12% of mtDNA does not mean 12% of admixture.. :bored: Come on, we know your IQ is not very high, but after so many times you still don't get it ?? This is like the 100th time we are telling you this.. .Plus this 12% figure is way over exaggerated
Stop the crap already...
Wrong.
Wrong.
Rosenberg et al. 2002 and Wilson et al. 2001 found 1% of autosomal in Norwegians.
Another study that shows Spain has less than Germany african admixture :
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1852743/
More studies :
Two studies by Rosenberg et al. 2002 and Wilson et al. 2001 failed to detect any sub-Saharan admixture in Scots (from Orkney), Russians, Basques, Frenchmen or Italians (from Lombardy, Tuscany and Sardinia), while 1% was observed in Norwegians. More recently, Bauchet et al. 2007 tested several European groups for black admixture, and while cluster membership coefficients are not provided, the chart of Bayesian cluster results shows admixture levels to be equally low in Greeks, Spaniards (from Valencia), Basques, Frenchmen, Southern Italians, East English, West Irish, Poles, Germans (from Hanover) and Finns.
A similar study by Auton et al. 2009, which also contains an admixture analysis chart but no cluster membership coefficients, shows little to no sub-Saharan African influence in a wide array of European samples, i.e. Albanians, Austrians, Belgians, Bosnians, Bulgarians, Croatians, Cypriots, Czechs, Danes, Finns, Frenchmen, Germans, Greeks, Hungarians, Irish, Italians, Kosovars, Latvians, Macedonians, Netherlanders, Norwegians, Poles, Portuguese, Romanians, Russians, Scots, Serbians, Slovakians, Slovenians, Spaniards, Swedes, Swiss (German, French and Italian), Ukrainians, United Kingdom and Yugoslavians.
My man, you know nothing at all about genetics. You can think whatever crazy rubbish you want but it is exceedingly clear that you have no intellectual standing whatsoever...
Which university do we start with, genius?...
The Portuguese ebonics showing through there.
Whats that showing from beneath the white table cloth in this fifteenth century Portuguese painting? Your own ancestors left you a message.
We always knew long before genetics that the Portuguese are hybrid Afro-Iberians. It is plain history.
This is from the entry on Portugal in the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica:
... After 1450 yet another ethnical element was introduced into the nation, through the importation of African slaves in vast numbers. Negroid types are common throughout central and southern Portugal. No European race confronted with the problem of an immense coloured population has solved it more successfully than the Portuguese and their kinsmen in Brazil; in both countries intermarriage was freely resorted to, and the offspring of these mixed unions are superior in character and intelligence to most half-breeds. . .
The normal type evolved from this fusion of many races is dark-haired, sallow-skinned, browneyed and of low stature.
. . . in 1434 the first consignment of slaves was brought to Lisbon; and slave trading soon became one of the most profitable branches of Portuguese commerce.
In order to understand the apparently sudden collapse of Portuguese power in 1578—1580 it is necessary to examine certain facts and tendencies which from the first rendered a catastrophe inevitable. Chief among these were the extent of the empire and its organization, the financial and commercial policy of its rulers, the hostility, often wantonly provoked, of the chief Oriental states, the depopulation of Portugal and the slave trade, the expulsion of the Jews, the growth of ecclesiastical influence in secular affairs, and the decadence of the monarchy.
While the country was being drained of its best citizens, hordes of slaves were imported to fill the vacancies, especially into the southern provinces. Manual labour was Trade, thus discredited; the peasants sold their farms and emigrated or flocked to the towns; and small holdings were merged into vast estates, unscientifically cultivated by slaves and comparable with the latifundia which caused so many agrarian evils during the last two centuries of the Roman republic. The decadence of agriculture partly explains the prevalence of famine at a time when Portuguese maritime commerce was most prosperous. The Portuguese intermarried freely with their slaves, and this infusion of alien blood profoundly modified the character and physique of the nation. It may be said without exaggeration that the Portuguese of the “age of discoveries “ and the Portuguese of the 17th and later centuries were two different races.
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