Who were and are the Greeks and their DNA

Haplogroup J2a is very typical for Groups of the Caucasus. especially North Caucasus ~25% and Kazbegi/Georgia 72%! It is also common in East European Countries like Ukraine.

Kazbegi and its people

J2a follows strange rules, in fact j2a does have one origin,
 
J2a propably originated in C/E Anatolia (Cappadocia & Armenia & Kurdistan) long before any known nation was formed. From there it spread in all directions (north into Caucasus, south into Mesopotamia and Levant, east into Iran and India and west into the Balkans and Italy).
 
J2a propably originated in C/E Anatolia (Cappadocia & Armenia & Kurdistan) long before any known nation was formed. From there it spread in all directions (north into Caucasus, south into Mesopotamia and Levant, east into Iran and India and west into the Balkans and Italy).

hmmmm Cretans Hath-cretans or eteocretans have J2a8 wich is domestic to them,
so minoans have J2a

j2a is connected with with pre IE greeks some of J2a prove original Greek ancestry, j2a7 j2a8
some of j2a prove anatolian ancestry
j2 is connected with G2a3 in Pelasgians both in Greece and in Italy (etruscans) (the G raise around mount Olymp)
 
J2a propably originated in C/E Anatolia (Cappadocia & Armenia & Kurdistan) long before any known nation was formed. From there it spread in all directions (north into Caucasus, south into Mesopotamia and Levant, east into Iran and India and west into the Balkans and Italy).

At least a point were we can agree.
 
IMO the ancient Hellenes had these haplogroups:

Achaeans: E-V13, J2a
Dorians: J2a, J2b
Epirotes: E-V13, J2b
Makedonians: E-V13, I2a, J2a, J2b
Thracians: J2a, E-V13, I2a
 
Epirotes were mainly E-V13,J2a and R1b not J2b
 
We have very little ancient greek dna so far - only j2a, g2a and one j1? -

I predict dorians and epirotes to carry v13 and r1b (or j2a for epirotes) but let's wait for ancient dna
 
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There is also an unofficial R1b from Ambrakia of the Classical age.

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There is also an unofficial R1b from Ambrakia of the Classical age.

View attachment 13329

In 294 BC, after forty-three years of semi-autonomy under Macedonian suzerainty, Ambracia was given by the son of Cassander to Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, who made it his capital, and adorned it with palace, temples and theatres. In the wars of Philip V of Macedon and the Epirotes against the Aetolian League (220–205) Ambracia passed from one alliance to the other, but ultimately joined the latter confederacy. During the struggle of the Aetolians against Rome, it stood a stubborn siege,[2] including the first known use of poison gas against the Romans' siege tunnels.[3]

Ambracia was captured and plundered by Marcus Fulvius Nobilior in 189 BC, after which it was declared by Rome a "free city", and gradually fell into insignificance.

The Molossians briefly sided with the anti-Roman Macedonian-Illyrian pact in the Third Macedonian War. After the Roman victory, a total of 150,000 Epirotes, mostly Molossians, were enslaved and sent to Italy, by decision of the Roman Senate. This decision is the only such act of the Roman senate and the largest, single, slave-hunting operation in Roman history. In the following years, Epirote slaves in Italy outnumbered slaves of other origins and the majority of slave marriages were between Epirotes.[27] In historiography, the decision of the senate has been the subject of much debate, as the two main anti-Roman powers of the time in that region, the Macedonians and the Illyrians, suffered few consequences in contrast to the Molossians in terms of punishment. Howard Hayes Scullard had proposed the most recognized theory in the past. He connected the measures taken by the Romans to Charops of Epirus, member of a rival tribe the Chaonians – a Roman ally – who in order to gain command of the region, pushed for the extermination of the Molossians.[28] This interpretation is based on the negative assessment of Charops, already in ancient sources, as Polybius calls him "the most savage and degenerate of all men".
 
IMO the ancient Hellenes had these haplogroups:

Achaeans: E-V13, J2a
Dorians: J2a, J2b
Epirotes: E-V13, J2b
Makedonians: E-V13, I2a, J2a, J2b
Thracians: J2a, E-V13, I2a

Is this from testing remains or is it your guess ?
 

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