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Ancient DNA from Xueshan and Lower Xiajiadian cultures (Neolithic Northern China)
Genetic diversity of two Neolithic populations provides evidence of farming expansions in North China
Ye Zhang 2016
Xueshan culture (Jiangjialiang site) 5600–4900 BP (s=17)
58.8% N*-M231 (xN1c2a-M128, N1c1-Tat)
41.2% N1c1-Tat
mtDNA
R = 17.1%
>R* = 4.9%
>B = 9.8%
>F = 2.4%
N = 14.6%
>A = 14.6%
Lower Xiajiadian culture (Sanguan site) 4500–3500 BP (s=4)
100% O2-M122
"The earliest evidence of crop domestication dates to 8500 BP at the Xinglongwa site"