MTree: Modern Egyptian sample and Djehutynakht, U5b2b5: https://www.yfull.com/mtree/U5b2b5a2a/
Nubian Christian Period samples:
"Ten individuals from both cemeteries belong to mtDNA haplogroup U5b2b5, though they also exhibit three additional mutations not typically found in members of this...
This is a bit of a mystery. Djehutynakht had mtDNA U5b2b5, which is European in origin, and has been found in Bell Beaker samples. This result was found independently by Harvard and FBI labs, with no evidence of contamination. U5b2b5 has also been found in 10 samples from Christian period Nubia...
From the paper:
DNA extraction, authentication and contamination monitoring:
"Strict adherence to requirements of ancient DNA authentication, including laboratory design andpractice standards, was adopted for proof of reliability and quality of the results (Richards et al. 1995,291–299...
I can't judge which model is more accurate, I just read what the papers say. According to Antonio et al. (2019): "we modelled the genetic shift by an introduction of ~30 to 40% ancestry from Bronze and Iron Age nomadic populations from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe", Posth et al. (2021): "This...
i.e:
Ancient genomes reveal structural shifts after the arrival of Steppe-related ancestry in the Italian Peninsula (Saupe et al. 2021)
“Here, genome-wide data for 22 individuals from burials in Northeastern and Central Italy dated between 3200 and 1500 BCE provide the first genomic...
Ok but by the Late Bronze Age Urnfield period the Copper Age population had already been transformed by earlier migrations so it wouldn't have been a case of Urnfield or Proto-Villanovans mixing with Copper Age Italians.
I don't think that fits with the other evidence, e.g. autosomal affinity, Y-DNA haplogroup and also archaological evidence. I don't think there's any evidence from either DNA or archaeology of a direct migration of unadmixed Yamnaya people to Italy.
They were modelled as ~50% Germany Bell Beaker, which is basically northern European, isn't it? On the chart above the 'C7: European' cluster (72%) has the highest 'haplotype sharing' with the 'Central and Northern Europe' group, whatever that means.
I missed this when it was first published.
The genomic history of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands (Serrano et al. 2023):
"considering the best-fitting model, the CIP [Guanche] ancestry can be explained as the admixture of Morocco_LN (73.3% ± 2.2%), Morocco_EN (6.9% ± 1.0%)...
I suggested that Bell Beaker ancestry could have arrived in the First Intermediate period with 'Libyans' from the west.
I've been thinking/reading some more about it, and that might actually be the explanation. A migration from Italy into North Africa then eastwards into Egypt.
Some authors...
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