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From what I’ve researched, the earliest cyclopean constructions appeared in Sardinia around 1800 BC, developed by the Nuragic culture, mainly associated with haplogroups I2, G2, and M269> (and I don’t mind if U152 isn’t certified there yet—it’s probably already present). In the 18th dynasty of...

The Roman Catholic Empire and its adoption of a Semitic religion… 😂😂😂 We were the murderers of Christ by order of the Old Testament itself. Around year 0, the best-documented prophet from the East, carrier of haplogroup IJK*, claimed to be the King of Salem. That was a problem for the Jewish...

It is ironic that someone who today professes a religion imported during the Middle Ages (with all due respect to individual faith) dares to judge as “barbaric” the indigenous European cultures that existed thousands of years before Rome. In the Iberian Peninsula, for example, the “motillas”...

You are using genetic distortions and outdated maps (like Maciamo’s from 2015) to reinforce a narrative that reflects more of an ego issue than current scientific reality. If we’re going to talk about genetics seriously, it’s important to clarify a few basic points: R1b-L151, which emerged...

There are several types of “Celts.” The ones most culturally connected are those from Central Europe and the British Isles — Hallstatt, Unetice, and La Tène — but there are more lineages descending from the Bell Beakers. That’s why there are other groups like the Gaels, Lusitanians...

I believe the Bell Beakers were a trade network, mainly dealing in metals, linked by certain elite lineages placed in strategic locations who conquered half of Europe in just about 20 years around 2500 BC. They can’t really be defined as Hispanic, Gallic, or Italic, but I do think all of them...

The problem with the samples belonging to subclades prior to L151> is that they’re virtually nowhere to be found — especially P312, which appears right around 2500 BC in multiple places at once and already derived. I believe the Iberian Peninsula is the only region that has truly analyzed its...

M269 has three main branches: L23 has a well-established epicenter around the Black Sea, PF7562 in the Balkans, and L51 appears in Samara but at very late dates to be direct ancestors of P310 and L151. And the L151 and P310 individuals we know from northern Europe date from between 3000–2500...

Ethnogenesis of the Main European Y Genotype 1- Ca. 5000–4500 BCE A single Caucasian clan (L23) migrates north due to the overflow of the Black Sea (possible Black Sea deluge event, still debated). This group comes into contact with Pontic steppe populations and mixes with them. 2 - Ca...

Yes, I meant the year 4 AD, thanks for the correction—I hadn’t realized I mistranslated it. I meant after Christ, not before. The she-wolf of Rome symbolizes a priestess-prostitute who raised a pair of bastards as if they were princes, and they became kings. In this case, as you say...

Summary of the conclusion: Up until 1000 BC, we were all black in Europe, and then the “Indo-Europeans” from haplogroups J1, J2, R1a, T, and G2, who came from Iran, whitened all of Europe and civilized it through the Roman Empire, which everyone knows was founded by an Iranian??? It doesn’t...

Goat’s head… neck and body of a horse… limbs and tail of a lion… You have some very strange wolves in Iran. The seal is from the 4th century BC—most likely, Trajan told you the story of the she-wolf when he visited three centuries earlier.

In that part, I was specifically referring to the U152, which we can estimate numbered around 1 million by 0 AD (assuming the total population of Italy at the time was about 4 million), with around 4,000 surviving lines. From that bottleneck, only about 2,000 may have survived to this day. That...

Using Neolithic admixtures to analyze the Roman Empire period is anachronistic—it’s a tactic they use to avoid getting into trouble, but in the end, they end up getting completely tangled up. We know very well by now that the haplogroups with ancestry from Neolithic Iran are: J2-PF5116, T-M70...

What a garbage article. The Romans were Iranians? LOL U152 is the genetic backbone of the Italians. According to the online DNA companies, U152 has an estimated average birth date around 2600 BCE, BASED ON AN AVERAGE meant to please all their users. But if you look at the derived lines...

Yes… That’s what many Islamists on Twitter say. All of them experts, from the first to the last, in BAM file refinement.

Look, it’s not that I don’t trust autosomal DNA — what I don’t trust is how the so-called “experts” in archaeogenetics use PCAs to argue in their studies. In this specific case, we’re dealing with a sample with very low coverage, so the only thing that can be considered reliable is the...

You sound like an E-V13 crying because things didn’t turn out the way you dreamed.

What we absolutely cannot do is classify L151 as “Steppe” when its most directly documented empirical ancestors are a cousin of the Samara clade, separated by around 1000 years from the branch from which modern Europeans descend. And yet that’s the damn consensus everyone takes for granted...

When we reach 90%, it’s effectively comparable to 100%. Remember that all of us here still carry between 1–3% Neanderthal or Denisovan ancestry, which is “welded in” through recessive endogamy. Inbreeding is used to make alleles homozygous (XX) and avoid heterozygous combinations (Xx). The...