a late answer maybe outdated?
Arvisto said :
Judged by whatever is meant as Hindu Kush, there is no way how Yamna can arithmetically be more than 15/35 (43%) or 10/35 (29%) of Corded Autosomally.
If we look at Estonian Corded Ware, then again arithmetically, if we max Yamna ancestry (believe that all Hindu Kush comes from Yamna) we get this:
37% of Yamna + 63% of someone with 85% EuroHG and 15% Near Eastern.
Also Sintashta averages look just like Estonian Corded Ware.
Pity there is no ANE, EEF, WHG for all this. That would make things more comparable. But like I said, whatever we use Corded Ware has more farmer and WHG and less ANE than Yamna.
Moesan answers:
Arvistro: I don’t understand too well your calculations concerning the Yamnaya part in Corded people. All the way it’s hard sport to deduce precise imput of a population on an other one at a point of History. Too much same ancestors in precedent periods and crossed flows (on and back). All we do, scientists and amateurs, are rough approximations which requires some cross checkings with other tools of identification; we see yet some slight differences between Haak and Allentoft works. In fact autosomes DNA is an unprecise tool even if useful at some level, and what we can see is shared DNA, but at the aDNA level it is difficult to tell the direction of genes flow. That said for sharing, I think Corded and Yamnaya shared very more than 35% of aDNA.
Are we sure Corded came directly from a Yamnaya population? Had they not common ancestors settled North the Forest Steppe, possibly of North Y-R1a lignages? As a whole the closest culture are northernly distributed on the map, Globular Amphora Culture seems more southern. I think some of the HG- WHG or EHG – they were around there (South East Baltic lands) since a long time, with already some ANE. Both Corded and Yamnaya seem autochtonous eastern and northern populations – similar but not identical - inequally acculturated at some point by 1 or more kinds of southerners. In K15 runs Corded show more diverse northern components, more ‘west-med’ and ‘atlantic’ too, but less ‘east-euro’ (Central Steppes) and less ‘west-asian’ (South Central Asia): the southerners part in Corded is more western. I cannot tell if it’s post colonization of western Europe or if this ‘west-med’ part was not present at low levels around S-E Baltic since Cucuteni-Tripolye?
&: I red just now one of your last post, about Sredny Stog: interesting concerning differences between men and women. And their flat tombs correspond more to the ones of the Corded. Spite Corded came later to light they kept with their flat tombs, at the beginning. So maybe are you right, thinking they swept away pushed by Yamnaya people? I regret I’ve not metrics details about this boring “proto-europoid” type, a bag term according to me.
Speaking of phenotypes, Coon thought Corded were a kind of selection compared to Yamnaya people. Corded in North Europe plain did not show the typical ‘cromagnoid’ descendants types but a very high statured mean of very high faced people, already present in North Russia in contact with ‘cromagnoids’. All the way, the high statured people were all in Eastern Europe, Central Eurasia, and not in Central or Western Europe and marked for me the arrival of new populations (the same for BBs): either ‘cromagnoids’ or ‘brünnoids’ the apparently HG element among them all seem come from East and not being the direct local descendants of their western brethren (WHG), at least not all of them. These differences of stature in N-W Europe between “before” and “after” the metal ages cannot be put on the account of neolithical diet, I presume. Yamnaya, if I understood well, would have had more of ‘southerners’ phenotypes, more of ‘cappadocian’ sort I suppose… so a strong enough common background between Corded and Yamnaya makes difficult to guess the genes flow direction; perhaps we can say Corded and Yamnaya are more in a nephew to uncle rapport or cousin to cousin than in a son to father rapport?
Concerning Funnelbeaker I red it was under diverse influences culturally speaking, unifying diverse cultural backgrounds. Someones say Corded are the result of I-Ean steppic imput upon Funnelbeaker fusion when others say the passage from Funnelbeaker to Corded took little time, linked to a religious change without external imput. The Long Barrows megalithers surely had a strong imput upon Funnelbeaker Culture in its northern and northwestern territories; the Gokhem aDNA is shifted towards “basque” (‘west-med’, ‘atlantic’) what could be a confirmation of it. And Corded’ principal phenotypes have little in common, with ‘Long-Barrows’ phenotypes found in Scandinavia at Neolithic : no way to confuse their skulls!). So yes, Corded imported human “meat and bones”, not only new culture nor new religion. And aDNA, even if we discuss the Yamanya part, confirms it.
&: curiously the only Polish Bronze Age man of Strzyzow Culture – spite his Y-R1a1a I saw in forums seemed more ‘L-B’ type than ‘corded’: a Funnel-B remnant? Or North Caucasus. I cannot forget the Coon’s observations of lower skulled/broader faced Ukrainian "corded" types, and the lower skulled Iron Celts and Scythes + some of the ancient Slavic tribes men of History. No correlation with Y-DNA? Rather with aDNA.
Concerning Sintashta, in place of a very Corded West to East colonization we can rather imagine an eastern proto-baltic population - partly 'tripolyeicized" as 'Corded' - Battle Axe? - for origin and departure place, with a very very slight demic imput of South East Caspian people (but strong cultural influence)? I had a dream (sic!): the core of satemization focal for me seems more in Eastern Europe than in Iran/Pakistan region one. Even Southern Slavic languages seems less palatizing than Eastern Slavic ones…? Just a bet!
