Illyrian and Albanian - a linguistic approach

[exercitus]

To be more specific i am just pasting the first comment of Abeis ; § While the direct evidence is nearly wanting, lllyrian is only known to us through a couple of glosses that display certain features, the principal being the conversion of voiced aspirated to unaspirated voiced stops. At this point, Illyrian goes along with Albanian. Thus we have the following set bʰ > b; dʰ > d, gʰ > g as it is best exemplified by numerous examples like PIE *bhrā́ter- ,,brother'' is being reflected in Illyrian gloss βρα· ἀδελφοί, ὑπὸ Ἰλλυρίων; illyr. Δάλμιον < cfs. dʰēl-ma; cf. alb. dele ,,sheep''; illyr. Δαύνιοι <*dʰau-non.

§ Another common feature in terms of vocalism is provided by IE <*o which turns regularly in /-a/ illyr. Λάγγαρος : lat. longus; illyr. Trita-nerus : greq. e vjet. τρίτο-ς, etj ; Illyr. Malontum, alb. mal < *mol-, etc.

§ The aspirated voiced velar /*ǵʰ/ gives a dental. The ancient name Δαρδανία (whereby the main tribe got his name) is admittedly compared with alb. dardhë (pear). We can safely envisage a common root <*h₂ǵʰord- as its source. The same pattern is evidenced by alb. dimën ,winter', whose origin hark back to IE <*ǵʰei-m-.

§ The alternation of bilabials b : m cf. Illyr. Σαπαιχη : Σαμαιχη and Σαπαιοι : Σαμος, this set of examples demonstrate clearly the alternation of bilabials on inlaut position while Albanian provides the same feature: karpë : karmë.

§ The assimilation rn > rr coincides on both Illyrian and Albanian. Illyr. Carnuntum might be well compared with several Illyrian names containing -carr. In Albanian we find a panoply of words demonstrating this phenomenon: alb. furrë < lat. furnus, alb. kërrutë < lat. cornutus, alb. luqerrë < lat. lucerna, alb. taverrë < lat. taverna.

§ The retention of IE *s on the initial position. Many Illyrian names retain the initial prevocalic s, such as Senta, Sextus, Sexticus, Sexto, Salvia which have every appearance of possessing IE *s. The initial s- in Albanian is very ambiguous because it shows a panoply of reflexes depending on specific environments. While Late Albanian has lost the initial prevocalic *s, it is held that proto-Albanian retained it on the initial position.

§ The reduction of consonant cluster kt > t, cf. Illyr. Sestenius < *sektos-, a development also shared by the Albanian, cf. alb. natë < *nokt-s.

§ Common satem-like reflexes. The long-held idea that Illyrian goes with centum-like languages must be dismantled altogether because recent meticulous research discerned some counter-evidences which are serious enough to warrant a clearly satem-like character of Illyrian:

• Oseriates or Asseriates (an Illyrian tribe in Pannonia) provides a solid evidence matching with satem developments because we can trace it to *h₂ǵʰer- "lake" where the voiced aspirated palato-velar ǵʰ > s.

• Illyrian place-name Birziminium comes probably from *bher(e)ǵh- demonstrating a shift from ǵ > z.

• Illyrian personal name Lukkeios (a king of Peonia) might be harked back to PIE *lukʷo- "wolf'', demonstrates another feature of satem-like languages where the labiovelar kʷ merged with a plain velar kʷ > k.

This development match both Illyrian and Albanian because it seems very likely that they underwent the same characteristics (innovations). But i have noticed that in the list above of Illyrian-albanian cognates words are missing some other words or derivated terms , the ""ρινός""rhinos "fog, mist"; cf. Old Alb. ren "cloud" (Mod. Alb. re, rê) (< PA *rina .earlier *rena) it is mentioned yes , with a clear COMPATIBILITY!!! But BRINDISI(cf. Strabo CAPUT CERVI ), 'brindizi, Brinnisi in brindisino, Brundisium in latino, Brentèsion (Βρεντεσιον) in greco antico, Brinda in messapico)Albanian bri, brî (pl. brirë, brinë) "horn; antler" [< late Proto-Albanian *brina < earlier *brena] , ah did u know that there is PRECISE CASE OF TOPONYMIC ANALOGY in the DELAMATEAN COST , Well (Durante l'Età del Bronzo e l'Età del Ferro, le tribù illiriche popolarono l'interno dell'isola. Gli Illiri sono probabilmente responsabili per aver dato il nome all'isola. Infatti il primo nome dell'isola fu 'Brentista Elaphusa', che deriva dalla parola illirica " brentos", che significa "cervo" (un animale di culto per gli Illiri e che esisteva sull'isola ai tempi). 'Elaphusa' invece deriva dalla parola greca per 'cervo' - "elaphus". Ai tempi, infatti, gli Illiri felicemente commerciavano con i Greci, che si insediarono sul continente e sulle altre isole vicine.)http://www.adria-bol.hr/c/brac_croatia/brac/island_brac_history/?ln=it The ILLYRIAN - ANCIENT GREEK name of BRACA island 'Brentista -Elaphusa' ...or the abovementioned... CASTRO ULCISIA ( keshtjella e ULKESHES), ulcisia=ulkesha,MONS ULCIRUS ( malet e ULQERVE), ulcir=ulqer, ULCINIUM,ULCEA pal*,ULCEA pal* , ULC=ULK ... or the case of two words that we ignored or underestimated , but has instead a crucial importance , but before let us know .Eric Pratt Hamp (born November 16, 1920) is an American linguist widely respected as a....... leading authority on Indo-European linguistics....., with particular interests in Celtic languages and Albanian. in 2008 http://www.voal-online.ch/index.php?mod=article&cat=SHQIPTARËT&article=31368 he mentioned as prove of illyric-albanian link this two words ; illyr .SICA et SYBINA ,alias, alb . THIKA e THUPENA ( or in gheg alb plur . THUPNA) etc etc etc . Well sincerely ,in front of this EVIDENCE & FACTS ... and in the basis of my personal conviction it is very hard to reject the ILLYRIAN -ALBANIAN KINSHIP !!! GOODBYE GUYS

 

[Garrick]

The list of the ALBANIAN- ILLYRIAN ANTHROPONYMYC CONGRUENCE AND COMPATIBILITY is to long , and sincerely i have other stuff to do , so you can check those Documents by your self (Warning for NON-ALBANIAN SPEAKER is very hard to undertand the Albanian phonetics and pronounce ), only a observation about the onomastic issue we always had the impression that the post-christian era ( after the 4-th century, because of the calendaric names) changed radically the albanian middle age anthroponymy( even Prof. CABEJ say so) . I do not agree completely , facing names like ( Didus, Dedus\Dedalus, Preconis\Preculis,Lalos\Lalusi,Gonis\Ginis(in compound names),Lecca\Leccani, Licca\Liccaeus etc etc Dr. Dhimiter Shuteriqi would have wanted very very much ,to just take a look to this list of onomastic, there were even a female name MARIGO , wich Radman-levaja consider it with strange and obscure pronounce that do not fit neither with greek ,latin or celtic ask any albanian if they know any person with that precise name !!! About the linguistic issue, Abeis is much more prepared than me so take a look to his comments , anyway it WELLKNOWN the kinship between the Illyric-albanian , ;
See also: Albanian language

• Personal Illyrian names, Andena, Andes, Andio, Antis, based on a root and- or ant-, found in both the southern and the Dalmatian-Pannonian (including modern Bosnia and Herzegovina) onomastic provinces; cf. Alb. andë (northern Albanian dialect, or Gheg) and ëndë (southern Albanian dialect or Tosk) "appetite, pleasure, desire, wish".^[25]
• aran "field"; cf. Alb. arë; plural ara^{[26][page needed]}
• Ardiaioi/Ardiaei, name of an Illyrian people, cf. Alb. ardhja "arrival" or "descent", connected to hardhi "vine-branch, grape-vine", with a sense development similar to Germanic *stamniz, meaning both tree stalk and tribe, lineage. However, the insufficiency of this theory is that so far there is no certainty as to the historical or etymological development of either ardhja/hardhi or Ardiaioi, as with many other words.^[25]
• Bindo/Bindus, an Illyrian deity from Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina; cf. Alb. bind "to convince" or "to make believe", përbindësh "monster".^[27]
• Bilia "daughter"; cf. Alb. bijë, dial. bilë^[28]
• bounon, "hutt, cottage"; cf. Alb bun^{[29][page needed]}
• Barba- "swamp", a toponym from Metubarbis; possibly related to Alb. bërrakë "swampy soil"^[30]
• can- "dog"; related to Alb. qen^[30]
• Daesitiates, a name of an Illyrian people, cf. Alb. dash "ram", corresponding contextually with south Slavonic dasa "ace", which might represent a borrowing and adaptation from Illyrian (or some other ancient language).^[25]
• mal "mountain"; cf. Alb. mal^{[31][page needed]}
• bardi "white"; cf. Alb. bardhë^{[32][page needed]}
• drenis "deer"; cf. Alb. dre, dreni^{[29][page needed]}
• delme "sheep"; cf. Alb. dele, Gheg dialect delme^{[33][page needed]}
• dard "Dardania"; ostensibly connected with cf. Alb. dardhë, "pear"^[34]
• drakoina "supper"; cf. Alb. darke, dreke^{[35][page needed]}
• Hyllus (the name of an Illyrian king); cf. Alb. yll (hyll in some northern dialects) "star", also Alb. hyj "god"^[35]
• sīca "dagger"; cf. Alb. thikë or thika "knife"^{[36][page needed]}
• Ulc- "wolf" (pln. Ulcinium); cf. Alb. ujk, ulk, "wolf"^{[37][page needed]}
• brisa "husk of grapes"; cf. Alb. bërsí "lees, dregs; mash" (< PA *brutiā)^[30]
• loúgeon "pool"; cf. Alb. lag, legen "to wet, soak, bathe, wash" (< PA *lauga), lëgatë "pool" (< PA *leugatâ), lakshte "dew" (< PA laugista)^{[38][page needed]}
• mag- "great"; cf. Alb. i madh "big , great"^[30]
• mantía "bramblebush"; Old and dial. Alb. mandë "berry, mulberry" (Mod. Alb. mën, man)^{[citation needed]}
• Ragusa-Ragusium "grape"; cf. Proto-Alb. ragusha (Mod. Alb. rrush)^[35]
• rhinos "fog, mist"; cf. Old Alb. ren "cloud" (Mod. Alb. re, rê) (< PA *rina .early *rena)^[39]
• Vendum "place"; cf. Proto-Alb. wen-ta (Mod. Alb. vend)^[35]

Is it all???. Even Slovenian researchers found much more. Although they use and Messapic words, according them Illyrian and Messapic are similar.

There are examples, Ill/Ms Illyrian/Messapc, Sl. Slovenian, En. English

AIDE (Ill/Ms), Ajde (Sl.), Go (En.)
AIRE (Ill/Ms), Jari (Sl.), Young (En.)
AK (Ill/Ms), Ak, Ako (Sl.), If (En.)
ALE (Ill/Ms), Ale, Ali (Sl.), But (En.)
AMI (Ill/Ms), Ami, Nam (Sl.), To us (En.)
ANA (Ill/Ms), Ana, Ona (Sl.), She (En.)
ASNO (Ill/Ms), Jasno, Asno (Sl.), Clearly (En.)
ASPA (Ill/Ms), Zaspal (Sl.), Fell asleep (Sl.)
ASUTE (Ill/Ms), Asute, Zasute (Sl.), Covered (En.)
ATA (Ill/Ms), Ata (Sl.), Father (En.)
AVA (Ill/Ms), Tava (Sl.), Rove (En.)
BALEI (Ill/Ms), Bal (Sl.), Dance (En.)
BARR (Ill/Ms), Bar (Sl.), Leastwise (En.)
BAS (Ill/Ms), Baš (Sl.), Just (En.)
BEILE (Ill/Ms), Bejle, Bele (Sl.), White (En.)
BILIA (Ill/Ms), Bila (S.), Was (En.)
BLATE (Ill/Ms), Blate, Blato (Sl.), Mud (En.)
BOAAL (Ill/Ms), Bol (Sl.), Pain (En.)
BRADI (Ill/Ms), Brati, Bratu (Sl.), To Brother (En.)
BRIGA (Ill/Ms), Briga (Sl.), Concern (En.)
DADI (Ill/Ms), Dadi, Dedi (Sl.), Grandfather (En.)
DAR (Ill/Ms), Dar (Sl.), Gift (En.)
DAT (Ill/Ms), Dat, Dati (Sl.), Give (En.)
DEIVA (Ill/Ms), Deva (Sl.), Girl, Virgin (En.)
DIK (Ill/Ms), Dik (Sl.), Nice (En.)
DIVAN (Ill/Ms), Diven (Sl.), Marvellous (En.)
DOIMA (Ill/Ms), Doima, Dojema (Sl.), Comprehend (En.)
DOMA (Ill/Ms), Doma (Sl.), At home (En.)

...
A lot of words.... And not only words. Some Slovenian researchers (there is a thread) whole sentences and texts find similar or almost same between Messapic / Illyrian and Slovenian, and they do incomparably better, than Albanians.

...
In the journal "The Classical Quarterly" (Cambridge Journals) there is paper "Cynnane 'The Illyrian'? The Perils of Onomastics", Bartels J., 2015

(quote)

"If one assumes that Cinna is equal to a shortened version of Cynnane's name after all, we should rather propose that the woman from second century A.D. Scupi may have used a Romanized Greek name. Nevertheless, it is far more prudent to keep clear of any such conclusion: the name is spelled like the well-recorded Latin (or Etruscan) cognomen Cinna, which, of course, is attested only for males. Until new evidence turns up we should abstain from guessing where this name, recorded in Roman imperial times, came from. After all, there is no convincing record for an ample use of name Cynnane in Illyria, but we do have evidence that it was widely used in nothern Greece as early as the late classical and early Hellenistic times".

(end of quote)


Author concludes: "The case of Cynna(ne) is nice example how dangerous a field onomastics can be".
...

This is important thought.

Anyone can "try or prove" anything (reasons: propaganda, glory, large in the eyes of his contrymen etc.). In such a way is tantamount to a waste of time.

Unfortunately, experts as Dr Bartels must invest time, effort and expertise to reassure those who stubbornly try to push quasi science as "science ".

...
According to modern knowledge none of today's Balkans nations can not say that it is the successor to the Illyrians, to say this is nonsense.

 

[Sile]

@Garrick

https://www.academia.edu/9103550/Introduction_to_the_Etymological_Dictionary_of_Romanian

IMO, as time passes , apart from ancient Greek , we only have ancient Messapic .............I believe these Messapii originate from ancient Epirus and that Messapic is an ancient Epirote language prior to the Epirote language becoming Hellenized.

It seems the governments of Greece and Albania since the 19th century Balkan wars have both tried to destroy the existence of the old Epirote people and culture.

 

[LABERIA]

@Garrick

https://www.academia.edu/9103550/Introduction_to_the_Etymological_Dictionary_of_Romanian

IMO, as time passes , apart from ancient Greek , we only have ancient Messapic .............I believe these Messapii originate from ancient Epirus and that Messapic is an ancient Epirote language prior to the Epirote language becoming Hellenized.

It seems the governments of Greece and Albania since the 19th century Balkan wars have both tried to destroy the existence of the old Epirote people and culture.

What old Epirote people and culture we have destroyed?

 

[Fustan]

People don't even know one word of Albanian yet are coming up with some crazy fantasy theories. Good job.

 

[Garrick]

@Garrick

https://www.academia.edu/9103550/Introduction_to_the_Etymological_Dictionary_of_Romanian

IMO, as time passes , apart from ancient Greek , we only have ancient Messapic .............I believe these Messapii originate from ancient Epirus and that Messapic is an ancient Epirote language prior to the Epirote language becoming Hellenized.

It seems the governments of Greece and Albania since the 19th century Balkan wars have both tried to destroy the existence of the old Epirote people and culture.

It is interesting, there is hypothesis that Messapic is one branch of Illyrian but it is not proved.

Slovenian researchers assume that Messapic = Illyrian and all closeness what they found between Slovenian and Messapic they attribute to Illyrian, according them Illyrian is archaic Slovenian.

But if your hypothesis is correct Slovenian researchers are in problem.

 

[Sile]

It is interesting, there is hypothesis that Messapic is one branch of Illyrian but it is not proved.

Slovenian researchers assume that Messapic = Illyrian and all closeness what they found between Slovenian and Messapic they attribute to Illyrian, according them Illyrian is archaic Slovenian.

But if your hypothesis is correct Slovenian researchers are in problem.

it does work for slovenians, IF, the indigenous slovenians originate from Romanian lands ................Romanians must have spoken something else pre commencing the Latin language from the Roman times

 

[Petros Houhoulis]

Correct! Romans and Greeks of antiquity were stupid!
They thought even though people spoke different languages they belonged to the same ethnicity!
That's why they called the whole area Illyria!
Keep up the good work!

What if the Illyrians of antiquity were stupid not to pass down their own languages much like the Greeks and the Romans did. Why should the Greeks and the Romans be responsible for the preservation of other peoples' languages?

 

[Petros Houhoulis]

The written ancient sources tell us the Illyrians, which were one of the biggest people of the peninsula, inhabited the western part of the Balkans in olden times. The northern border of the Illyrians extended up to the branches of the Danube, the Sava and the Drava. To the south, including the territory of pre-historical Epirus, it ran up to the Bay of Ambrakia (Preveza). The Morava and the Vardar rivers were its natural borders to the east and the coasts of the Adriatic and Ionian Seas were its western boundaries.
So, from today Austria to the Bay of Ambrakia (Preveza).
In the east the illyrians had common borders with dacians. This also explains some common words between, Romanian and Albanian.
Later came the Slavs that were introduced between the two peoples.

What are the written ancient sources again?

 

[LABERIA]

What are the written ancient sources again?

I have explained you more that once this. I don't know why you ask me again. Don't forget that this forum has not an Trolll Carnival subforum.

 

[mihaitzateo]

Albanians are migrants from North Africa to Europe, shown clearly by the fact that they mostly have E as paternal line.
These Illyrian language subjects are just pure non-sense, just an invention to hide the fact that Albanians are last in Europe,as average IQ and also, they are last, as civilization which are strong arguments to show their African ancestry.

 

[LABERIA]

Albanians are migrants from North Africa to Europe, shown clearly by the fact that they mostly have E as paternal line.
These Illyrian language subjects are just pure non-sense, just an invention to hide the fact that Albanians are last in Europe,as average IQ and also, they are last, as civilization which are strong arguments to show their African ancestry.

Well, there is this curious video with one of your compatriots:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=180&v=8qln2z5QF-0

 

[Garrick]

Sile
Name Albanopolis is one of indicators that Illyrians were Romanized in 2nd century.

Root of word is Latin: alba (Lat.) = white (Eng.)

We have a lot of names in Europe and beyond with root "alba":

Albocense: Dacian tribe

Alba: name for Scotland

Caucasus Albania: name of country in the Caucasus

Etc.

Nothing to do with Geges and Tosks who came several centuries after as Free Dacian tribes.

Albanians (Geges, Tosks) call themselves Shqiptarët, language is Shqipe.

Latin alba nothing to do with Shqipe word because their word is bardhë., it is Northern Thracian word, atested of Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu.

alba (Lat.) = white (eng.). = bardhë (Shq./Alb.)

And Romanized Illyrian Albanopilis, you can see Shqipe: Zgërdhesh - it is obviously word that has Northern Thracian root too.

The albanians could be part Bastanae as they lived in "free dacian" lands .....................80000 did migrate to eastern macedonia to help the macedonians in their wars against the illyrians

Bastarnae originally was Germanic tribe.

But with new situations this tribe was less and less Germanic, it can be that Sarmatians became dominant, although Carpi were near, it can be their strong impact and it is possible strong impact of members another Free Dacian tribe.

Romanian scientists found that Carpi are Geges, but it is not clear yet who are Tosks, some opinions say Tosks are Costoboci.

German scientist Schramm argued that Bessoi were Albanian, this tribe is Thracian and lived south of Dacia in today's Bulgaria (Rodopi region), in Albanian (Shqipe): besë = trust (Eng.).

It is interesting what you think about Bastarnae.

 

[Garrick]

Albanians (Geges, Tosks) call themselves Shqiptarët, language is Shqipe.
Does anyone know where this word originates from?.............it looks like Indian Romani

On Bessoi/Bessi............their orinins are nowhere near Dacia, they lived in the mountains separating modern Bulgaria from modern Greece

Is a false impression that Albanian sounds like Hindi.
If you will study the genetics of Indians, you will see, that the Hindi language was brought there from Iran.
Since maternal lines are not European, at Indians,but a part of paternal lines,in North India,are European.
I tried to find any cognates between current day Albanian and Hindi and I could not find any.
From the Indo-European languages, I think Albanian is most weird and is most "out" of the Indo-European languages group.

We will discuss about these questions in this thread, because thread about Rus is far from this matter, and these questions are core for this thread.

 

[FBS]

Sile
Name Albanopolis is one of indicators that Illyrians were Romanized in 2nd century.

Root of word is Latin: alba (Lat.) = white (Eng.)

We have a lot of names in Europe and beyond with root "alba":

Albocense: Dacian tribe

Alba: name for Scotland

Caucasus Albania: name of country in the Caucasus

Etc.

Nothing to do with Geges and Tosks who came several centuries after as Free Dacian tribes.

Albanians (Geges, Tosks) call themselves Shqiptarët, language is Shqipe.

Latin alba nothing to do with Shqipe word because their word is bardhë., it is Northern Thracian word, atested of Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu.

alba (Lat.) = white (eng.). = bardhë (Shq./Alb.)

And Romanized Illyrian Albanopilis, you can see Shqipe: Zgërdhesh - it is obviously word that has Northern Thracian root too.



Bastarnae originally was Germanic tribe.

But with new situations this tribe was less and less Germanic, it can be that Sarmatians became dominant, although Carpi were near, it can be their strong impact and it is possible strong impact of members another Free Dacian tribe.

Romanian scientists found that Carpi are Geges, but it is not clear yet who are Tosks, some opinions say Tosks are Costoboci.

German scientist Schramm argued that Bessoi were Albanian, this tribe is Thracian and lived south of Dacia in today's Bulgaria (Rodopi region), in Albanian (Shqipe): besë = trust (Eng.).

It is interesting what you think about Bastarnae.

Alb - Alp - is not white, it is mountain or that describes "mountainous terrain" while in modern times is more like "grazing pastures bellow the high peaks". Still no one knows the real etymology of the word but is definitely non-indoeuropean. Here is a quote from wikipedia:

The English word Alps derives from the Latin Alpes (through French). Maurus Servius Honoratus, an ancient commentator of Virgil, says in his commentary (A. X 13) that all high mountains are called Alpes by Celts. The term may be common toItalo-Celtic, because the Celtic languages have terms for high mountains derived from alp.
This may be consistent with the theory that in Greek Alpes is a name of non-Indo-European origin (which is common for prominent mountains and mountain ranges in the Mediterranean region). According to the Old English Dictionary, the LatinAlpes might possibly derive from a pre-Indo-European word *alb "hill"; "Albania" is a related derivation. Albania, a name not native to the region known as the country of Albania, has been used as a name for a number of mountainous areas across Europe. In Roman times, "Albania" was a name for the eastern Caucasus, while in the English language "Albania" (or "Albany") was occasionally used as a name for Scotland.^[5]
In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks.^[6] An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term "the Alps", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer.^[7][8] The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as Horn, Kogel, Kopf, Gipfel, Spitze, Stock, and Berg are used in German speaking regions; Mont, Pic,Tête, Pointe, Dent, Roche, and Aiguille in French speaking regions; and Monte, Picco, Corno, Punta, Pizzo, or Cima in Italian speaking regions.^[9]


Almost all the names that Albanians call/called themselves as a nation or as a region or clans have to do with peaks, hills or mountains. Malcor, Malsor, Matjan, Arben, Arbër, Kelmend (kelm - Chelm), etc.
While "Shqipe" - denotes all the people who speak "our language" both lowlands and highlands. It is the same logic as the Slavs distinguish themselves as the ones who speak/write "our language" and those who do not for eg for Germans "Nemci" - "the mutes".

 

[LABERIA]

Alb - Alp - is not white, it is mountain or that describes "mountainous terrain" while in modern times is more like "grazing pastures bellow the high peaks". Still no one knows the real etymology of the word but is definitely non-indoeuropean. Here is a quote from wikipedia:

The English word Alps derives from the Latin Alpes (through French). Maurus Servius Honoratus, an ancient commentator of Virgil, says in his commentary (A. X 13) that all high mountains are called Alpes by Celts. The term may be common toItalo-Celtic, because the Celtic languages have terms for high mountains derived from alp.
This may be consistent with the theory that in Greek Alpes is a name of non-Indo-European origin (which is common for prominent mountains and mountain ranges in the Mediterranean region). According to the Old English Dictionary, the LatinAlpes might possibly derive from a pre-Indo-European word *alb "hill"; "Albania" is a related derivation. Albania, a name not native to the region known as the country of Albania, has been used as a name for a number of mountainous areas across Europe. In Roman times, "Albania" was a name for the eastern Caucasus, while in the English language "Albania" (or "Albany") was occasionally used as a name for Scotland.^[5]
In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks.^[6] An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term "the Alps", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer.^[7][8] The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as Horn, Kogel, Kopf, Gipfel, Spitze, Stock, and Berg are used in German speaking regions; Mont, Pic,Tête, Pointe, Dent, Roche, and Aiguille in French speaking regions; and Monte, Picco, Corno, Punta, Pizzo, or Cima in Italian speaking regions.^[9]


Almost all the names that Albanians call/called themselves as a nation or as a region or clans have to do with peaks, hills or mountains. Malcor, Malsor, Matjan, Arben, Arbër, Kelmend (kelm - Chelm), etc.
While "Shqipe" - denotes all the people who speak "our language" both lowlands and highlands. It is the same logic as the Slavs distinguish themselves as the ones who speak/write "our language" and those who do not for eg for Germans "Nemci" - "the mutes".

Pls, has nothing to do with alps, forrests, mountain etc. During the middle age the Albanians called themselves Arber in south Albania and the country Arberi, or Arben in North Albania and the country Arbeni, the famous Geg n which became the Tosk r. The root of the word is Arb. The bysantines called in greek this people Arvanites And the country Arvana, or Arvani. You know that b in greek can be read as v. The serbs called us Arbanasi. The latins called us Albanesi and the country Albania. Always the root is the same: Arb. In greek became Arv and in latin Alb.

 

[FBS]

Celtic/Gaelic
Ben^[1] From beinn [peiɲ], mountain.

Prefix (in most of indo-european languages and semitic)
ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, an-,ap-, ar-, as-, at: "adhere", "approach", "pertaining to", "from"

So Ar-Ben, Ar-Ber (tosk version with "r") means people of the mountains or Highlanders (Malsor, Malcor, even Delmat that is always amateurishly considered as sheep etymology - "delme" is actually "Del"-"Men" (now Djelmnia for eg in Gheg) and Mat - Mountain that would nowadays in modern Albanian mean "Warriors of the mountain")

Trying to understand old names with the today's logic of modern language is amateurish. With the today's language bias we come up to childish conclusions by trying to oversimplify the meaning or construction of old names.

 

[DejaVu]

Pls, has nothing to do with alps, forrests, mountain etc. During the middle age the Albanians called themselves Arber in south Albania and the country Arberi, or Arben in North Albania and the country Arbeni, the famous Geg n which became the Tosk r. The root of the word is Arb. The bysantines called in greek this people Arvanites And the country Arvana, or Arvani. You know that b in greek can be read as v. The serbs called us Arbanasi. The latins called us Albanesi and the country Albania. Always the root is the same: Arb. In greek became Arv and in latin Alb.

Lies!

Arberesh dont exist as self-proclaimed identity.

Arberesh is of Norman origin.

When the Normans arrived in Albania during the thirteenth century they called the region Arborea and reffered to the people as forest dwellers.

"The Italo-Albanian Villages of southern Italy,
by George Nicholas Nasse"

 

[Garrick]

Almost all the names that Albanians call/called themselves as a nation or as a region or clans have to do with peaks, hills or mountains. Malcor, Malsor, Matjan, Arben, Arbër, Kelmend (kelm - Chelm), etc.
While "Shqipe" - denotes all the people who speak "our language" both lowlands and highlands. It is the same logic as the Slavs distinguish themselves as the ones who speak/write "our language" and those who do not for eg for Germans "Nemci" - "the mutes".

It has explanation:

Carpi or Carpians, mountain people, mountaineers, Old Albanian karpë = rock, crag, cliff. They lived out of Roman Dacia in Carpathian mountains and beyond.

Dr Russu argued that Illyrian language dissapeared in 2nd century, and Illyrans were completely Romanized.

But Northern Thracian survived.

Only areas where language survived are areas in border of Dacia and beyond, where lived Free Dacian tribes.

Carpi spoke language which can be classified as Northern Thracian and it is language of today's Albanian.

Bulgarian scientists say that Thracian could survive not only in Free Dacia lands where lived Carpi, than in some isolated areas in Bulgaria too.

Thracian or more precisely Northern Thracian survived but Illyrian no (dead in 2nd century).

Today two languages compete which of them is more linked to Northern Thracian: Albanian (both Gege and Tosks) and Old Church Slavonic (and all its successors).

What is interesting one American study, based on mathematics, say that Albanian is the smallest related with other IE languages, but it is the closest to Old Church Slavonic and Lithuanian. They didn't find link Albanian with Latin, Old English Gothic and Western IE.They considered only original Albanian words, not borrowed. They didn't consider Armenian, Iranian and Indic.

What can link Albanian with Balto-Slavic. It is Thracian/Northern Thracian substratum. Areas where Carpi and other Free Dacian tribes lived, todays Northern and Eastern Romania, parts of Moldova, Southern-West Ukraine, Eastern Slovakia and Southern Poland, Carpatihan mountains and beyond.

Carpi are Geges, but which tribe are Tosks. There are several candidates, between them are Costoboci, another Free Dacian tribe.
...

Larcher, with editions and additions by Cooley, in History of Herodotus writes that the language of the Skipetars (today Shqiptarët) is from:

skipe - crag

tar - massculine termination

It means: skipe has same meanings as Old Albanian karpë.

Skipetars - mountainer people, mountaineers, same as Carpi, Carpians.

From Skipetar emerged Shqiptar => S -> Sh, k -> q.

Old Albanian karpë = crag, present day Albanian shkrep, but I didn't know for term skipe. If skipe = crag it is logicall explanation of name Shqiptar (Albanian).

 

[Milan]

It has explanation:

Carpi or Carpians, mountain people, mountaineers, Old Albanian karpë = rock, crag, cliff. They lived out of Roman Dacia in Carpathian mountains and beyond.

Dr Russu argued that Illyrian language dissapeared in 2nd century, and Illyrans were completely Romanized.

But Northern Thracian survived.

Only areas where language survived are areas in border of Dacia and beyond, where lived Free Dacian tribes.

Carpi spoke language which can be classified as Northern Thracian and it is language of today's Albanian.

Bulgarian scientists say that Thracian could survive not only in Free Dacia lands where lived Carpi, than in some isolated areas in Bulgaria too.

Thracian or more precisely Northern Thracian survived but Illyrian no (dead in 2nd century).

Today two languages compete which of them is more linked to Northern Thracian: Albanian (both Gege and Tosks) and Old Church Slavonic (and all its successors).

What is interesting one American study, based on mathematics, say that Albanian is the smallest related with other IE languages, but it is the closest to Old Church Slavonic and Lithuanian. They didn't find link Albanian with Latin, Old English Gothic and Western IE.They considered only original Albanian words, not borrowed. They didn't consider Armenian, Iranian and Indic.

What can link Albanian with Balto-Slavic. It is Thracian/Northern Thracian substratum. Areas where Carpi and other Free Dacian tribes lived, todays Northern and Eastern Romania, parts of Moldova, Southern-West Ukraine, Eastern Slovakia and Southern Poland, Carpatihan mountains and beyond.

Carpi are Geges, but which tribe are Tosks. There are several candidates, between them are Costoboci, another Free Dacian tribe.
...

Larcher, with editions and additions by Cooley, in History of Herodotus writes that the language of the Skipetars (today Shqiptarët) is from:

skipe - crag

tar - massculine termination

It means: skipe has same meanings as Old Albanian karpë.

Skipetars - mountainer people, mountaineers, same as Carpi, Carpians.

From Skipetar emerged Shqiptar => S -> Sh, k -> q.

Old Albanian karpë = crag, present day Albanian shkrep, but I didn't know for term skipe. If skipe = crag it is logicall explanation of name Shqiptar (Albanian).

I also think that Karpe has Dacian root,the same word Karpa with same meaning exist in Macedonian and Bulgarian language,it is found among Poles too which hints to it's Dacian base with it's cognates.