Genetics of Negritos and related groups

[Tomenable]

The Andaman Association created by George Weber has been researching Negrito populations for over a dozen years. They used to have a website "George Weber's Lonely Islands" at www.andaman.org. It seems that they also published a book ("Lonely Islands: The Andamanese Bibliography", Andaman Association, 1999).

The old website disappeared by the end of 2013, but it can be found in web archive:

https://web.archive.org/web/20130520190644/http://www.andaman.org/index.htm

https://web.archive.org/web/20130402150943/http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter6/text6.htm

https://web.archive.org/web/20130402190016/http://andaman.org/BOOK/chapter47/text47.htm

Since 2014 there is a new website but not all info from the old site has been added:

http://www.andamans.org/

The following groups have been classified as Negrito or Negrito-like by George Weber:

Indian Subcontinent:

01 Vedda
02 Kadar, Kanikkar, Kurumbar, Palliyan, Panyan,
00 Puliyan, and Urali
03 Irular
04 Yanadi
05 Chenchu, Ho
06 Oraon
07 Gond
08 Birhor
09 Santal
10 Naga

Bay of Bengal:

11 Andamanese - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_Islands#Indigenous_Andamanese
12 Nicobarese - https://web.archive.org/web/2013050...an.org/NICOBAR/book/photoalbum/Nicophotos.htm

Continental Southeast Asia:

13 Moken
14 Shompen - https://web.archive.org/web/20130605062748/http://www.andaman.org/NICOBAR/book/Shompen/Shompen.htm
15 Yumbri
16 Takkui
17 Porr (Jong)
18 Moi (Anu-chu, Jarai, or Montagnards)
19 Senoi, Sakai (Malaysia)
20 Semang (Malaysia) and Mani (Thailand)

Indonesia:

21 Niasan
22 Mentaweians
23 Sugganese
24 Sumatran Kubus
25 Lingga Kubus
26 Bangka Kubus
27 Belitung Kubus
28A Alorese, Pantarese, some Timorese, etc.
28B Kalang (extinct)
29 Alfur, etc.
30 Tobelorese, etc.
31 Toradja, etc.
32 Toala
33 Loinang, Laki, etc.
34 Punan

Papua and New Guinea:

35 Tapiro
36 Botem
37 pygmies of the Sepik source area
38 pygmies of the Torricelli Mountains
39 Ayome pygmies
40 Kamaweka
41 pygmies of the Gogol and Ramu river areas
42 Normanby island pygmies
43 population in the interior of the Gazelle peninsula (New Britain)

The Philippines:

44 Aeta
45 Alangan (Mindoro)
46 Batak (Palawan)
47 Dumagat Negritos
48 Ati (Panay)
49 Ati (Negros)
50 Mamanua (Mindanao)
51 Tiruray, Ata, Upland Bagobo

Australia:

52 Bathurst and Melville islanders
53 Barrineans (Atherton plateau or Queensland Negritos)
54 Tasmanians

I can add also several groups from Oceania to that list:

Oceania:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pygmy_peoples#Oceania

55 Palau Negritos
56 Vanuatu Negritos - I saw a photo of a man who is 50% Vanuatu Negrito + 50% German-Canadian*

*Unfortunately this man has not tested his DNA so far.

Vanuatu
During the 1900s when Vanuatu was known as New Hebrides, sizable Negrito tribes were first reported throughout northeastern Santo. It is likely that they are not limited to this region of New Hebrides. Nonetheless, there is no anthropological evidence linking Negritos to other islands of Vanuatu.[54][57]

Fiji
Norman Gabel mentions that rumours exist of pygmy people in the interior mountains of Viti Levu in Fiji, but explains he had no evidence of their existence.[53] E.W. Gifford reiterates Gabel's statement and claims that tribes of pygmies in the closest proximity to Fiji would most likely be found in Vanuatu.[54]

What exactly do we know about autosomal genetics and haplogroups of these populations?

Are any Negrito genomes available in HGDP, have any of them been uploaded to GEDmatch?

I have previously uploaded a South-Western Australian sample to GEDmatch:

http://www.eupedia.com/forum/threads/33148-Ancient-Australian-DNA

I wonder how much different from that sample would Australian Negritos be?:

52 Bathurst and Melville islanders
53 Barrineans (Atherton plateau or Queensland Negritos)
54 Tasmanians

 

[bicicleur 2]

acording to YFull the D*-D1 split is 46.5 ka, D* being old Sundaland and D1 China and Japan
other Y-DNA in old Sundaland and Sahul is C1b and K2b for which TMRCA are later (45.4 ka and 44 ka)

any Y-DNA older than D has gone extinct in old Sundaland and Sahul, but probably a lot of older autosomal DNA still exists and is part of present DNA of people in this part of the world

the site gives a good overview of what happened prior to the expansions of D, C1b and K2b
maybe in the future nuclear DNA will give some understanding about admixture events that happened during that period in the area between Africa and Sahul

 

[bicicleur 2]

checking further, there are quite some inacuracies in the site ..

 

[Tomenable]

Some Negrito and neighbouring samples from EGDP:

http://eurogenes.blogspot.com.au/2016/09/estonian-biocentre-human-genome.html

Y-DNA haplogroups:

Gond1 - O2a2
Ho1 - O2a2
Santh1 - R2a
Aeta1 - S3a1
Aeta2 - S3a1
Aeta3 - C7b1
Agta2 - O1b
Agta1 - P2
Agta3 - O1a
Bajo2 - C2a1a
Bajo17 - S1
Bajo19 - C2
Bajo21 - O3i
Batak1 - O1c
Batak2 - O1c
Batak3 - O3i
Dusun10
Dusun7 - O2a2
Dusun5
Dusun14
Dusun12 - O2a2
Dusun11
Dusun8 - C9
Dusun4
Igorot6
Igrt1 - O3e
Igorot5
Igorot3
Igorot4
Igrt2
Igrt3
Igrt4
Lebb1 - O2a2
Lebb2 - S2
Lebb3 - C7a
Lebb4 - C7a
Murut19 - Q2c
Murut13 - O1c
Murut11
Murut4
Murut3 - C7b1
Murut20
Murut6 - O1c
Murut5 - C7b1

checking further, there are quite some inacuracies in the site ..

Any examples?

 

[bicicleur 2]

Idaltu is not considered modern human, neither pré-modern human, but a side branch
Neanderthals didn't exist till 24 ka, they went extinct 40 ka
stuff like that

 

[MOESAN]

Is not "negrito" a term reserved to a specia type of pop? This list of pops above is very impressive and seems a medley of diverse ones with diverse stories, does it not seem? (I confess I'm not knowldeged on the very matter)

 

[Tomenable]

Any Vedda autosomal DNA samples have been published?