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Why Khazar and not pre-Khazar?

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Syrians_bringing_presents_in_the_tomb_of_Rekhmire_%28actual%29.jpg They have horses and the chariot, rhyta (not zoomorphic ones found later among Greeks and Iranics), more like the steatite "Minoan" ones in shape, amphorae etc I also think...

Maybe. But what has Catacomb culture have to do with it? Did they have chariots or wooden wagons? Do their wagon model has any parallels in Greece or the Balkans? The increase of 'Central Eastern European' ancestry can be important if there was an introduction of new Y-DNA lines. The chariot...

They say 'Central Eastern European'. We will see what they mean exactly. But Catacomb is not there. It will be important if there was an introduction of new Y-DNA lines or not. What similarities do you see between Greeks and Catacomb btw? Most can be superficial. What is the chariot complex? Did...

@adian808 μελάγχροες should be translated as 'dark' because it is a rather vague term and the translator imho should choose an equally vague term. Today we use the cognate word μελαγχρινός -η with a primary meaning brunet/ bunette. Then we take into account the context, which shows that...

The Baltic countries, Poland, Romania have armies and they spend above 2% of their GDP on defense. And Finland around 1.5%. Personally I don't believe Putin would attack and I also think that most NATO countries would help them but I don't believe they are unprepared either.

In Mariupol people cannot leave (about 200.000 people according to the Red Cross) and Russians and Ukrainians blame one another.

You should consider the possibility of influence of early Slavic (West Slavic) groups and people from N. Italy. My maternal grandmother from Messenia has an essentially adapted/corrupted Venetian name.

In Greece we have a local brand 'Goody's'. The parent company though is now owned by a Britain based private equity. KFC had failed too in Greece. Burger King King probably exists only in airports, only for tourists. There is also a Greek brand 'Mikel' that had tried to mimic and adapt the...

What is your source on Cretan E-V13?

Another Illyrian name that may be explained with taking into account Lithuanian imho is Ardiaei (w was lost word initially in Greek so it could descend from a root *ward- at least but either way in Latin it is attested as Vardiaei or Vardaei. Latvian: vārds (“name, word”) Lithuanian: var̃das...

The interesting (but off topic or not completely on topic) thing about Enchelei is that is that there was a "Mycenaean" with a probably related personal name See here: http://www.peiraeuspubliclibrary.com/names/europa/mycenaean.html Enkhelyawon -- Possibly the name of wanax or king of Pylos...

When we are babies we are supposed to be eating human milk. And also lactose tolerance is not important for societes that have the knowledge to create e.g. cheese or yogurt.

Concerning R1b-M269 and related (including lost) subclades they could have had some short of networks, so some subclades could have been expanding and rexpanding over them. The prescence of L754 in Oman 5500 years ago likely shows that before the timeframe of IE migrations some R1b groups would...

Greeks seemed to have believed there was a movement from Egypt. Herodotus who is more extreme says even that the kings of the Dorians were ''Egyptians". I had tried to understand how that would work. The most probable scenario is there was a real migration, these people became part of the...

I doubt it. They should have used Balkans EBA as one source population, either the samples from Croatia or the ones from Bulgaria, although there could have been a movement from somewhere in between. These samples from the Balkans do not have real 'steppe' ancestry but basically increased...

Proto-Celts were not exclusively R1b or predominately R1b necessarily. I don't know about specific subclades and I don't care that much but at least there is I2a-P37 in Ireland, for example and it is higher in Southwest, where, for example Ogham inscriptions were also more common...

Concerning 'LGBT+' people Greeks responded in a way comparable to Poles, Hungarians, Slovakians but also, for example Israelis. But the percentages are similar to 2006 USA. With the 'help' of mass media (if that serves their interests) these views can change in a couple of decades.

It is important to know how they translate these questions. In modern Greek, for example, there is no exact translation for the English word culture. The word 'koultoura' (a loan from Latin) is often used for 'high culture' almost like afaiu German Kultur. Likely they used the word...

Or maybe the Turks are Celts? Gall, Ghur ?? etc. :P For me the interesting thing is that Greek had two suffixes -then and -de, with ablative and allative use respectively that to me look similar to proto-Turkic -den/-ten and -de/-te suffixes (ablative, locative). The pronouns of proto-Turkic...