Perhaps the papers, and the amateur community, have done everyone a disservice in "only" looking at averages. It's important to know the variation as well, both for understanding source populations and levels of admixture, and for comparison to other ancient and modern samples.
Look at the variation in the Mycenaean samples.
Distance to: | I9006_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Agia_Kyriaki_Salamis |
14.81901481 | Sephardic_Jews |
15.58023323 | Italy_Calabria |
15.79488101 | Italy_Campania |
15.86489521 | Ashkenazy_Jews |
15.92790005 | Ashkenazi |
17.40529244 | Italy_Sicily |
17.57771316 | Greek_Crete |
17.77067247 | Morocco_Jews |
17.96504160 | Italy_Abruzzo |
18.82986989 | Greek |
19.61582749 | Italy_Apulia |
19.66680452 | Cypriots |
20.61383560 | Italy_Marche |
20.70738516 | Greek_Cappadocia |
21.83485251 | Italy_Lazio |
22.10320737 | France_Corsica |
23.16245237 | Italy_Romagna |
24.24396420 | Crimean_Tatar_Coast |
24.91841287 | Nusayri_Turkey |
24.97059330 | Italy_Tuscany |
26.46765367 | Italy_Emilia |
26.82342260 | Turk_West_BlackSea |
27.33735778 | Italy_Liguria |
27.35662077 | Turk_Central_West |
27.73607759 | Albanian_Kosovo |
arget: I9006_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Agia_Kyriaki_Salamis
Distance: 2.4755% / 2.47548835 | |
41.0 | Sardinian |
| |
31.8 | Cypriots |
| |
24.4 | Abhkasians |
| |
2.2 | Ashkenazi |
| |
0.6 | Japanese |
Distance to: | I9033_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Peristeria_Tryfilia_Peloponnese | | |
12.27120108 | France_Corsica | | |
14.32152359 | Italy_Marche | | |
14.68387571 | Italy_Campania | | |
15.25370406 | Italy_Abruzzo | | |
15.67295122 | Italy_Romagna | | |
15.85919560 | Italy_Sicily | | |
15.87056092 | Italy_Lazio | | |
16.19717395 | Italy_Calabria | | |
16.51763573 | Italy_Tuscany | | |
17.23109399 | Ashkenazi | | |
17.67637947 | Italy_Emilia | | |
17.81472986 | Greek | | |
17.82236516 | Ashkenazy_Jews | | |
17.92499729 | Italy_Apulia | | |
18.11262273 | Italy_Liguria | | |
18.22126779 | Sephardic_Jews | | |
18.43265038 | Morocco_Jews | | |
19.90943408 | Italy_Lombardy | | |
20.53450754 | Greek_Crete | | |
21.60349458 | Italy_Piedmont | | |
21.89247381 | Italy_Veneto | | |
22.18968679 | Albanian_Kosovo | | |
22.92617064 | Albanian_North | | |
23.81265026 | Swiss_Italian | | |
24.51374259 | Italy_FriuliVG | | |
Target: I9033_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Peristeria_Tryfilia_Peloponnese
Distance: 3.6847% / 3.68474748 | ADC: 0.25x | | | |
56.2 | Ashkenazy_Jews | | |
| | | |
28.4 | Sardinian | | |
| | | |
13.8 | France_Corsica | | |
| | | |
1.2 | YRI30 | | |
| | | |
0.2 | Abhkasians | | |
| | | |
0.2 | Yoruba | | |
| | | |
I9041_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese,2.87,0,2.57,0,37.48,8.67,0,0.36,10.29,0,37.52,0.24
Distance to: | I9010_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese |
13.55233139 | Italy_Campania |
14.13797717 | Italy_Calabria |
14.48416031 | Sephardic_Jews |
14.61318925 | Ashkenazi |
14.65877553 | Morocco_Jews |
14.91203692 | Italy_Sicily |
15.08998197 | France_Corsica |
15.18027377 | Italy_Abruzzo |
15.51886394 | Italy_Marche |
15.72085239 | Ashkenazy_Jews |
16.97325909 | Italy_Lazio |
17.49433337 | Italy_Romagna |
17.49709084 | Italy_Apulia |
17.70788807 | Greek |
18.28898849 | Greek_Crete |
18.88948094 | Italy_Tuscany |
20.35369266 | Italy_Emilia |
20.60290849 | Italy_Liguria |
22.88537126 | Italy_Lombardy |
23.64104693 | Albanian_Kosovo |
24.33396639 | Italy_Piedmont |
24.58295751 | Albanian_North |
24.75683264 | Italy_Veneto |
24.83940619 | Cypriots |
25.03009988 | Crimean_Tatar_Coast |
Target: I9010_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese
Distance: 3.2754% / 3.27542614 | ADC: 0.25x | | 57.4 | Ashkenazi | | | 27.0 | Sardinian | | | 14.2 | Sephardic_Jews | | | 1.4 | Yemen_Jews |
|
Target: I9010_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese
Distance: 2.1375% / 2.13751088 | |
37.0 | Ashkenazi |
| |
34.4 | Sardinian |
| |
18.6 | Samaritians |
| |
5.4 | Bulgarians |
| |
3.6 | Greek |
| |
1.0 | Dai |
Distance to: | I9041_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese |
11.44677448 | Italy_Campania |
12.33129841 | Italy_Calabria |
13.13825497 | Italy_Abruzzo |
13.15328096 | Ashkenazi |
13.22250222 | Italy_Sicily |
13.57535267 | Sephardic_Jews |
13.66806131 | Ashkenazy_Jews |
14.38034346 | Italy_Marche |
15.07364588 | Greek |
15.15563578 | France_Corsica |
15.34010430 | Morocco_Jews |
15.46971390 | Italy_Apulia |
15.81161769 | Italy_Lazio |
15.98990306 | Greek_Crete |
16.70016766 | Italy_Romagna |
18.37812967 | Italy_Tuscany |
19.91440511 | Italy_Emilia |
20.56554327 | Italy_Liguria |
22.03402823 | Crimean_Tatar_Coast |
22.26987202 | Albanian_Kosovo |
22.56625800 | Cypriots |
22.73267317 | Italy_Lombardy |
23.21611725 | Albanian_North |
23.53980884 | Greek_Cappadocia |
24.18255797 | Italy_Piedmont |
Target: I9041_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese
Distance: 0.9465% / 0.94648721 | |
31.8 | Sardinian |
| |
22.6 | Cypriots |
| |
20.2 | Ashkenazi |
| |
15.4 | Greek |
| |
7.0 | Abhkasians |
| |
2.8 | Bulgarians |
| |
0.2 | Sandawe_He |
| |
Target: I9041_Bronze_Age_Mycenaean_Galatas_Apatheia_Peloponnese
Distance: 2.5374% / 2.53738883 | ADC: 0.25x | |
36.8 | Ashkenazy_Jews |
| |
25.4 | Sardinian |
| |
18.4 | Cypriots |
| |
12.6 | Greek |
| |
6.8 | Italy_Campania |
There's quite a bit of variation, but in the list of "admixtures" either Ashkenazi/Sephardi, or Cypriots or both show up, populations with some of degree of Levantine admixture. One sample even has "Samaritans" as part of the mix.
The variation could be explained by a not completely stable culture wide admixture because not enough time had passed for complete admixture.
What, however, of this more Levantine or Levantine tinged strand?
Now, there's no historical evidence whatsoever for migrations from the Levant proper. The authors found only a tiny bit, if I remember correctly, in the average of the Mycenaeans.
So, is it a "false positive" of sorts, i.e. just showing more "southern" early farmer ancestry that was not yet completely admixed?
Or, did some of the people who migrated to Greece bringing Iran Neo like ancestry come from areas with more Levant like Neo as well, i.e. ancestry not from northwest Anatolia, but from southeast Anatolia near Syria?
When it comes to populations like the people of Crete, or even Cyprus, are we then looking only at Bronze Age admixture from non-Levantines rather than more recent admixture from true Levantine populations?
What application would that have to southern Italian populations?
One confounding factor might be sample quality. Anyone know if some of these samples are sub-par?