Haplogroup J2 M172 Quotes & Links

[RHAS]

"Admixture analyses suggested that the majority of G2a-P15 and R1b-M269 components were contributed by Anatolia and Levant sources, respectively, while Greece Balkans supplied the majority of E-V13 and J2a-M67."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"Like other populations in Anatolia and Lebanon, Cyprus exhibits a high level of haplogroup J2-M172 related diversity. J2a-M410 is the dominant Y-chromosome lineage, constituting 26.0 % of the overall Cypriot samples. J2b-M12/M102 splits into mainly J2b-M205 (5.9 %), frequent in Southern Levant, and J2b-M241 (0.6 %), most frequent in Greece and the Balkans."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"Anatolia would have generated up to 83 % to the Cypriot G-P15 and up to a quarter (range, 22–25 %) of Cypriot J2a-M67, J2b-M12, and R1b-M269 related lineages. Danube Balkans would have provided most of the Cypriot J2b-M12 (67 %) and all Cypriot I2-M423 (99 %). Although, when using the entire set of Y-chromosome haplogroup frequencies, the composition of Cyprus can be explained by contributions from Anatolia, Balkans, and Levant, the actual Greek contribution stood out for the Cypriot E-V13 (87 %), J2a-M67 (74 %), R1b-M269 (48 %), and G-P15 (17 %) components. Lastly, Levant contributed up to 30 % of the Cypriot R1b-M269 and to a lesser extent regarding the Cypriot J lineages (3–8 %)."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"It has been hypothesized that J2b-M12 may have been associated with the Neolithic immigration of farmers to Greece. Haplogroup J2b-M12 splits into J2b-M205 and J2b-M241."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"Also J2b-M12 Td estimates coupled with the J2b-M205 distribution overlap significantly with the Pottery Neolithic to Early Bronze Age pattern of settlements in Nicosia, Pafos, Limassol, and Kyreneia."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"J2a-M67, proposed to represent both the Neolithic of Central Anatolia and the expansion of the Troia Maritime Culture in Northwestern Anatolia (13.5 %), is also quite common in Cyprus (10.1 %)."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"J2a-Z489, present in Pafos and Northwest/Central Anatolia, may reflect Bronze Age immigration from Western Anatolia, the Philia phase, or mirror the Jewish population on the island from the Hellenistic/Roman Eras."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"The pre-Greek influence is most plausibly encapsulated by the following G2a haplogroups: U5*, PF3147*, L91, L293, P303*, and CTS342. Notably, most of these lineages occur in Anatolian ancient DNA specimens over 8200 years old. In addition, some J2a lineages such as M67, M319, and J2b-M205 may also have contributed to the pre-Greek strata."
Y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveals elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements.
http://link.springer.com/article/10..../fulltext.html

"A new finding is that the Bronze Age individual BR2 belonged to haplogroup J2a1."
Dienekes Anthropology Blog - Ancient DNA from prehistoric inhabitants of Hungary.
http://dienekes.blogspot.nl/2014/10/...ehistoric.html

"The Bronze Age genomes, Rathlin1 and BR2, both show further reductions of ROH, producing distributions similar to each other and to that of modern Europeans."
Neolithic and Bronze Age migration to Ireland and establishment of the insular Atlantic genome.
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/12/22/1518445113

"Our two Bronze Age samples, BR1 (1,980–2,190 cal BC) and BR2 (1,110–1,270 cal BC) fall among modern Central European genotypes."
Genome flux and stasis in a five millennium transect of European prehistory.
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/14...comms6257.html

"Sometime around 4,000 BC (BCE), ancient Sicilians began building Europe's oldest free-standing monumental structures, which are among the oldest such constructions in the world (the temple at Göbekli Tepe in Turkey is older). These megalithic temples, built by a neolithic people culturally similar to the society of the Stentinello culture near Syracuse, are known by such names as Zebbug, Ggantija, Mnajdra, Hagar Qim and Tarxien. These temples pre-date by millennia the Egyptian pyramids and such structures as Stonehenge and similar megalithic monuments in north-western Europe. We know little of these earliest Sicilians, though they were probably part of an influx of neolithic farmers who arrived in the central Mediterranean from the east sometime before 10,000 BC, identified genetically with Y Haplogroup J2 (M172), and some of their pottery has been dated to around 5,200 BC. One might speculate that these neolithic builders were the ancestors of the Proto-Sicanians. And where can you see these remarkable megalithic temples? In Malta. Yes, the earliest known inhabitants of Malta arrived from Sicily some time before 5,200 BC, and they quite literally laid the foundations of a culture which in many ways seems to have been far more sophisticated than anything else in Europe or the Mediterranean region at that time."
Maltese Diaspora E-Newsletter March 2014 - Sicilian Neolithic Temple Builders in Malta.
http://ozmalta.com/wp-content/uploads/NEWS33.pdf

"D’autres haplogroupes sont très minoritaires et ne passent la barre des 10% que dans certains pays ou régions. Ainsi G2 (d’origine Caucasienne )en Sardaigne, j2 (origine nord Mésopotamie ) en Italie et en Roumanie, E1b1 (dernière migration de l’Afrique de la préhistoire ) en Grèce et en Italie du sud."
L’ADN et la recherche de nos ancêtres. (French)
http://www.cegfc.org/www/sections/pa...genealogie.pdf

"On trouve beaucoup de J dans les pays européens voisins de la Méditerranée comme la Grèce (22% de la population) ou l’Italie (25%). Il est apparenté aux Romains, Grecs et Phéniciens pour le J2, aux Arabes et aux Juifs pour le J1."
Genealogie genetique ou l`arbre phylogenetique. (French)
http://defranceetdaieux.blogspot.nl/...ou-larbre.html

"The pottery, known as LBK from the German words for “linear band ceramics,” was made in the Near East, the home of the Neolithic revolution, as well as in Greece, the Balkans and southern Italy. Two Stanford University researchers, Roy King and Peter Underhill, matched the geographical distribution of LBK pottery and figurines with that of the four Y chromosome lineages that entered Europe at the beginning of the Neolithic age. They found that one lineage in particular, marked by the mutation known as M172, was found in almost exactly the same locations as the LBK culture."
Nicolas Wade - Before the Dawn, recovering the lost history of our ancestors.
http://permaculteur.free.fr/ecoanarc...the%20Dawn.pdf

"Concerning J lineages, another marker of Eastern Mediterranean origins, we can add from looking at Adams et al. (2008) that they are also relatively frequent compared to the rest of Iberia in the Asturias and Extramadura."
Y Haplogroups, Archeological Cultures and Language Families: a review of the possibility of Multidisciplinary Comparisons Using the Case of E-M35.
http://www.jogg.info/51/files/Lancaster.pdf

"The genetic differentiation between the two Cimbri populations of Luserna and Lessinia deserves further discussion. Luserna is genetically very distant from all the other Alpine populations and shows a strikingly low intrapopulation diversity. Paternal lineages are represented mostly by the R1b M269* (frequency of 84%), with six different STR haplotypes associated with only one founder surname. Lessinia shows different, if not opposite, features. The average genetic distances from other populations is less than one third compared to Luserna, while HD is close to the highest values of our dataset. The prevalent haplogroup, R1b-M269*, accounts for only one third of the total, the rest represented by different lineages (G-M201, I1-M253, M410-J2A and K-M9), which are associated with twenty-three different surnames."
Cultural, geographic and genetic isolation in Italian ethno-linguistic minorities.
http://padis.uniroma1.it/bitstream/1...ssertation.pdf

"El estudio de los linajes del cromosoma Y, permite evidenciar el componente genético del porte masculino e identificar la presencia de linajes aborígenes, europeos, asiáticos y africanos en las distintas poblaciones y analizar diversos factores históricos. Con el fin de tener una visión del estado de la diversidad de 124 linajes paternos de las poblaciones Belén y Santa María de la provincia de Catamarca, se caracterizaron las muestras para la mayoría de los haplogrupos encontrados en Argentina, R, R1, J2, Q, K, F(xJ2), mediante la tipificación de los SNPs (M173, M207, M172, M9 y M346). Los SNPs fueron amplificados mediante Multiplex de PCR-AFLPs y sus productos visualizados en geles de poliacrilamida al 10% teñidos con GelRed. Las frecuencias promedio para Q, R1, Y J2 fueron 0.220, 0.315 y 0.095, respectivamente. No se encontró diferenciación genética significativa (p=0.21622) entre estas dos poblaciones (FST=0.00717). Las frecuencias de los linajes paternos presentes en las poblaciones demuestran las tres fuentes principales que contribuyen al acervo genético: americano (haplogrupo Q), europeos (haplogrupo R1) y aunque con una frecuencia más baja también se evidencian la presencia de un origen de Medio Oriente (J2)."
Libro de Resúmenes de las Décimas Jornadas Nacionales de Antropología Biológica. (Spanish)
http://www.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/aabra/L...0resumenes.pdf

"Among European haplotypes, DYS455=8 is virtually exclusive to I1. Most males are 11 at this marker, and the deletion to 8 in Hg I1 is believed to have taken place about 10,000 years ago. Since then, about 2% of I1's have mutated to 7 or 9, but some 98% of I1's still remain 8 at DYS455. Only a small, Middle Eastern subclade of J2b1a is known to also be 8 at DYS455, however that deletion is believed to have taken place only about a thousand years ago."
Danish Demes - a Regional DNA Project for Danish Americans and Danes around the World.
http://danishdemes.org/YDNA-results-HgI1.html

"As expected, the commonest haplogroup is R1b-M269 (43.1%), with highest frequency in the north-west, followed by I1-M253 (13.8%), I2-P215 (9.0%), R1a-M198 (7.5%) and J2-M172 (7.5%). Some clades show geographically-restricted distributions, with hg N1c-M178 being most frequent in the Saami, and sub-lineages of haplogroups E, G and J prevalent in the Mediterranean area."
Large-scale recent expansion of European patrilineages shown by population resequencing.
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/15...comms8152.html

"Imperato o Imperati, storica Famiglia Principesca Napoletana: Consiglieri Imperiali - Baroni di Montecorvino - Feudatari di Monteleone - Familiari di Sua Maestà la Regina Giovanna II d’Angiò Durazzo di Napoli - Patrizi di Giovinazzo - Patrizi Amalfitani, aggregati alla nobiltà Civica de Majori, Nobili Napoletani ascritti fuori Piazza (ramo dei marchesi di Spineta) ... Y-DNA: linea paterna E8287: Aplogrupp: J2"
Nobili Napoletani - Famiglia Imperato. (Italian)
http://www.nobili-napoletani.it/imperato.htm

"Si è superficialmente ipotizzato che essi siano i discendenti di soldati greci dell’esercito di Alessandro Magno. La recente tipizzazione genetica effettuata sulla popolazione di Malana, ha evidenziato una grande percentuale di Y-DNA aplotipi J2 e R1a associati a un’origine indo-ariana dell’Asia meridionale anziché a un’origine greca che avrebbe avuto un diverso mix di caratteristiche Y-DNA aplotipi. Ci sono varie leggende sulla loro origine, costoro sono i discendenti del Rishi Jamlu e di Guga-Choan che si stabilirono in quella valle nella notte dei tempi."
Instituto Cintamani - Asia culla della quinta razza. (Italian)
http://www.istitutocintamani.org/lib...INTA_RAZZA.pdf

"L’aplogruppo J2 è stato rilevato in tutte le popolazioni analizzate ad esclusione che nella popolazione Desulese e Marocchina. La sua frequenza mostra una andamento Est-Ovest (con il valore massimo del 39 % raggiunto dalla popolazione Turca). In Italia le popolazioni in cui l’aplogruppo risulta essere maggiormente presente sono state quelle meridionali (circa 25%), mentre al Nord la sua frequenza oscilla intorno al 10 %."
Analisi di un isolato sardo tramite il cromosoma Y: il caso Desulo. (Italian)
http://veprints.unica.it/967/1/PhD_Thesis_Bachis.pdf

"Aplogruppi di origine Greco-Anatolica (Greci, Etruschi, Bizantini): J2, R1b-L23."
Tipologie Europidi - Progetto genetico dell'Italia. (Italian)
http://tipologieeuropidi.altervista..../genitaly.html

"J2 picca dove fiorirono diverse civiltà dell’antichità, mediterranee e del Vicino Oriente: Hatti, Hurriti, Etruschi, Minoici, Greci, Fenici (e Cartaginesi), Israeliti e, meno, tra Romani, Assiri e Persiani. Tutte le grandi civiltà marittime di Bronzo e Ferro furono interessate dalla capillare presenza di J2."
Il Sizzi - L’aplogruppo Y J2. (Italian)
https://ilsizzi.wordpress.com/2015/0...logruppo-y-j2/

[RHAS]

"The two Y haplogroups, J & E3b, are fairly well recognised in the literature as moving westwards from the Eastern Mediterrean/Near Eastern region via the north Mediterranean coast during the Neolithic and later (Scozzari, et al., 2001 ; Richards, 2003 ; Semino et al., 2004 ; Di Giacomo et al., 2004 ; Cruciani et al., 2004, 2007), with sub-groups of both haplogroups expanding again and spreading westwards from the Balkans in the Northern Mediterranean in the Early Bronze Age (Cruciani et al., 2007)."
The post-glacial peopling of the British Isles: can `Celtic` and `Anglo-Saxon` physical intrusions be defined and measured?
https://www.academia.edu/13016640/Th...red_Chapter_10

"The Y-haplogroup J has been argued to be a marker for the movement of Neolithic farmers into Europe (largely as J2) from the near East, spreading a dense swathe across the northern Mediterranean from the Levant through Greece, the Balkans and Albania, and Italy, where J2 accounts for up to 30 % of Y-lineages, to Iberia (Richards 2003, Semino 2004 & see fig 5.8b in Oppenheimer, 2006/7)."
The post-glacial peopling of the British Isles: can `Celtic` and `Anglo-Saxon` physical intrusions be defined and measured?
https://www.academia.edu/13016640/Th...red_Chapter_10

"In other words J2e-M12 (J2b in YCC, 2008) originated and expanded locally from the Balkans to Italy, France and Iberia in south-western Europe during the Early Bronze Age, (see also Di Giacomo et al., 2004, and data in Semino et al., 2004, 2007, Scozzari et al., 2001.). Seen in the context of a hypothetical secondary Indo-European language spread, this Late Chalcolithic Bronze Age expansion scenario could even be consistent with the anomalous finding of significant frequencies (1 %-8 %) of J2e-M12 among Indic (Indo-European) speaking populations of South Asia (table 2, Semino et al., 2004)."
The post-glacial peopling of the British Isles: can `Celtic` and `Anglo-Saxon` physical intrusions be defined and measured?
https://www.academia.edu/13016640/Th...red_Chapter_10

"In the British dataset I examined, nearly all of J belonged to the J2 sub-group ; further, all the STR marker profiles of J2 were most consistent with the J2e-M12 subgroup (as inferred using both STR table 3 of SOM in Cruciani et al 2007 and Appendix table in Di Giacomo et al. 2004), thus implying a Balkan Bronze Age source for much of J2 in Britain. J2 is found throughout Britain mainly concentrating in southern England and in central Scotland in a formerly Pictish region. In both regions it is present at rates from 2 % up to 7 %."
The post-glacial peopling of the British Isles: can `Celtic` and `Anglo-Saxon` physical intrusions be defined and measured?
https://www.academia.edu/13016640/Th...red_Chapter_10

"For each of the three sets of candidate Y-lineages (subgroups of I1b, J2 & E3b1) moving from south-west Europe to Britain and Ireland during the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age, Galicia seems the most likely proximal source, on the multiple lines of evidence discussed above, yet southern France (Narbonne/Keltiké) or Liguria are also possible parallel sources for I1b (as discussed above). However, such indecision could be resolved, if the ultimate single origin of these genetic expansions is taken as the western Balkans. Curiously, this Eastern Mediterranean origin, with an Iberian-staging solution is still consistent with the narrative in the Lebar Gabála Érenn."
The post-glacial peopling of the British Isles: can `Celtic` and `Anglo-Saxon` physical intrusions be defined and measured?
https://www.academia.edu/13016640/Th...red_Chapter_10

"Analysis of Y-chromosomes that could have arrived in the British Isles from the southwest, during the Neolithic and onwards, reveals a limited choice of three main groups of lineages I1b*/I1b2, J2e-M12 and E3b1, which are all found in the same distribution as the three putative western Celtic homelands as well as in the British Isles."
The post-glacial peopling of the British Isles: can `Celtic` and `Anglo-Saxon` physical intrusions be defined and measured?
https://www.academia.edu/13016640/Th...red_Chapter_10

"We can see here that J2b-Alpha has a relatively wide distribution. We also note that J2a-Alpha is the most frequent J2b-cluster in Germany. If we were to speculate about the arrival of J2b-Alpha in the British isles, we might be tempted to suggest either Roman troops of Germanic origin, and/or Anglo-Saxons."
J2 Y-DNA Project - Analysis Phase 3.
http://www.j2-ydnaproject.org/analysisphase3.html

"The last haplogroup, which displayed an overall frequency of more than 5%, consisted of I1-M253 and J2-M172, showing total frequencies of 11.9% and 5.3%, respectively, aligning the Slovenian population with other central European populations (Rootsi et al., 2004). Other lineages observed in the Slovenian population were found at frequencies of less than 5%, with two exceptions related to regional frequency peaks: a frequency peak for haplogroup E1b1b1a1-M78 was detected at 7.3% in Lower Carniola and a frequency peak of 9.1% was detected in Upper Carniola for haplogroup J2-M172."
The paternal perspective of the Slovenian population and its relationship with other populations.
https://www.researchgate.net/publica...er_populations

"Sixteen different halogroups were identified in the analysed sample from Alagoas (Fig. 1). The haplogroup R1b1b2*-M269 (55.47%) was most frequent, followed by J2*-M172 (7.29%), J*(xJ2)-M304 (6.07%), E1b1b1a*-M78 (5.67%), I*(xI2a2)-M170 (4.86%), E1b1a*-M2 (4.45%), E1b1b1b*-M81 (4.05%), T*-M70 (4.05%), G*-M201 (3.64%), I2a2*-M26 (1.62%), Q1a3a*-M3 (0.81%), E*(xE1b1a-b)-M96 (0.40%), E1b1b1*(xE1b1b1a-c)-M35 (0.40%), E1b1b1c1*-M34 (0.40%), R1a1*-M17 (0.40%) and K*(xL,P,T)-M9 (0.40%). In Alagoas population, most male lineages belong to European halogroups (94.74%), followed by African (4.45%) and Amerindian (0.81%) haplogroups."
Analysis of Y chromosome SNPs in Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil.
http://www.fsigeneticssup.com/articl...179-6/fulltext

"In Southern Europe the haplogroup J2, as defined by the M172 marker, can reach frequencies up to 35%, making the dissection of such lineage critical for population studies. Here we present a study on J2 chromosomes from the Italian peninsula. Populations and forensic implications are discussed. A total of 900 individuals were previously genotyped for a number of SNPs, including M172. More than 200 of these have been now genotyped for 7 SNPs within the J2 lineage using a multiplex SNaPshot approach."
Y chromosome J2 subtyping in an Italian sample: Population and forensic implications.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science...80800200X?np=y

"In conclusion: We can now say that based on one of the three hypotheses (Kurgan, Anatolian and «Out of India theory») the haplogroup of Aryans formally claim R1a1a and J2."
Where in India did the Aryans arrive? Three answers to one question.
http://rjgg.molgen.org/index.php/RJG...viewArticle/71

"Knowing that the Portuguese were the main source of Europeans migrating to Brazil, a comparative analysis was made between Y-chromosome diversity in Portugal and the subgroup of samples present in Rio de Janeiro that were assigned to European haplogroups (E3-M96, E3b-M78, E3b-M81, E3b-M34, I-M170, I-M26, J-12f2, J2-M172, K2-M70, L-M22, R1a1-M17, and R1b3-M269)."
Y-Chromosome Genetic Variation in Rio de Janeiro Population.
http://ychrom.invint.net/upload/iblo...Population.pdf

"Haplotypes defined by the M35 and M172 polymorphisms have been interpreted as being representative, among others, of the Neolithic component of the European Y-chromosome variation."
The peopling of the Tyrrhenian islands from a genetic uniparental perspective (mtDNA and Y chromosome).
https://www.researchgate.net/profile...a02a000000.pdf

"Onofri et al. (2008) analyzed 900 individuals belonging to the common south European hg J2-M172 in order to increase its resolution using a multiplex approach with 7 downstream SNPs."
The History and Geography of the Y Chromosome SNPs in Europe: an update.
http://www.isita-org.com/jass/Conten...rancalacci.pdf

"These results support the hypothesis that the surname-chosen Arbereshe are representative of the Y-chromosome genetic variability of the Albanian founder population. Accordingly, the Arbereshe genetic structure can contribute to the interpretation of the recent biological history of the southern Balkans. Intra-haplogroup analyses suggest that this area may have experienced important changes in the last five centuries, resulting in a marked increase in the frequency of haplogroups I2a and J2."
Linking Italy and the Balkans. A Y-chromosome perspective from the Arbereshe of Calabria.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/...60.2010.491837

"All samples were first genotyped for markers, E-M35, F-M89, G-M201, H-M282, I-M170, K-M9, J-M172, J-M267, J-M304, R-M173, P-M45, R-M17 and R-M269, to classify them into major European branches."
The Greeks in the West: genetic signatures of the Hellenic colonisation in southern Italy and Sicily.
http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v...g2015124a.html

"Taken together, D-M174 and O-M175 account for 71.12% of the paternal lineages in Sherpas, bolstering the case for Tibetans as the ancestral population of Sherpas. Likewise, the relative rarity of other Y haplogroups (<10%) among Sherpas (supplementary Figure S1) were also rare among Tibetans, and mostly absent in other East Asian populations. Most of these haplogroups are prevalent in India (F*-M89, J2b*-M12 and R1a1-M17) and Island Southeast Asia (K*-M9), suggesting either shared ancient Y-chromosome lineages or limited recent admixture of Sherpas with surrounding populations."
Genetic evidence of a recent Tibetan ancestry to Sherpas in the Himalayan region.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4633682/

"whereas haplogroup J shows a frequency higher than 15% only in Los Santos and Veraguas."
Exploring the Y Chromosomal Ancestry of Modern Panamanians.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/art...l.pone.0144223

"Bei den Y Haplogruppen dominiert im alpinen Raum die Y Haplogruppe R1b (23% in Öster-reich (A) und 48,5% in der Schweiz (CH)). Es folgen R1a (7% in CH und 26% in A), G2a (8% in A und 10% CH), J2 (6% CH und 12% in A), E1b1 (9% in A und CH), I1 (7% in CH und 12% in A), I2 (4% in CH, 8% in A), sowie einige kleinere Haplogruppen (J1, T, Q, N1c1)."
Molekularbiologische Ahnenforschung: Was verrät sie uns über unsere Herkunft und die Besiedlung Europas? (German)
http://europa.gmgnet.li/seniorenkoll...nforschung.pdf

"Von den Völkerwanderungen im Zeitraum von 1200 v. Chr. bis 500 n. Chr. Bleibt der Alpen-raum unberührt. Während der Zugehörigkeit zum römischen Reich, dürfte sich der Anteil mediterraner Haplogruppen (mt K, J, T und Y E1b1, J2, G2a) kaum erhöht haben."
Molekularbiologische Ahnenforschung: Was verrät sie uns über unsere Herkunft und die Besiedlung Europas? (German)
http://europa.gmgnet.li/seniorenkoll...nforschung.pdf

"The haplogroup diversity was 0.7794±0.0229 and the most frequent haplogroup was R1b1 followed by I(xI2a2), G, J2 and E1b1a(xE1b1a4,E1b1a7). In the analysis of genetic distance, we observed that the population of Espirito Santo State is closer to European and Latin American populations, being more distant from African and Asian populations, and in the classification of paternal lineages according to their ancestry, there was a greater European contribution (85.88 %), followed by African (11.37 %) and Amerindian (2.75 %), confirming previous studies conducted in the Brazilian population and consistent to the pattern of genetic admixture in Brazil."
Estudo de SNP`s do Cromossomo y na Populacao do estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil.
http://repositorio.unesp.br/bitstrea..._me_arafcf.pdf

"Em termos de frequência, o haplogrupo mais encontrado foi o R1b1 (43,14 %), seguido do I(xI2a2) (8,23 %), G (7,84 %), J2 (7,84 %) e E1b1a(xE1b1a4,E1b1a7) (7,46 %)."
Estudo de SNP`s do Cromossomo y na Populacao do estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil. (Portuguese)
http://repositorio.unesp.br/bitstrea..._me_arafcf.pdf

"Assim, as linhagens paternas obtidas neste estudo foram consideradas: 85,88 % européias (haplogrupos R1b1, I(xI2a2), G, J2, E1b1b1a, R1(xR1a,R1b1), R1a, J(xJ1a,J2), E1b1b1b, E1b1b1c, I2a2, T e N1c), 11,37 % africanas (haplogrupos E1b1a(xE1b1a4, E1b1a7), E1b1a7, E2b1, E1a e A) e 2,75 % ameríndias (haplogrupo Q1a3a(xQ1a3a1-3)) (Figura 12)."
Estudo de SNP`s do Cromossomo y na Populacao do estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil. (Portuguese)
http://repositorio.unesp.br/bitstrea..._me_arafcf.pdf

"Os principais haplogrupos foram determinados na população do Espírito Santo, sendo o mais frequente o R1b1 seguido pelo I(xI2a2), G, J2 e E1b1a(xE1b1a4,E1b1a7)."
Estudo de SNP`s do Cromossomo y na Populacao do estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil. (Portuguese)
http://repositorio.unesp.br/bitstrea..._me_arafcf.pdf

[RHAS]

"My husband and his father (and his father and his father and his father) are descendants of Haplogroup J2, the people who thousands of years ago introduced farming to much of the then-known world."
New York Times - Marie Antoinette, Is That You?
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/25/fashion/25Cyber.html

"Haplogroups G2 and J2, which occur only at about 1-3% frequency in northwest Europe, may have come in part from the Mediterranean region up the Atlantic coast, and in part with the spread of farming through central Europe from Turkey. Possibly, some Roman soldiers who retired in Britain may have had these haplogroups. Haplogroup G2 is represented in the Owen project by Owen Group 17, while Haplogroup J2 is represented by Owen Group 1."
Owen Family Assocciation - Newsletter June 2007 vol. 22 issue 2.
http://owenfamilyassociation.org/ofa...rint-email.pdf

"The remaining NRY haplotypes belonged to West Eurasian lineages. Haplogroups E1b1b1, G2a, and J2a were represented by single haplotypes, and R1b1b2 was detected in four paternally unrelated tribal members, whose haplotypes differed by their STR profile (Tables 3 and 4). R1b1b2 (formerly R1b3) is delineated by the presence of M269 marker, and is a common lineage in Western Europe ([haplogroup 1 in Scozzari et al., 2001];Cruciani et al., 2002; Tambets et al., 2004; Karlsson et al., 2006), although it appears at its highest frequencies in the Iberian Peninsula and Ireland (Alonso et al., 2005; Moore et al., 2006). By contrast, haplogroup G occurs frequently in the Caucasus, Turkey, and Near East (Semino et al., 2000a; Al-Zahery et al., 2003; Nasidze et al., 2003; Cinnioglu et al., 2004), while J2 is ubiquitous in the Near East and Mediterranean region (Al-Zahery et al., 2003; Behar et al., 2004; Cinnioglu et al., 2004; Zalloua et al., 2008)."
Genetic Heritage and Native Identity of the Seaconke Wampanoag Tribe of Massachusetts.
http://xn--c1acc6aafa1c.xn--p1ai/lib...adanov2010.pdf

"As for hg J2-M67*, by comparing PAR and SGP hts with those from European reference populations with DAPC, we obtain three different clusters (Figure S4). One of them (cluster 3) is exclusively found in PAR, where it is associated to a single documented pedigree (P05, Table 1) which includes 8 individuals. Another one (cluster 2) is found both in PAR (4 hts) and SGP (1 ht), as well as in Germany and Southern Italy. Dates for the whole of cluster 2 (Table 3) are as older as 6000-9000 years ago. Cluster 1, despite being well represented both in Germany and in Italy, has only one haplotype in SGP."
The genetic history of italians:new insights from uniparentally-inherited markers. - Traces of Medieval migrations in a socially-stratified population from Northern Italy. Evidence from uniparental markers and deep-rooted pedigrees.
http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6527/1/...fania_Tesi.pdf

"Contrarily to I1-L22, DAPC analysis showed that J2-M67* PAR hts form two different clusters (Table S5, Figure S4), thus suggesting that their high frequency (compared to SGP) is the result of historic/geographic stratification. One of these clusters (cluster 2) is represented both in PAR and SGP and is frequent in Italy and Germany, yielding a date as old as 6000 YBP (Table 3). Another one (cluster 3) is found only in PAR, coinciding with a single pedigree (P05: Table S5, Figure S4) whose common ancestor lived in the 16th century. A search through the Yhrd database (www.yhrd.org) showed that its modal ht has a match in Apulia (Southern Italy)."
The genetic history of italians:new insights from uniparentally-inherited markers. - Traces of Medieval migrations in a socially-stratified population from Northern Italy. Evidence from uniparental markers and deep-rooted pedigrees.
http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6527/1/...fania_Tesi.pdf

[Coriolan]

J2 introduced farming to the known world? WTF?

[RHAS]

"In order to improve the phylogeography of the male-specific genetic traces of Greek and Phoenician colonizations on the Northern coasts of the Mediterranean, we performed a geographically structured sampling of seven subclades of haplogroup J in Turkey, Greece and Italy. We resequenced 4.4 Mb of Y-chromosome in 58 subjects, obtaining 1079 high quality variants. We did not find a preferential coalescence of Turkish samples to ancestral nodes, contradicting the simplistic idea of a dispersal and radiation of Hg J as a whole from the Middle East."
A finely resolved phylogeny of Y chromosome Hg J illuminates the processes of Phoenician and Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25912-9

"By directly genotyping these variants in Hg J carriers and complementing with published resequenced chromosomes (893 subjects), we provide strong temporal and distributional evidence for markers of the Greek settlement of Magna Graecia (J2a-L397) and Phoenician migrations (rs760148062)."
A finely resolved phylogeny of Y chromosome Hg J illuminates the processes of Phoenician and Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25912-9

"Within J2b-M12 (Supplemental Fig. 7), we obtained 14 carriers of the derived allele at rs779180992 (branch 29), which resides within J2b-M205. The centroid of the carriers of the parental lineage (J2b-M12) was shifted to the West as compared with the overall sample, in line with the high frequency of this allele in Albania and Western Greece."
A finely resolved phylogeny of Y chromosome Hg J illuminates the processes of Phoenician and Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25912-9

"The lineage defined by rs779180992, belonging to J2b-M205, and dated at 4–4.5 kya, has a radically different distribution, with derived alleles in Continental Italy, Greece and Northern Turkey, and two instances in a Palestinian and a Jew. The interpretation of the spread of this lineage is not straightforward. Tentative hypotheses are linked to Southward movements that occurred in the Balkan Peninsula from the Bronze Age, through the Roman occupation and later."
A finely resolved phylogeny of Y chromosome Hg J illuminates the processes of Phoenician and Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25912-9

"Finally, we explored the distribution of J2a-L397 and three derived lineages within it. J2a-L397 is tightly associated with a typical DYS445 6-repeat allele. This has been hypothesized as a marker of the Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean55, based on its presence in Greek Anatolia and Provence (France), a region with attested Iron Age Greek contribution. All of our chromosomes in this clade were characterized also by DYS391(9), confirming their Anatolian Greek signature. We resolved the J2a-L397 clade to an unprecedented precision, with three internal markers which allow a finer discrimination than STRs. The ages of the three lineages (2.0–3.0 kya) are compatible with the beginning of the Greek colonial period, in the 8th century BCE."
A finely resolved phylogeny of Y chromosome Hg J illuminates the processes of Phoenician and Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25912-9

"We provided here the strongest temporal and distributional evidence so far for markers which can be attributed to the Greek settlement of Magna Graecia. This process cannot be expected to have conveyed only J2a-L397, but other lineages as well: for example E-V1359, which left a clear signal across the Mediterranean28,55. J2a-L397 in Central-Southern Continental Italy accounts for only 13% (24/182) of Hg J. At a face value this can be taken as a bottom figure for the Greek contribution to the gene pool of the region."
A finely resolved phylogeny of Y chromosome Hg J illuminates the processes of Phoenician and Greek colonizations in the Mediterranean
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25912-9