Angela
Elite member
- Messages
- 21,823
- Reaction score
- 12,329
- Points
- 113
- Ethnic group
- Italian
I ran the samples through the K13 Modern so there would be no squawking from other places.
Log4
Well, well, here's a surprise, this sample is closest to admixed Jews (i.e. those which mixed with Europeans), but then Mycenaeans were pretty close to them as well.
The first three were Middle Bronze Age. Now for the Early Bronze Age. Much the same for the first one...
Same again...
And once more...
So, even in the Middle Bronze, where we see the increased steppe is from a settlement on the periphery of the Mycenaean world, the other Middle Bronze Age settlements were still like the much later Mycenaean samples we have.
Now, it could be that there are actual Mycenaean samples which have more steppe, brought by these peripheral people. We don't know. However, if there weren't a lot of them, how much change could they have wrought? We just don't know and won't know until we have more samples.
What we do know, however, is when Bronze Age Greece flourished, and when it got temporarily knocked down.
"The Early Bronze Age (3200-2000 B.C.) is characterised by the spread of metal, the use of which is already known in the Final Neolithic or Chalcolithic period. The Northeastern Aegean, the Cyclades and Mainland Greece are home to specific cultural groups during this period.[FONT="]Initially the way of life in all aspects continues along the lines of its Neolithic predecessor. The general development of the second phase of the period (2700-2200 B.C.) leads to the creation of organised settlements, the construction of monumental buildings and a controlled economy with the accumulation of goods and the use of seals. This is the time of the first urban development, communication between settlements and commerce by sea with the shipping of metal objects, Melian obsidian and fine pottery throughout the Aegean.[/FONT]
[FONT="]In the Northeastern Aegean, Poliochni in Lemnos and Troy in Asia Minor become prominent as strong proto-urban centres.To this same period belong the graves of Leukas in the Ionian Sea, with their rich funerary equipment. In Mainland Greece, Boeotian Orchomenos beside the Kopais lake, Lerna in the Argolid and Aegina are among the important centres of this time -for the well-known Neolithic sites such as Sesklo and Lianokladi we have less evidence. In Attica there are many small but important settlements such as Raphina, Askitario and Ag. Kosmas. The imported objects found in these settlements provide evidence of their habitual communication with the Cyclades.[/FONT]
[FONT="] The development observable during the second phase of the Early Bronze Age comes to an end during the third and last phase of the Period (2200-2000 B.C.). Evident are destructions, the abandonment of settlements and a general disorganisation that has been traditionally associated with the incursion of new populations. The Middle Bronze Age (2000-1600 B.C.) is characterised initially by an economic and cultural decline,as can be seen in the poor remains of the settlements and in the poverty of the burials. It is a time of re establishment and by the middle of the period, development is evident. The growth in population and consequent necessity of further cultivation of the fertile land leads to the appearance of new settlements in opportune places. The most important of these have bronze workshops. Graves are now supplied with bronze weapons and jewellery of gold, bronze and semi-precious stones, in addition to pottery. The pottery of the period, for the most part wheel-made, comprises two main categories Minyan ware and Matt Painted.
[/FONT]
[FONT="]Toward the end of the Middle Bronze Age, the richly provided tombs of Mainland Greece bespeak the rise of anumber of ruling groups. The influence of the advanced culture of Minoan Crete, the importation of luxurious and beautifully worked vessels and weapons, the spread of new ideas and techniques is to bring about basic changes that are observable in all levels of life and art. The end of the Middle Helladic Period is marked by social change rather than by catastrophe. It is the time of the Shaft Graves at Mycenae and the new warrior aristocracy which introduces us to the Mycenaean period. "
[/FONT]
The Log samples are dated to 2000 to 1800 BC.
Distance to: | Greece_MBA_Log02 |
---|---|
3.95887610 | Tuscan |
8.18320842 | North_Italian |
9.02556923 | West_Sicilian |
9.20050542 | Greek_Thessaly |
9.67008273 | Italian_Abruzzo |
12.67926654 | Central_Greek |
13.35816604 | East_Sicilian |
14.66986367 | Bulgarian |
15.02793066 | South_Italian |
15.55129898 | Romanian |
16.80972933 | Ashkenazi |
17.95004457 | Spanish_Extremadura |
18.02786454 | Portuguese |
18.75250117 | Spanish_Andalucia |
19.22330097 | Spanish_Murcia |
19.26025182 | Serbian |
19.50536080 | Spanish_Valencia |
19.51763818 | Spanish_Galicia |
20.30129060 | Spanish_Cataluna |
20.56086088 | Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon |
21.11848479 | Italian_Jewish |
21.14110688 | Spanish_Castilla_La_Mancha |
21.51626594 | Sephardic_Jewish |
21.53301883 | Algerian_Jewish |
23.12442215 | Spanish_Cantabria |
Log4
Distance to: | Greece_MBA_Log04 |
---|---|
8.35465738 | Romanian |
9.15210905 | Bulgarian |
11.49876080 | Greek_Thessaly |
11.76738289 | Serbian |
12.66054106 | Tuscan |
12.79527647 | North_Italian |
14.23441955 | Italian_Abruzzo |
16.80767384 | West_Sicilian |
17.33217240 | Central_Greek |
18.76695500 | East_Sicilian |
19.11081108 | Moldavian |
19.34580833 | Hungarian |
19.40008505 | Portuguese |
19.79225354 | French |
20.08691365 | Spanish_Extremadura |
20.52343051 | Spanish_Galicia |
20.62840517 | Austrian |
20.92206491 | Spanish_Cataluna |
21.09877011 | West_German |
21.27530258 | Spanish_Murcia |
21.36302179 | South_Italian |
21.70000230 | Spanish_Andalucia |
21.75738036 | Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon |
21.82477262 | Spanish_Valencia |
22.01043389 | Croatian |
Well, well, here's a surprise, this sample is closest to admixed Jews (i.e. those which mixed with Europeans), but then Mycenaeans were pretty close to them as well.
Distance to: | Greece_MBA_Mik15 |
---|---|
18.52527193 | Algerian_Jewish |
19.47616492 | Italian_Jewish |
22.04608582 | Sephardic_Jewish |
22.59917919 | Tunisian_Jewish |
22.62203572 | Libyan_Jewish |
23.48751370 | South_Italian |
24.23913159 | West_Sicilian |
24.41921375 | Ashkenazi |
25.45199992 | Tunisian |
25.51561875 | East_Sicilian |
26.79552761 | Algerian |
26.84176969 | Sardinian |
27.07234382 | Central_Greek |
27.57608565 | Mozabite_Berber |
27.78684401 | Cyprian |
27.93904973 | Moroccan |
28.34711096 | Tuscan |
28.77691262 | Italian_Abruzzo |
30.96489141 | Greek_Thessaly |
31.25588905 | Samaritan |
33.31969238 | Lebanese_Christian |
33.32246239 | North_Italian |
34.06860725 | Egyptian |
34.22980865 | Lebanese_Muslim |
34.40983580 | Palestinian |
Distance to: | Greece_MBA_Mik15 |
---|---|
18.52527193 | Algerian_Jewish |
19.47616492 | Italian_Jewish |
22.04608582 | Sephardic_Jewish |
22.59917919 | Tunisian_Jewish |
22.62203572 | Libyan_Jewish |
23.48751370 | South_Italian |
24.23913159 | West_Sicilian |
24.41921375 | Ashkenazi |
25.45199992 | Tunisian |
25.51561875 | East_Sicilian |
26.79552761 | Algerian |
26.84176969 | Sardinian |
27.07234382 | Central_Greek |
27.57608565 | Mozabite_Berber |
27.78684401 | Cyprian |
27.93904973 | Moroccan |
28.34711096 | Tuscan |
28.77691262 | Italian_Abruzzo |
30.96489141 | Greek_Thessaly |
31.25588905 | Samaritan |
33.31969238 | Lebanese_Christian |
33.32246239 | North_Italian |
34.06860725 | Egyptian |
34.22980865 | Lebanese_Muslim |
34.40983580 | Palestinian |
The first three were Middle Bronze Age. Now for the Early Bronze Age. Much the same for the first one...
Distance to: | Greece_EBA_Pta08 |
---|---|
16.32743091 | Algerian_Jewish |
17.79478294 | Italian_Jewish |
19.81873861 | Tunisian_Jewish |
19.92590776 | Libyan_Jewish |
20.18929915 | Sephardic_Jewish |
22.12526158 | South_Italian |
22.56049202 | Cyprian |
23.31849266 | Ashkenazi |
24.53357903 | East_Sicilian |
24.91526440 | West_Sicilian |
25.69987549 | Tunisian |
25.91040525 | Samaritan |
25.97189442 | Central_Greek |
27.59686214 | Algerian |
27.73495628 | Lebanese_Christian |
28.45815876 | Mozabite_Berber |
28.80092707 | Moroccan |
28.81681107 | Italian_Abruzzo |
29.38614469 | Lebanese_Muslim |
30.18337125 | Palestinian |
30.34125245 | Syrian |
30.55785987 | Tuscan |
30.63102349 | Lebanese_Druze |
31.10842008 | Jordanian |
31.11900705 | Greek_Thessaly |
Same again...
Distance to: | EBA:Greece_EBA_Kou01 |
---|---|
16.19176643 | Algerian_Jewish |
17.37221345 | Italian_Jewish |
19.43704453 | Tunisian_Jewish |
19.70652937 | Libyan_Jewish |
19.86622007 | Sephardic_Jewish |
21.27427320 | Cyprian |
21.80122703 | South_Italian |
23.07222139 | Ashkenazi |
24.47097464 | East_Sicilian |
24.97725766 | Samaritan |
25.12103302 | West_Sicilian |
25.75772894 | Central_Greek |
26.47167354 | Lebanese_Christian |
27.11146805 | Tunisian |
28.29519040 | Lebanese_Muslim |
28.72263045 | Italian_Abruzzo |
29.05404103 | Lebanese_Druze |
29.13735232 | Algerian |
29.56914946 | Palestinian |
29.63970142 | Syrian |
30.08778324 | Mozabite_Berber |
30.45786105 | Jordanian |
30.62695382 | Moroccan |
31.04383192 | Tuscan |
31.22407565 | Greek_Thessaly |
And once more...
Distance to: | EBA:Greece_EBA_Kou03 |
---|---|
11.04838450 | Algerian_Jewish |
12.02086103 | Italian_Jewish |
12.72752922 | South_Italian |
12.99317513 | Sephardic_Jewish |
14.37239020 | Cyprian |
14.59525265 | Tunisian_Jewish |
15.21940866 | Libyan_Jewish |
16.36783736 | East_Sicilian |
17.17588135 | Central_Greek |
17.55569708 | Ashkenazi |
17.96173711 | West_Sicilian |
20.08987805 | Italian_Abruzzo |
21.06931655 | Lebanese_Muslim |
21.61782366 | Samaritan |
22.77767767 | Lebanese_Christian |
22.87203970 | Syrian |
24.39007995 | Greek_Thessaly |
24.76770074 | Lebanese_Druze |
24.78269154 | Tuscan |
25.58807926 | Jordanian |
25.73555323 | Palestinian |
26.03208021 | Tunisian |
27.06813994 | Turkish |
27.66145694 | Algerian |
28.11674768 | Assyrian |
So, even in the Middle Bronze, where we see the increased steppe is from a settlement on the periphery of the Mycenaean world, the other Middle Bronze Age settlements were still like the much later Mycenaean samples we have.
Now, it could be that there are actual Mycenaean samples which have more steppe, brought by these peripheral people. We don't know. However, if there weren't a lot of them, how much change could they have wrought? We just don't know and won't know until we have more samples.
What we do know, however, is when Bronze Age Greece flourished, and when it got temporarily knocked down.
"The Early Bronze Age (3200-2000 B.C.) is characterised by the spread of metal, the use of which is already known in the Final Neolithic or Chalcolithic period. The Northeastern Aegean, the Cyclades and Mainland Greece are home to specific cultural groups during this period.[FONT="]Initially the way of life in all aspects continues along the lines of its Neolithic predecessor. The general development of the second phase of the period (2700-2200 B.C.) leads to the creation of organised settlements, the construction of monumental buildings and a controlled economy with the accumulation of goods and the use of seals. This is the time of the first urban development, communication between settlements and commerce by sea with the shipping of metal objects, Melian obsidian and fine pottery throughout the Aegean.[/FONT]
[FONT="]In the Northeastern Aegean, Poliochni in Lemnos and Troy in Asia Minor become prominent as strong proto-urban centres.To this same period belong the graves of Leukas in the Ionian Sea, with their rich funerary equipment. In Mainland Greece, Boeotian Orchomenos beside the Kopais lake, Lerna in the Argolid and Aegina are among the important centres of this time -for the well-known Neolithic sites such as Sesklo and Lianokladi we have less evidence. In Attica there are many small but important settlements such as Raphina, Askitario and Ag. Kosmas. The imported objects found in these settlements provide evidence of their habitual communication with the Cyclades.[/FONT]
[FONT="] The development observable during the second phase of the Early Bronze Age comes to an end during the third and last phase of the Period (2200-2000 B.C.). Evident are destructions, the abandonment of settlements and a general disorganisation that has been traditionally associated with the incursion of new populations. The Middle Bronze Age (2000-1600 B.C.) is characterised initially by an economic and cultural decline,as can be seen in the poor remains of the settlements and in the poverty of the burials. It is a time of re establishment and by the middle of the period, development is evident. The growth in population and consequent necessity of further cultivation of the fertile land leads to the appearance of new settlements in opportune places. The most important of these have bronze workshops. Graves are now supplied with bronze weapons and jewellery of gold, bronze and semi-precious stones, in addition to pottery. The pottery of the period, for the most part wheel-made, comprises two main categories Minyan ware and Matt Painted.
[/FONT]
[FONT="]Toward the end of the Middle Bronze Age, the richly provided tombs of Mainland Greece bespeak the rise of anumber of ruling groups. The influence of the advanced culture of Minoan Crete, the importation of luxurious and beautifully worked vessels and weapons, the spread of new ideas and techniques is to bring about basic changes that are observable in all levels of life and art. The end of the Middle Helladic Period is marked by social change rather than by catastrophe. It is the time of the Shaft Graves at Mycenae and the new warrior aristocracy which introduces us to the Mycenaean period. "
[/FONT]
The Log samples are dated to 2000 to 1800 BC.