0,30.63,0.14
Kosovo11,5.19,1.12,1.28,0,28.15,27.51,0,0,7.60,0.11,29.04,0
Kosovo12,7.44,0,1.12,0,28.84,27.85,1.71,0,7.53,0,25.49,0
Kosovo14,4.96,0,0,0,31.77,28.45,0,0,5.97,0,28.85,0
Kosovo16,6.85,0,0.46,0.39,29.54,26.37,0.27,0,7.17,0,28.95,0
Kosovo18,7.62,0.02,1.15,0,26.29,28.10,0.22,0,9.87,0,26.73,0
Kosovo7,4.68,0.17,0.35,0.54,29.29,26.60,0,0.09,8.87,0,29.41,0
Kosovo8,6.84,0.11,1.01,0,28.83,25.39,0,0,6.35,0.39,31.08,0
Macedonian12,6.37,0.52,0.85,0,23.90,34.46,0,0,7.66,0,26.24,0
Macedonian17b-d,4.48,0.12,1.17,0,27.66,31.85,0,0,7.43,0.72,26.58,0
Macedonian19,5.08,0.81,0,0,28.13,33.31,0.18,0,6.54,0.08,25.86,0
Macedonian20,7.09,0,0.58,0.32,24.55,35.80,0.65,0,5.13,0,25.87,0
Macedonian21,5.84,0.74,0,0.16,27.94,34.32,0.64,0.03,4.07,0.12,26.09,0.05
Macedonian3,5.71,0.48,0,0.03,24.75,42.82,0.02,0,5.45,0.06,20.68,0
Macedonian7,5.82,0,0.51,0.35,26.79,35.95,0,0,6.99,0,23.60,0
Montenegro1,5.47,0,1.35,0.29,27.51,35.26,0.71,0,5.82,0.20,23.41,0
Montenegro14,6.57,0.54,0.61,0,30.38,33.27,0,0,7.70,0,20.93,0
Montenegro15,3.48,0.87,0.56,0,28.64,35.21,0,0,6.61,0,24.63,0
Montenegro17,4.11,0,1.23,0,25.54,37.23,0.02,0,5.81,1.10,24.96,0
Montenegro19,3.56,0.53,1.05,0,28.99,35.17,0,0.09,5.63,0.17,24.82,0
Montenegro20,5.16,0.70,0.68,0.28,29.88,34.38,0.18,0,5.35,0,23.38,0
Montenegro21,4.91,0.81,0,0,28.76,33.68,0.23,0,6.63,0,24.98,0
Montenegro4,5.56,0.28,0,0.42,28.98,40.14,0,0,3.79,0,20.78,0.05
Montenegro5,5.48,1.19,0.29,0.43,28.82,38.25,0,0,5.60,0.61,19.32,0
Montenegro6,5.47,0.48,0.61,0.25,30.05,35.82,0,0,6.85,0.20,20.29,0
Montenegro9,5.99,1.24,0.43,0,28.02,35.38,0.96,0,4.82,0,23.16,0
Serbia1,3.87,0.50,0.47,0,28.19,40.13,1.11,0,4.52,0,21.21,0
Serbia10,5.52,1.41,0.79,0,28.41,33.37,0.52,0,7.09,0,22.90,0
Serbia16,4.65,1.52,0.18,0,27.60,40.31,0.14,0,4.84,0.26,20.49,0
Serbia18,0.53,1.14,0.74,0.79,26.61,37.64,1.15,0,5.43,0,25.93,0.04
Serbia19,4.53,0.66,1.11,0,26.88,40.49,0.51,0,5.61,0.19,20.02,0
Serbia2,3.95,0.88,1.37,0,28.34,35.40,1.08,0,5.53,0,23.44,0
Serbia3,3.16,0.82,0.16,0.23,25.70,39.16,0,0,4.33,0.68,25.75,0
Serbia4,5.99,0.88,0.86,0,27.69,33.32,0.25,0,5.21,0.65,25.14,0
Serbia5,4.24,1.33,0.13,0,27.73,36.76,0,0.34,3.28,0.33,25.86,0
Serbia6,6.50,0.55,0.49,0.99,25.64,39.61,0.23,0,5.81,0,20.20,0
Serbia7,4.86,1.05,1.11,0.44,27.75,37.80,0.17,0,4.40,0.45,21.96,0
Serbia9,6.32,0,0.16,0,26.15,38.03,0.49,0,5.49,0,23.36,0
Serbian_B-H11_in_Bosnia-Hertzegovina,6.32,0.91,0,0.18,24.73,43.84,1.22,0,5.15,0,17.64,0
Serbian_B-H4_in_Bosnia-Hertzegovina,3.92,0.72,0.35,0.21,28.27,43.45,0.65,0,3.67,0,18.77,0
Serbian_B-H7_in_Bosnia-Hertzegovina,2.71,0.28,0,0,28.08,41.92,0,0.05,5.06,0,21.91,0
Serbian_B-H9_in_Bosnia-Hertzegovina,4.75,0,0,0.63,28.16,41.17,0,0,5.19,1.20,18.89,0

---

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ar...l.pone.0105090

Great work once again, Salento!

Distance to:	Jovialis
8.86856245	Kosovo1
9.29981720	Kosovo8
10.41323197	Kosovo16
10.72360014	Kosovo7
11.53868277	Kosovo11
12.47563225	Kosovo18
12.86061429	Kosovo12
13.30911718	Kosovo14
16.33415746	Macedonian17b-d
18.05188356	Macedonian19
18.38612248	Serbia4
18.67171658	Montenegro21
19.03011561	Serbia10
19.19075298	Macedonian12
19.39474671	Macedonian21
19.74296330	Montenegro14
20.02962057	Montenegro20
20.34746913	Montenegro19
20.35888504	Montenegro15
20.61361201	Montenegro1
20.77116029	Macedonian20
21.02077782	Serbia2
21.05242266	Macedonian7
21.09559670	Montenegro9
22.10760503	Serbia5

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Salento

out of curiosity Ashkenazy and Sephardic samples in our list were collected in:


ashkenazy1w Austria
ashkenazy2e Belorussia
ashkenazy2w Austria
ashkenazy3e Latvia
ashkenazy3w Austria
ashkenazy4e Latvia
ashkenazy4w France
ashkenazy5e Latvia
ashkenazy6w Germany
ashkenazy7e Poland
ashkenazy7w Germany
ashkenazy8e Poland
ashkenazy8w Netherlands
ashkenazy9e Poland
ashkenazy9w Netherlands
sephardic10tur Turkey
sephardic11bel Portugal
sephardic12bul Bulgaria
sephardic13bul Bulgaria
sephardic14bul Bulgaria
sephardic15bul Bulgaria
sephardic16bul Bulgaria
sephardic17bul Bulgaria
sephardic18bul Bulgaria
sephardic19bul Bulgaria
sephardic1tur Turkey
sephardic2tur Turkey
sephardic3tur Turkey
sephardic4tur Turkey
sephardic5tur Turkey
sephardic6tur Turkey
sephardic7tur Turkey
sephardic8tur Turkey
sephardic9tur Turkey

---

:good_job: Salento

Distance to:	Duarte
3.46759753	94.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.80% Yemen:Yemen1
3.92769015	94.60% Portugal:Portugal13 + 5.40% Yemen:Yemen1
3.99881721	94.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.40% Jordan:Jordan444
4.25482403	94.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.40% SaudiA:SaudiA2
4.42105157	95.00% Portugal:Portugal13 + 5.00% Jordan:Jordan444
4.48433901	95.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.40% Yemen:Yemen3
4.48654320	95.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.40% Yemen:Yemen6
4.57856277	92.60% Portugal:Portugal6 + 7.40% Yemen:Yemen1
4.60076850	15.60% Corsica:CorsicaS15608 + 84.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.70932725	95.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.40% Yemen:Yemen2
4.80708071	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Yemen:Yemen7
4.82129406	7.80% TP05_Busby_2015 + 92.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.82129406	7.80% Trapani:TP05_LazaridisNat2014 + 92.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.82253112	8.80% TP25_Busby_2015 + 91.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.83238355	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Yemen:Yemen4
4.84072684	95.80% Portugal:Portugal13 + 4.20% SaudiA:SaudiA2
4.84626195	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Lebanon:Lebanon5
4.85460060	95.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.40% Syria:syria485
4.86018268	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Jordan:Jordan485
4.86315746	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Turkey:tur170
4.86480118	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Turkey:tur124
4.86571552	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Jordan:Jordan546
4.86711957	6.80% W-Sicily21_Behar_2013 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.86711957	6.80% W-Sicily:21 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.87056010	70.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 29.60% Portugal:Portugal2
4.87752032	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Jordan:Jordan603
4.87886782	95.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.20% Turkey:tur20
4.88044989	95.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.20% Syria:syria520
4.88343538	94.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.40% Sephardi:sephardic4tur
4.89115536	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Armernia:arm8
4.89131455	95.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.00% Sephardi:sephardic16bul
4.89334625	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Turkey:tur110
4.89342859	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Armernia:arm10
4.89381816	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Jordan:Jordan384
4.89393734	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Lebanon:Lebanon8
4.89441565	94.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.40% Sephardi:sephardic9tur
4.89768773	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Jordan:Jordan426
4.89779168	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Yemen:Yemen8
4.89816915	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Saudi:saudi1436
4.89908999	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Syria:syria1
4.90008066	97.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.00% Armernia:arm6
4.90047757	96.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.20% Armernia:arm5
4.90062643	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Jordan:Jordan503
4.90230423	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Turkey:tur277
4.90496537	96.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.20% Armernia:arm18
4.90857000	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Syria:syria10
4.90901703	6.60% Campania:NaN195ST + 93.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91052512	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Syria:syria361
4.91068335	97.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.00% Armernia:arm23
4.91149804	6.80% TP07_Busby_2015 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91149804	6.80% Trapani:TP07_LazaridisNat2014 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91203856	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Lebanon:Lebanon6
4.91212596	8.00% TP08_Busby_2015 + 92.00% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91236469	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Turkey:tur37
4.91302294	95.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.80% Sephardi:sephardic1tur
4.91484424	96.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.20% Armernia:arm26
4.91563078	97.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 2.80% Armernia:arm12
4.91579826	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Jordan:Jordan62
4.91659853	8.20% SR48R_Busby_2015 + 91.80% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91738219	97.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 2.80% Armernia:arm20
4.91744946	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Lebanon:Lebanon2
4.91833399	97.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.00% Armernia:arm4
4.91839320	7.40% SR64_Busby_2015 + 92.60% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91839320	7.40% Siracusa:SR64_LazaridisNat2014 + 92.60% Portugal:Portugal1
4.91853253	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Jordan:Jordan445
4.91865978	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Jordan:Jordan563
4.91897969	96.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.80% Jordan:Jordan382
4.91969535	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Lebanon:Lebanon4
4.92147077	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Armernia:arm11
4.92326847	95.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.20% Turkey:tur262
4.92344427	96.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.20% Armernia:arm19
4.92388570	95.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.20% Turkey:tur52
4.92457022	94.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 5.40% Sephardi:sephardic12bul
4.92540377	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Greece_Macedonia_o:GreeceMaced1
4.92740166	6.80% C-Sicily50_Behar_2013 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92740166	6.80% C-Sicily:50 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92811240	6.80% Ag-Sicily8_Behar_2013 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92811240	6.80% Ag-Sicily:8 + 93.20% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92853651	6.40% W-Sicily5a_Behar_2013 + 93.60% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92853651	6.40% W-Sicily:5a + 93.60% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92910917	6.40% W-Sicily1_Behar_2013 + 93.60% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92910917	6.40% W-Sicily:1 + 93.60% Portugal:Portugal1
4.92971032	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Syria:syria8
4.93021475	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Syria:syria298
4.93026590	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Jordan:Jordan560
4.93116903	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Armernia:arm9
4.93160694	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Turkey:tur84
4.93399025	95.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.60% Greece_Kos:GreeceKos8
4.93513099	96.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.00% Turkey:tur2
4.93571581	96.80% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.20% Armernia:arm17
4.93646529	6.60% Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013 + 93.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.93646529	6.60% Ag-Sicily:5 + 93.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.93699891	95.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.80% Sephardi:sephardic6tur
4.93733691	97.00% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.00% Armernia:arm3
4.93988244	96.40% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.60% Jordan:Jordan646
4.94175361	6.60% SR60_Busby_2015 + 93.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.94175361	6.60% Siracusa:SR60_LazaridisNat2014 + 93.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.94177753	5.60% Calabria:ALP582 + 94.40% Portugal:Portugal1
4.94224682	96.60% Portugal:Portugal1 + 3.40% Turkey:tur197
4.94347922	95.20% Portugal:Portugal1 + 4.80% Sephardi:sephardic18bul

I've sort of lost the plot so I'll have to go back and try to find the other coordinates. Thanks Salento. :)

Distance to:	Angela
12.14671972	Kosovo1
13.38750910	Kosovo14
13.95295668	Kosovo16
14.44534527	Kosovo8
14.51025844	Kosovo7
15.26153334	Kosovo12
15.55925448	Kosovo11
17.84257268	Kosovo18
18.42842098	Macedonian17b-d
18.79448323	Montenegro14
19.14214460	Montenegro20
19.14937075	Montenegro21
19.21753106	Macedonian19
19.42374578	Serbia10
19.50516598	Serbia4
20.09329490	Montenegro19
20.14152924	Macedonian21
20.42779479	Montenegro15
20.78610834	Serbia2
20.99903807	Montenegro6
21.13484327	Montenegro9
21.17840882	Montenegro1
22.25042022	Serbia5
22.25897347	Macedonian7
23.02014770	Macedonian12

Not my group, clearly.

Not that much better:

Distance to:	Angela
10.29025753	ItalyAbruzzo21_Behar_2013
11.90679638	ItalyAbruzzo13_Behar_2013
11.98841107	TP08_Busby_2015
12.71835681	TP06_Busby_2015
12.85875966	ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013
12.90065115	SR48R_Busby_2015
13.13537209	TP25_Busby_2015
13.16600547	ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013
13.45773384	W-Sicily4_Behar_2013
13.75745616	ItalyAbruzzo19_Behar_2013
13.77992017	W-Sicily7_Behar_2013
13.78993836	TP04_Busby_2015
13.80142022	ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013
14.15748565	ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013
14.25281727	ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013
14.25840805	ItalyAbruzzo14_Behar_2013
14.26076085	ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013
14.36989562	ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013
15.08224121	SR64_Busby_2015
16.08740190	Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013
16.16724466	TP05_Busby_2015
16.77179179	W-Sicily1_Behar_2013
16.82153382	C-Sicily50_Behar_2013
16.84593126	SR60_Busby_2015
16.93869239	W-Sicily9_Behar_2013

A lot of Abruzzo is clearly more northern than the rest of the South. It makes sense. Also interesting how similar northern Puglia is to it.

What incredible variation we have in Italy. In other parts of the world they kill each other when they're genetically like 2nd cousins.

Political boundaries in Italy don't match the genetic boundaries.

More in the ballpark, but still not great. Perhaps because there's no Emilian or Eastern Ligurian samples? Still don't understand the Corsica matches. Some French ancestry in some of those samples? I'm very far west on PCAs. Or perhaps because some of the Corsicans are from the coast and have ancestry from Liguria and northern Toscana? Like Napoleone, whose oldest family seat is across the Magra from where my mother was born?


Is there a way I can examine these samples more closely? Are they on any of the PCAs by number?

Distance to:	Angela
3.03352930	Corsica:CorsicaS04208
3.74296674	TSI30
4.07762186	Corsica:CorsicaS29908
4.12169868	Lombardy:BGD31_Lombardy
4.16088933	Corsica:Corsica29708
4.31811301	Tuscany:Tuscany98
4.32551731	Corsica:CorsicaS03308
4.59341921	Corsica:CorsicaS10208
4.62110376	Trentino-Alto-Adige:ALP114
4.66352871	Corsica:corsica29008
4.72634108	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01162
4.77855627	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01155
4.89772396	Corsica:Corsica24508
4.92195083	Lombardy:BGD301_Lombardy
4.96589368	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01163
5.14806760	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01167
5.52170264	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01172
5.63329389	Corsica_o:Corsica14708
5.71635373	Corsica:Corsica19508
5.76627263	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01168
5.76965337	Corsica:Corsica03708
5.85776408	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont149
6.09634317	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont43
6.09717968	Corsica:CorsicaS13808
6.18154511	Tuscany:VO65
6.22679693	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01177
6.30558483	Tuscany:Tuscany65
6.39665538	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont119
6.43815191	Umbria:PG08
6.44818579	Tuscany:Tuscany27
6.46058047	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01164
6.47928237	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01161
6.54887013	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01166
6.55823909	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01174
6.85763079	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont98
6.89233632	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01152
6.89848534	Corsica:corsica1308
6.93375800	Tuscany:MURLO114
7.01978632	Tuscan_HGDP:HGDP01169
7.12763635	Veneto:KF1800772
7.15986033	Corsica:CorsicaS15608
7.16769140	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont145
7.28999314	Tuscany:Tuscany38
7.40563299	Veneto:ALP040
7.46905617	Umbria:PG12
7.48586668	Lombardy:BGD28_Lombardy
7.58625731	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01157
7.61442710	Tuscany:Tuscany54
7.70445326	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01156
7.73679520	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01171
7.75944586	Liguria:ALP099
7.84105223	Lombardy:BGD103_Lombardy
8.03954601	Tuscany:Tuscany93
8.10570787	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont136
8.10839072	Veneto:ALP116
8.15638400	Marche:MarACW030D
8.40005952	Tuscany:Tuscany74
8.41772535	Tuscany:VO59
8.45947398	Marche:MarABI020D
8.50290539	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01173
8.52858722	N_Italy_HGDP:HGDP01153
8.76107870	Lombardy:ALP288
8.85215228	Lazio:PG28
8.95054188	Marche:MarADC050D
8.97648038	Marche:MarABU050D
9.06816409	Umbria:PG11
9.19212163	Albanian:AL12
9.21218215	Veneto:KF1803109
9.25663546	Piedmont:ItalyPiedmont63
9.31194931	Veneto:ALP209
9.31813286	N_Italy_HGDP:HG DP01147
9.58208746	Veneto:KF1800751
9.59945311	Marche:MarABG010D
9.89644886	Tuscany:VO109
9.95424533	Marche:MarABP050D

Well, I now officially claim all the greats of Florence from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance and beyond as my ancestors! :)

My bucket list had more of the Greek islands on it (and mainland), Istanbul and the ancient cities of Asia Minor, Israel, and now I guess I have to go to Corsica. :) Of course I'm going back once or twice a year again to Liguria and the Lunigiana (N.W. Toscana), as, even after all these years, that's home.

Btw, are these Piemonte samples the ones from the border area between Piemonte and Liguria? Would make perfect sense as they're really Ligurian.

Well, those people hiding out in the foothills of the Apennines and the Apennines themselves have kept a lot of their Copper Age EEF ancestry. It shows up for me in other analyses as well.

For those who've been following the discussion about how much Germanic ancestry there might be in people like the N.W. Tuscans, I guess it's about 10%. :)

Target: Angela Distance: 6.8659% / 0.06865937
24.6	Sardinia_HGDP
19.0	Tuscany
12.4	Veneto
10.8	Basilicata
8.4	GermanyB
6.2	Greece_Thessaly
3.0	Greece_NorthEast
2.4	Romania_o
2.2	Germany
2.0	Greece_Crete
1.6	Hungary
1.4	Greece_Macedonia_o
1.2	Slovenia
1.0	Cyprus
0.8	Greek_Thessaloniki
0.8	Marche
0.8	Piedmont
0.6	Greece_Central
0.4	Spain
0.2	Apulia
0.2	Turkey

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Angela

Not that much better:

Distance to:	Angela
10.29025753	ItalyAbruzzo21_Behar_2013
11.90679638	ItalyAbruzzo13_Behar_2013
11.98841107	TP08_Busby_2015
12.71835681	TP06_Busby_2015
12.85875966	ItalyAbruzzo22_Behar_2013
12.90065115	SR48R_Busby_2015
13.13537209	TP25_Busby_2015
13.16600547	ItalyAbruzzo17_Behar_2013
13.45773384	W-Sicily4_Behar_2013
13.75745616	ItalyAbruzzo19_Behar_2013
13.77992017	W-Sicily7_Behar_2013
13.78993836	TP04_Busby_2015
13.80142022	ItalyAbruzzo15_Behar_2013
14.15748565	ItalyAbruzzo20_Behar_2013
14.25281727	ItalyAbruzzo9_Behar_2013
14.25840805	ItalyAbruzzo14_Behar_2013
14.26076085	ItalyAbruzzo16_Behar_2013
14.36989562	ItalyAbruzzo23_Behar_2013
15.08224121	SR64_Busby_2015
16.08740190	Ag-Sicily5_Behar_2013
16.16724466	TP05_Busby_2015
16.77179179	W-Sicily1_Behar_2013
16.82153382	C-Sicily50_Behar_2013
16.84593126	SR60_Busby_2015
16.93869239	W-Sicily9_Behar_2013

A lot of Abruzzo is clearly more northern than the rest of the South. It makes sense. Also interesting how similar northern Puglia is to it.

What incredible variation we have in Italy. In other parts of the world they kill each other when they're genetically like 2nd cousins.

Political boundaries in Italy don't match the genetic boundaries.

---

Angela if you don't mind me asking, what are the ranges of those distances, from my screen looks like 11 to about 16/18, etc.

Salento: My results for Western Balkans Samples (Post 860). Excellent work again.

Distance to:	PalermoTrapani_ANCESTRY
12.79894136	Kosovo1
13.89447012	Kosovo8
14.43572305	Kosovo7
14.64423777	Kosovo16
15.63217515	Kosovo11
16.38913970	Kosovo18
16.76973166	Kosovo12
17.18742273	Kosovo14
20.23436681	Macedonian17b-d
22.03268481	Macedonian19
22.52220682	Serbia4
22.53221915	Montenegro21
22.72660555	Serbia10
23.15786475	Montenegro14
23.33456449	Macedonian12
23.65436746	Macedonian21
23.83446664	Montenegro20
24.10174060	Montenegro15
24.17500362	Montenegro19
24.54264248	Montenegro1
24.81982272	Serbia2
24.96276026	Macedonian7
25.09975896	Montenegro9
25.13141460	Macedonian20
25.85560094	Montenegro6

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Palermo Trapani

Angela if you don't mind me asking, what are the ranges of those distances, from my screen looks like 11 to about 16/18, etc.

---

Of course I don't mind. Sorry it's hard to read: 10.29 (Abruzzi) to 16.9 (West Sicily).

I have some better West Sicily samples, though: 12-13 and:

11.98841107	TP08_Busby_2015
12.71835681	TP06_Busby_2015

That's 11.9 and 12.7.

There's a lot more variety in these Southern Italian samples than I expected.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Angela

Of course I don't mind. Sorry it's hard to read: 10.29 (Abruzzi) to 16.9 (West Sicily).

I have some better West Sicily samples, though: 12-13 and:

11.98841107	TP08_Busby_2015
12.71835681	TP06_Busby_2015

That's 11.9 and 12.7.

There's a lot more variety in these Southern Italian samples than I expected.

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Thanks Angela. Just a friendly suggestion, did you adjust your gradient when you ran the Oracle program. I just set mine to 100 to clear up the resolution. It works on my computer like a charm.

Yes, there is some variety in those Samples. In my post 958, I am closer to some Abruzzo samples than some of the ones from Sicily and closer to some areas of Sicily for which none of my Great-Grandparents (1 Grandfather) were from (3rd closest is Syracuse SR64).