HORSES AND CLOSE ANIMALS speculations
I have not an I-E roots dictionary by the hand – here, just some possible links after being looked at some translations: my *s are a bit naive compared to modern I-E signs but...
greek: pôlos = «colt», «foal» <> germ. *fol-, lat. *pul- <???> alb.mod- pelë =«mare»
+ ir/scot-gael- lair << ? *plâr ??? << p°l-r ???
alb.mod- kalë = «horse» surely from *cabal- (and not *capal nor *cappal; what put me to conclude the Greats Isles Celts adopted **cappal- from a language that hardened (assourdissement) consonnants -
norv-dan- hoppe = merr =«mare» - it's hard for me not considering a possible root: *cab-
snskr- a[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]š[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]vah[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif], indoust- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]a[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]ššv [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «horse», lit- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]ašva [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «mare» could be evolved cousins of [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]*ekw-[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] (by the way I saw lit- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]kumele [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «mare», lett- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]kēve [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «mare» could give way to some speculations (sometimes I wonder if [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]camal- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]would not have a remote link with [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]cabal-[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]? I 'm not aware of hamitic-semitic languages evolution so it could be pure convergence) - I add lit- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]kumeliukas [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]+ lett- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]kumeĮs[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] = «colt», «foal» - I know [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]'kuinas = kumele [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]could show the root is just [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]*ku- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] and not [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]*kum-[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]... [/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]greek [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]forbàs [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «mare» seams to me based ont a root [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]*phor- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]<< *[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]bhor [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]<???>[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] *bher-[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] = to bear [/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif] [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]&: this I-E [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]*bh- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]recall me an interrogation shared by me and Taranis about modern germ- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]'b- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]quasi identical to celtic and slavic [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]'b-' [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]: why this consonnant never became [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]'p-' [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]according to Grim's law? I think now it could be the proof [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]'*bh-[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] in germanic was not already arrived to the stage of simple [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]b- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]when the big shift tooke place; in fact, in modern hoch-deutsche dialects the dictionary [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]b- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]is pronounced as a non-aspirated [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]/p/[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] but it is a secondary evolution - [/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]I found some hypothetic link too between slavic [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]*žreb- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]([/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]žerebjonok/źrebię/hřibě/žrebeć/ždrebe[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]) << **[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]greb- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «colt», «foal» and indoust- [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]ghŏɽā[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] = [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]a[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]ššv [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «horse» - [/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]all that seams showing some links within or between some groups of I-E languages but not a complete global unity, and some loan words seam almost evident... I have to refresh my mind and to give a rest to my poor old brain... I rely on you! Some coloured map showing the different roots in Eurasia could help? I have not the equipment to do it...[/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]&& about french [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]poule[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif], lat-[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] pullis [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]and the apparently impossible semantic link with french [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]poulain [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]and other I-E cognates words, I cite the breton word [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]jaw = marc'h [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]= «horse»; [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]jaw[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] evocates me the french dialectal [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]jau << jal/al << gal << gallus[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] = cock – so, the question is still open for meanings drifts... I say too as answer to Kentel that sometimes the name of a litlle animal is given to the adult full developped animal of same race: breton [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]kole[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] << [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]kohle, kodle << kozh-leue[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif], «young bull» ('old-calf') which has taken the place of [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]tarw [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]for «bull» in some dialects; so [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]'poule', 'poulet' << *pullis [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]doesn't seam so strange? The 2 words are attested in XIII°C french; maybe 'poulet' = «chicken» was created when 'poule' took the meanign of «hen»??? so 'pullis' = «little» keeps is explicative power? Yetos, was is the meaning of «[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]-poulos» [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]we find so often at the end of greek family names???[/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]I would be very glad if I could have access to serious etymologies of a lot of I-E languages, sure![/FONT]