Hi Pip, thank you for your questions. Very good ones really. I don’t think I have ever been asked a set of so acute and disconcerting ones in all these years.
But Remember that I have 10 slides , just 10, that visually explain everything. In here:
https://shulaverianhypothesis.blogs.sapo.pt/
In the Shulaverian hypothesis, which yDNA haplogroups do you think would have been present within the culture
Men… The shulaverian Hypothesis is that they were the Urheimat of L23 and PIE. Above anything else. But I have always stated that they moved from Romania/Bulgaria in 6500BC to 6000BC (first settlements in Scaucasus) and the unusual diversity of species cultivated is because they picked up species and words from farmers they were engaged with, first in Thrace and then even learned mudbrick architecture with Barcin related near places such as Fikirtepe black sea south shores. So its unlikely they did not pick up some G Ydna.
By 5000bc, so a thousand years later, they picked up J2a from northern Iraq and J2b from northwest Iran. They met for a millennium in Azerbaijan steppes so… some could be J. – But remember. Bulk was M269 and L23. Overall they come across as very reserved kind of people that didnt really mixed much...
, and which might have migrated to Portugal?
By 4600 BC they were Boian and Gulmenita and the ones longer representing this phase the Krivodol- Salcuta.
I also believe Delta nile merimde-beni-salama was also them. So I don’t know which was the route. North or south. Let’s assume is north. Then L51 was a set of people on the move from these Balkans culture into all over shores of north Mediterranean sea in small pockets of L23 turning L51. So, If Zambujal/VNSP turning Bell beakers were them, were just a L51 remnant of your next question that got very good at warfare or at least conflict.
Do you think that the Bulgarian Suvorovo might have been an intermediate or related group?
Yes. Either choice they were related people. Those that stayed in Balkans, in chalcolithic, work their way into Hamangia, into Precucuteni….and therefore engage cousins that were later known as Yamanya. It’s a 1000 years nobody seems to want to compute…
That is the messy time that made all this Dna admix confusion of Steppe, CWC etc.
Suvorovo either were just the ones that resulted from Yamnaya related type of guys moving along north black sea costs, and mixing with lets call it Boian-Gulmenita-Cucuteni… or actually just the later, people that had always remained in Balkans, that change way of living like many others had forcibly to, as 5.9kiloyear event made them all scatter and change life style.
To relate to the previous question, while these ones were engaging in that "mess", the ones of previous question (which ones made it to Portugal) were just the ones that kept on moving west as early as 4000BC, small pockets that ended up gathered in bigger numbers in Western iberia.
I am a beliver that you need to follow kindship. The sucess of Bell beaker was due to the fact that while they moved around in 3rd milenia, they always found kindship in the other places.
Was there any relationship between L51 and the other successful haplogroup G-PF3345, which flourished in similar places - South Eastern Pontic, Eastern Carpathians and ultimately the Rhine?
I don’t know. But I think G-PF3345 has a story of their own. Sometimes I think people do an undervaluation of them....
When do you hypothesise that the Shulaveri headed West out of the Caucasus? I notice that EHG, Anatolian/EEF, R1b-M269 and G-PF3345 all look to have moved into the area some time after 7,000 BC, only for CHG to resurge in the area by about 3,000 BC? Could this resurgence have been related to the Shulaveri moving out, or would this be too late?
Shulaveri started a diaspora by 4900 BC. The resurgent of CHG is because, if anything Shulaverian arriving South Caucasus and departing went from no CHG to several degrees of CHG. CHG were in western Georgia and yes, in parts of north slopes of Caucasus mountains already . There were Shulaverian with this “pure” CHG, as there were others with some CHG/Iran Kind picked up in the steppes of Karabahk in Azerbaijan where they all met (L23, J2a, J2b, G).
When they all moved way the ones moving west (4600BC) were the ones with CHG-Iran that reached again south Balkans.. Kum6, Otzi Pal in Greece… they all had that admix irrespective of Y-dna. But also remember that the movement of Ydna J, and CHG/iran kept on moving into west. Anatolia but later Greece. The movement of Kura-araxes was a strong wind of CHG from east.
that is why when one finds Hittite YDna It can be anything. By 3000bc the ones speaking IE language where a mix of several small tribes.