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For the first time in recent history, the trends of extending longevity are being reversed due to unhealthy eating habits. The so called, “Western diet”, which consists of fast-food and junk food entails high fat, high sugar, and low fiber. As a consequence to consumption of this diet, the body is genetically-reprogrammed to cause immune cells to act aggressively. Even after switching to a healthy diet, the affects of the "Western diet" are long lasting. Regular consumption of the “Western diet” produces a biological reaction that is the equivalent of being exposed to a virulent bacterial infection. This causes an acute inflammatory response. Moreover, because of this aggressive immune-system response, the “Western diet” could ultimately lead to diseases such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis and stroke.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-01-fast-food-immune-aggressive-term.html
Long-term epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells in response to microbes, also termed “trained immunity,” causes prolonged altered cellular functionality to protect from secondary infections. Here, we investigated whether sterile triggers of inflammation induce trained immunity and thereby influence innate immune responses. Western diet (WD) feeding of Ldlr−/− mice induced systemic inflammation, which was undetectable in serum soon after mice were shifted back to a chow diet (CD). In contrast, myeloid cell responses toward innate stimuli remained broadly augmented. WD-induced transcriptomic and epigenomic reprogramming of myeloid progenitor cells led to increased proliferation and enhanced innate immune responses. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis in human monocytes trained with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) suggested inflammasome-mediated trained immunity. Consistently, Nlrp3−/−/Ldlr−/− mice lacked WD-induced systemic inflammation, myeloid progenitor proliferation, and reprogramming. Hence, NLRP3 mediates trained immunity following WD and could thereby mediate the potentially deleterious effects of trained immunity in inflammatory diseases.
http://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(17)31493-9?_returnURL=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867417314939%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-01-fast-food-immune-aggressive-term.html