Greying Wanderer
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well, that is not what this study is about, but I agree with your first line,
but I can't imagine slavery among nomadic HG tribes, it would not be practical
but there was a frontier in SW Asia of 75000 years (125-50 ka) between Neanderthals and homo sapiens, and they didn't merge, I think that says enough
The paper shows they could have merged but the end result would be the same.
Three assumptions.
1) Neanderthal were cold adapted
2) the earth warmed up gradually created a rolling series of warmer latitude bands over time from the south to the north
3) the AMH coming from the warmer south always had larger numbers along the border
Then if
- Neanderthal and AMH females randomly troupe swapped along the border like chimps
- the population ratio each time was say 2:1
then the Neanderthal along the border would become 50% AMH in the first wave while the AMH along the border would only become 25% Neanderthal - repeated over time I think it stabilizes somewhere around both being c. 75% AMH just due to larger AMH starting population.
So if both populations select against the minority component (except for the most beneficial genes) then they'd both end up with the same final percentage.
Repeat for each latitude band as warming continues.
The only differences would be the *last* populations to go through the process might still have a higher percentage of Neanderthal DNA or more recently (less anciently) had a larger percentage.