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Another waste of academic resources. Obviously the horse was domesticated 7000 years ago, arguably warfare was impossible without them.
Roads are probably an alternative to horses, but horses are likely still a requirement for genocidal war, as it made war easier and more profitable.Horses just meant you could go on long-distance, not just short-distance, raids. Wagons meant you could haul back more loot.
I'm not sure what the weird smiley is about.Right. Better throw in some plague and some population crashes too.
I'm not sure what the weird smiley is about.
It's possible that Y-DNA gives some protection against disease, and it most certainly plays a role in alcoholism. The invention of wine is believed to be around 7000 BC in China, so if that played a role we'd expect an earlier bottleneck in China.
Another waste of academic resources. Obviously the horse was domesticated 7000 years ago, arguably warfare was impossible without them.
Roads are probably an alternative to horses, but horses are likely still a requirement for genocidal war, as it made war easier and more profitable.
If Amerindians had horses we might have seen two giant empires spanning each continent and bottlenecks similar to those seen in Eurasia.
conflict was more likely a neighbor-to-neighbor, or parochial, thing.
Well, conflict is more or less always a neighbor-to-neighbor affair. But when people move from Anatolia all the way to Portugal (however long this may take) "parochial" confrontations tend to turn into pretty recurrent events, and grow into a wide-scale adventure. It gives men time to learn from their mistakes, improve on strategies, weaponry, effective attitudes.
Horses are definitely an advantage, but I wonder why they are so insistently mentioned here, in a thread that refers to events dating two to three thousand years before they were domesticated.
It's obvious that warfare existed before horses, and it exists after them.
I see my earlier post missed the the scope of this thread with a few 1000 years, lol. Well done.
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