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Reconstructed Attic tʰ (MGr /θ/) has two sources, a reconstructed *dʰ (which according to Kortlandt was /t/ really in Early IE) and a reconstructed *gʷʰ in certain cases (before front vowels). dh /ð/ in Albanian also has multiple sources, *ǵ and *ǵʰ usually, *d (at the end of the word). Have...

I'm willing to consider that. Since there is a root *h₂melǵ- (to milk, to press out / suck etc) which gave Attic amélɡɔ, Latin mulgeō, Old English meolc (English milk) etc Maybe it could have been related to that. If we assume that the reconstructed root is correct, we need a language that...

No author that wrote in a language classified as 'Greek' used the term 'Greek' for any of the groups we call today 'Greek'. 'Hellenes' seem to have been originally a tribe that originated in Thessaly. Herodotus associates them with Dorians, says that they were neighbors of the Pelasgians when...

'Teeth drinker' is a little weird, isn't? The PIE word that means drink is reconstructed as *peh₃. In Greek and Hindi for some reason (but not Sanskrit?) there are words which are said that derive from *pih₃-n- (e.g. Attic pī́nō, Hindi pīnā) Either way, pir- ('drink') could have existed in a...

(I'm separating my post in two parts, the second is more speculative) Yes. If the word is related, along with the Germanic ones, where we have reconstructed words thought to have meant 'type of metal', also 'genuine, pure' and evidence from Sanskrit, where as I said, apart from 'silver'...

That related words though, often don't mean 'copper' or 'bronze', therefore the reconstructed meaning should be 'metal'. In Greek there is also a word ασήμι ('silver'). Compare Kurdish asin / hesin (“iron”) and Middle Persian asēm, (“silver”). They don't include the Greek word in the words...

I have thought about that, the Greek word at least, that it might have something to do with Colchians. compare kolkhós, 'a Colchian', khalkos 'copper, copper alloyed with tin, bronze' First of all, a parallel exists, the word copper comes from late Latin cuprum, which in turn ultimately from...

Materials other than wool started being used in Greece after trade contacts with other cultures had been established. Linen for example was originally imported from Egypt, I think. Maybe it was preferred in the south because it was much lighter. At some point a technique to create 'soft'...

There are studies which support that Georgian is neither an ergative, nor a 'split-ergative' language either and that it is 'more accurately analyzed as a language having a split between the nominative and the active alignment according to the case and agreement marking, rather than as ergative...

Can you post the names of some cultures that we know their names and how we came to know them?

The problem is that he takes for granted that Yamnaya was Indo-European. What type of data can prove that a culture was Indoeuropean? Even if we are certain about which ancestral component was associated with Proto-Indoeuropeans-proper (that is something which is debatable really), how can we be...

I am not sure but I have predicted that in regions with many Megalithic sites, for example around Cork, Ireland or roughly around Aberdeen, Scotland the people in the Bronze Age will have different genetic profile, I mean more Neolithic ancestry. Something that I had noticed but people rarely...

The NW Greek ΑΠΕΙΡΩΤΑΝ would correspond to Albanian i/e/të/së epiroteve. ΚΟΙΝΟΝ ΑΠΕΙΡΩΤΑΝ= komuniteti i epirotëve* (M.Gr) to ki'no ton ipiro'ton or i ki'notita ton ipiro'ton (to kino would have been used only in that context and is a neuter noun, i kinotita which means primarily 'community' is...

I believe all linguists would say there isn't a possibility. The genitive plural ending is ōn in Greek, ān most often in NW Greek, but for PIE it is reconstructed as *-ōm, *-oHom etc (there are different views concerning the details at least, see the Wikipedia article...

It would be nice if we had ancient texts from all the branches and even various dialects. Either way, PIE or LPIE is usually reconstructed as a SOV language (but with a more or less free word order most likely), with no articles. The 'definite article' in m.Greek is declinable [In nominative...

Concerning, the reconstructed PIE root *samadh- 'sandy land' In Greek dialects it would have been *hamath- / *amath- (which would evolve to *amaθ- in modern Greek) In Northern IE dialects it would have been *samad (In PIE proper it would have been *samat really, if Kortlandt and others from...

There is a problem with that, I think. Why 'e' was included in the toponym? Why not Mathia, Madhia? (Can you explain how, e / i etc are used today?) On the other hand, there are problems with the 'sandy land' etymology too, because what would have been the meaning of the personal name Emathion...

I made a mistake. I thought there was an 'N' after 'D' too, so a part of what I said isn't correct. The genitive ending is -o:n but sometimes -a:n in NW Greek. (Ω is considered to have been more open and more long than Ο) Ok, if we assume that the toponym has something to do with the meaning...

Modern Greek isn't studied very much. Ancient Greek is and basically two dialects of it mostly, Homeric Greek and Attic Greek and the reasons are obvious. And that has its negatives because those who do study Modern Greek almost always compare it with those ancient dialects, which is something...

The surname Mataragas and toponyms Mataraga/Mataragata exist here and they are associated either with medieval Albanians or people from South Italy or Italy in general (?) but I am not sure about the etymology you propose. One blogger had noticed that some non-Greek surnames in regions of West...