Population structure in Italy using ancient and modern samples

[Angela]

@Angela - the samples are raveane_aneli_montinaro, and there's no Emilia.

conversion_popname:
Albanian Albania
ITC-ABR_G Abruzzo
ITC-LAZ_G Lazio
ITC-MAR_G Marche
ITC-TSI_G Tuscany
ITC-UMB_G Umbria
ITN-FRI_G Friuli-Venezia-Giulia
ITN-LIG_G Liguria
ITN-LOM_G Lombrardy
ITN-TRE_G Trentino-Alto-Adige
ITN-VDA_G Aosta-Valley
ITN-VEN_G Veneto
ITS-BAS_G Basilicata
ITS-CAL_G Calabria
ITS-CAM_G Campania
ITS-MOL_G Molise
ITS-PUG_G Apulia

sample_names:
Albanian AL9
Albanian AL12
Albanian AL17
Albanian AL29
Albanian AL82
Albanian AL98
ITN-VEN_G ALP022
ITN-VEN_G ALP040
ITN-TRE_G ALP070
ITN-TRE_G ALP071
ITN-FRI_G ALP081
ITC-ABR_G Alp090
ITN-FRI_G ALP093
ITN-LIG_G ALP099
ITN-VEN_G Alp100
ITN-TRE_G ALP114
ITN-VEN_G ALP116
ITC-ABR_G Alp140
ITC-ABR_G ALP161
ITC-ABR_G Alp162
ITN-FRI_G ALP188
ITN-TRE_G ALP200
ITC-ABR_G ALP205
ITN-VEN_G ALP209
ITN-FRI_G ALP220
ITN-VDA_G ALP225
ITN-VDA_G ALP227
ITN-FRI_G ALP233
ITN-FRI_G ALP235
ITN-VEN_G ALP249
ITN-VEN_G ALP250
ITN-TRE_G ALP259
ITN-VEN_G ALP273
ITN-FRI_G ALP280
ITN-LOM_G ALP288
ITN-VEN_G ALP322
ITN-FRI_G ALP346
ITN-FRI_G ALP354
ITN-VEN_G ALP378
ITS-PUG_G ALP379
ITC-ABR_G Alp380
ITN-TRE_G ALP395
ITN-VEN_G Alp401
ITN-TRE_G ALP414
ITN-TRE_G ALP420
ITN-FRI_G ALP435
ITC-ABR_G Alp503
ITN-FRI_G ALP506
ITS-CAL_G ALP582
ITS-PUG_G ALP583
ITS-CAL_G ALP596
ITC-ABR_G Alp616
ITN-LOM_G BGD28
ITN-LOM_G BGD31
ITN-LOM_G BGD103
ITN-LOM_G BGD301
ITS-PUG_G cera1
ITS-PUG_G cera2
ITS-PUG_G cera8
ITS-PUG_G cera9
ITS-PUG_G GS32
ITS-PUG_G GS34
ITS-PUG_G GS47
ITN-VEN_G KF1800751
ITN-FRI_G KF1800761
ITN-VEN_G KF1800772
ITN-VEN_G KF1803105
ITN-VEN_G KF1803109
ITN-FRI_G KF1803129
ITN-VEN_G KF1803151
ITN-FRI_G KF2700922
ITN-FRI_G KF2700960
ITC-MAR_G MarABG010D
ITC-MAR_G MarABI020D
ITC-MAR_G MarABN020D
ITC-MAR_G MarABP050D
ITC-MAR_G MarABQ080D
ITC-MAR_G MarABU050D
ITC-MAR_G MarABY030D
ITC-MAR_G MarACM040D
ITC-MAR_G MarACO060D
ITC-MAR_G MarACO100D
ITC-MAR_G MarACV100D
ITC-MAR_G MarACW030D
ITC-MAR_G MarACW080D
ITC-MAR_G MarACY030D
ITC-MAR_G MarADC050D
ITC-MAR_G MarADG030D
ITC-TSI_G MURLO114
ITS-CAM_G NaN43TC
ITS-CAM_G NaN46TC
ITS-CAM_G NaN58AC
ITS-CAM_G NaN65DFG
ITS-CAM_G NaN77FAM
ITS-CAM_G NaN119AMR
ITS-CAM_G NaN128LA
ITS-CAM_G NaN195ST
ITS-CAM_G NaN207MM
ITS-CAM_G NaN212CR
ITS-CAM_G NaN238DM
ITS-CAM_G NaN275IS
ITS-CAM_G NaN289RM
ITS-CAM_G NaN293SF
ITC-LAZ_G NOR24
ITC-LAZ_G NOR28
ITC-UMB_G PG03
ITC-UMB_G PG04
ITC-UMB_G PG05
ITC-UMB_G PG06
ITC-UMB_G PG07
ITC-UMB_G PG08
ITC-UMB_G PG11
ITC-UMB_G PG12
ITC-UMB_G PG15
ITS-BAS_G PG16
ITS-BAS_G PG17
ITS-BAS_G PG18
ITS-BAS_G PG19
ITS-BAS_G PG20
ITS-BAS_G PG21
ITS-BAS_G PG22
ITS-BAS_G PG24
ITS-BAS_G PG25
ITS-MOL_G PG26
ITS-MOL_G PG27
ITC-LAZ_G PG28
ITC-LAZ_G PG30
ITS-PUG_G Pu2
ITS-PUG_G Pu3
ITS-PUG_G Pu7
ITS-PUG_G Pu8
ITS-PUG_G Pu45
ITC-TSI_G VO59
ITC-TSI_G VO65
ITC-TSI_G VO109

Thanks for the info, Salento

[Angela]

With the new samples


Distance to: Stefano
2.58623278 BGD31_Lombrardy
2.66323112 KF1800772_Veneto
2.78793831 ALP114_Trentino-Alto-Adige
3.39605654 BGD301_Lombrardy
3.55707745 BGD28_Lombrardy
3.72235141 BGD103_Lombrardy




These are the regional averages, for a reference


Italian_Abruzzo,7.59,0.03,3.23,0.04,29.12,16.1,0,0 .08,10.91,0.32,32.6,0
Italian_Aosta_Valley,5.82,0.06,1.62,0.14,40.65,29. 99,0.25,0.05,4.3,0.03,16.98,0.1
Italian_Apulia,7.38,0.32,2.81,0.34,26.2,17.19,0.27 ,0.27,11.31,0.41,33.36,0.15
Italian_Basilicata,8.9,0,3.92,0.1,27.08,14.41,0.67 ,0.62,11.23,0.05,32.98,0.04
Italian_Calabria,7,0.13,4.18,0.08,27,11.44,0.26,0. 6,13.52,0.22,35.45,0.1
Italian_Campania,7.07,0.09,2.82,0.09,28.91,13.73,0 .1,0.33,12.32,0.02,34.34,0.1
Italian_Emilia,6.13,0,1.15,0.18,37.61,22.76,0.14,0 .11,7.4,0.25,24.22,0.06
Italian_Friuli_VG,5.44,0.28,1.17,0.01,34.92,29.32, 0.08,0,7.03,0,21.72,0.02
Italian_Jew,5.91,0.27,5.61,0.28,26.04,8.53,0.36,1. 02,16.51,0.14,35.34,0
Italian_Lazio,6.73,0,2.67,0.05,31.7,19.82,0.26,0.0 7,9.79,0.17,28.75,0
Italian_Liguria,5.1,0.05,2.01,0.09,37.89,23.23,0.2 5,0.05,7.89,0.05,23.39,0
Italian_Lombardy,4.75,0.12,1.12,0.04,39.63,25.08,0 .17,0.01,6.41,0.03,22.62,0.03
Italian_Marche,6.42,0.08,2.38,0.05,32.91,18.72,0.2 9,0.27,9.80,0,29.042,0.03
Italian_Molise,6.89,0.1,2.32,0,29.31,15.22,0.03,0. 11,12.03,0.10,33.84,0.02
Italian_Piedmont,5.92,0.13,1.73,0.09,37.82,26.02,0 .04,0.04,6.73,0.02,21.37,0.1
Italian_Romagna,6.08,0,1.87,0.13,34.66,20.98,0.1,0 ,8.99,0,27.19,0
Italian_Sicily,7.31,0.48,4.59,0.10,27.22,13.45,0.2 5,0.65,12.1,0.05,33.16,0.64
Italian_Trentino,4.79,0.22,0.73,0.04,38.71,29.79,0 ,0,5.47,0.02,20.22,0
Italian_Tuscany,6.12,0.05,1.21,0.14,36.89,21.81,0. 16,0.06,8.21,0,25.36,0
Italian_Umbria,5.96,0.10,1.99,0.19,33.10,20.43,0.1 7,0.09,9.25,0.15,28.46,0.06
Italian_Veneto,5.44,0.04,1.43,0.18,36.93,27.16,0.0 6,0,5.73,0.15,22.83,0.03


Angela the BGD31_Lombrardy sample is closer to liguria and the ALP114_Trentino-Alto-Adige to Emilia, hence the similarity.


Distance to: BGD31_Lombrardy
3.70737104 Italian_Liguria
3.91035804 Italian_Lombardy
3.95045567 Italian_Emilia
4.73982067 Italian_Tuscany
6.07599375 Italian_Piedmont




Distance to: ALP114_Trentino-Alto-Adige
2.16497113 Italian_Emilia
2.17901354 Italian_Tuscany
2.61774712 Italian_Liguria
4.58607675 Italian_Lombardy
4.93049693 Italian_Romagna
5.97426983 Italian_Piedmont






Stuvanè, the ALP209_Veneto is really close to tuscany, liguria and emilia and the PG08_Umbria to Romagna.




Distance to: ALP209_Veneto
4.60722259 Italian_Tuscany
4.63417738 Italian_Liguria
4.66076174 Italian_Emilia
4.79977083 Italian_Veneto
4.92280408 Italian_Romagna


Distance to: PG08_Umbria
2.01905919 Italian_Romagna
3.00507903 Italian_Tuscany
3.37305500 Italian_Umbria
4.31461470 Italian_Emilia






Individual have a variation from their regional averages.

Well, they certainly can't be very close to either, because when there's an Emilia sample and a Liguria sample, my fits are less than one, and here it's 2.9.

[Palermo Trapani]

Salento: In the Raveane et al 2019 paper, there are two Sicilian Samples (not sure what the N=for each one), Sicily1 and Sicily 2 (I seem to remember 1 each from West and East Sicily)y, as well as 3 Sardinian. Sardinia 1, 2 and 3. Are those samples available to the public?

Thanks again, PT

[Jovialis]

Here is the PCA with all of the samples organized by region.

[Salento]

Salento: In the Raveane et al 2019 paper, there are two Sicilian Samples (not sure what the N=for each one), Sicily1 and Sicily 2 (I seem to remember 1 each from West and East Sicily)y, as well as 3 Sardinian. Sardinia 1, 2 and 3. Are those samples available to the public?

Thanks again, PT

… those were all the samples available, … though I have something similar to that from some other study, … I don’t want to create confusion, … I’ll post them later :)

[Palermo Trapani]

… those were all the samples available, … though I have something similar to that from some other study, … I don’t want to create confusion, … I’ll post them later :)

Salento: Ok, thanks!

[Salento]

Salento: Ok, thanks!

@PT ... some modern Sicilians unrelated to this thread, ... some lacking the study label.

TP05_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014,7.76,0,7.31,0,29.40,11.85,0,0,9.38,1.31,32.10,0.89
TP07_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014,8.32,0.77,5.64,0,26.41,12.48,1.43,2.69,11.62,0,30.64,0
SR60_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014,5.07,0,5.64,0,27.22,15.93,0,0.20,11.48,0,33.31,1.15
SR64_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014,7.97,0,3.45,0,29.75,13.44,0,2.33,12.10,0,30.48,0.48
C-Sicily50,6.22,0.50,3.62,0,27.78,14.29,0,0.96,12.97,0.12,32.19,1.35
E-Sicily18,4.57,0,4.55,0,28.22,14.85,0.37,0,15.10,0.38,31.41,0.56
W-Sicily1,7.27,0,4.47,0,28.58,13.24,0,1.03,10.76,0,34.42,0.23
W-Sicily3,6.69,0.09,4.53,0,28.83,12.64,0,0.47,12.19,0.18,34.27,0.12
W-Sicily5a,8.76,0,3.46,0.89,26.50,13.84,0,1.77,11.65,0.13,33.00,0
W-Sicily9,7.47,0.24,4.26,0,28.88,13.07,0,0.77,14.72,0,30.48,0.10
W-Sicily21,7.06,0,4.17,0.98,27.98,11.07,0.07,2.67,11.80,0,33.88,0.32
Ag-Sicily5,8.11,0,4.73,0,29.88,12.05,0,0.88,11.66,0,32.68,0
Ag-Sicily8,7.44,0.30,5.18,0.40,27.65,13.74,0.05,0.70,12.31,0,31.71,0.52

[Palermo Trapani]

Salento: Thanks for the Coordinates,

Distance to:	PalermoTrapani_ANCESTRY
2.74534151	SR64_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014
2.88513431	Ag-Sicily5
2.97045451	W-Sicily9
3.36884253	Ag-Sicily8
3.47981321	C-Sicily50
3.62692707	W-Sicily3
4.27519590	W-Sicily1
4.44958425	E-Sicily18
5.01247444	W-Sicily21
5.05732143	W-Sicily5a
5.51926626	SR60_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014
5.66633038	TP05_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014
5.80655664	TP07_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014

[Pax Augusta]

Nice to see some legitimate modern Italian samples (Albanians too). Now there's no question of authenticity.

They are exactly the same samples added in the G25. But in G25 there are also others, like Italian_Piedmont which is probably based on a sample from Val Borbera, TSI and others as well.

In which part of Liguria does ALP099 hail from?

Unclear and unknown. Perhaps some area in Savona province, but that is a guess based on studies.

While those from Marche and Umbria I found information based on their names and Marche samples are from Ancona (or province of Ancona) and Umbria samples from Perugia (or province of Perugia), respectively. For the Tuscan ones are the old ones from Volterra (VO) and Murlo (Siena). On the other hand, I have not yet figured out the origin of the Lazio ones.

With the new samples

Individual have a variation from their regional averages.

True. In individuals from each region there is individual variation, and this is true for any sample set, not just those from Italy. Then clearly, in some cases there can also be variations within the same region due to geographical reasons. Therefore, one should focus more on general trends.

[Pax Augusta]

Nice to see some legitimate modern Italian samples (Albanians too). Now there's no question of authenticity.

They are exactly the same samples added in the G25. But in G25 there are also others, like Italian_Piedmont which is probably based on a sample from Val Borbera, TSI and others as well.

In which part of Liguria does ALP099 hail from?

Unclear and unknown. Perhaps some area in Savona province, but that is a guess based on studies.

While those from Marche and Umbria I found information based on their names and Marche samples are from Ancona (or province of Ancona) and Umbria samples from Perugia (or province of Perugia), respectively. For the Tuscan ones are the old ones from Volterra (VO) and Murlo (Siena). On the other hand, I have not yet figured out the origin of the Lazio ones.

With the new samples

Individual have a variation from their regional averages.

True. In individuals from each region there is individual variation, and this is true for any sample set, not just those from Italy. Then clearly, in some cases there can also be variations within the same region due to geographical reasons. Therefore, one should focus more on general trends.

[Jovialis]

@pax I know, what I meant was that now we don't have to use the "updated" Dodecad populations made by apricity users and that racist Italian guy.

[Jovialis]

@PT ... some modern Sicilians unrelated to this thread, ... some lacking the study label.

TP05_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014,7.76,0,7.31,0,29.40,11.85,0,0,9.38,1.31,32.10,0.89
TP07_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014,8.32,0.77,5.64,0,26.41,12.48,1.43,2.69,11.62,0,30.64,0
SR60_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014,5.07,0,5.64,0,27.22,15.93,0,0.20,11.48,0,33.31,1.15
SR64_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014,7.97,0,3.45,0,29.75,13.44,0,2.33,12.10,0,30.48,0.48
C-Sicily50,6.22,0.50,3.62,0,27.78,14.29,0,0.96,12.97,0.12,32.19,1.35
E-Sicily18,4.57,0,4.55,0,28.22,14.85,0.37,0,15.10,0.38,31.41,0.56
W-Sicily1,7.27,0,4.47,0,28.58,13.24,0,1.03,10.76,0,34.42,0.23
W-Sicily3,6.69,0.09,4.53,0,28.83,12.64,0,0.47,12.19,0.18,34.27,0.12
W-Sicily5a,8.76,0,3.46,0.89,26.50,13.84,0,1.77,11.65,0.13,33.00,0
W-Sicily9,7.47,0.24,4.26,0,28.88,13.07,0,0.77,14.72,0,30.48,0.10
W-Sicily21,7.06,0,4.17,0.98,27.98,11.07,0.07,2.67,11.80,0,33.88,0.32
Ag-Sicily5,8.11,0,4.73,0,29.88,12.05,0,0.88,11.66,0,32.68,0
Ag-Sicily8,7.44,0.30,5.18,0.40,27.65,13.74,0.05,0.70,12.31,0,31.71,0.52

Great work once again! Keep it up! We can have all the samples decoded at this rate.

[Pax Augusta]

@pax I know, what I meant was that now we don't have to use the "updated" Dodecad populations made by apricity users and that racist Italian guy.

Whoever made them are not aberrant anyway, the big picture is more or less the same. To be nitpicky even these samples that come from Raveane 2019 have some problems. One would really have to wonder what is the point of releasing only one Ligurian sample, and not releasing any Piedmontese or Emilan samples. It would also have been helpful if it published information about the exact origin of the various samples. In northeastern Italy, there is quite a difference between the Po Valley, the Pre-Alps, the Alps, and language minorities. Personally, I care about accuracy more than the rest.

In any case, great work, as usual on your part. And a big thank you to Salento.

[Pax Augusta]

@PT ... some modern Sicilians unrelated to this thread, ... some lacking the study label.

TP05_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014,7.76,0,7.31,0,29.40,11.85,0,0,9.38,1.31,32.10,0.89
TP07_Trapani_LazaridisNat2014,8.32,0.77,5.64,0,26.41,12.48,1.43,2.69,11.62,0,30.64,0
SR60_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014,5.07,0,5.64,0,27.22,15.93,0,0.20,11.48,0,33.31,1.15
SR64_Siracusa_LazaridisNat2014,7.97,0,3.45,0,29.75,13.44,0,2.33,12.10,0,30.48,0.48
C-Sicily50,6.22,0.50,3.62,0,27.78,14.29,0,0.96,12.97,0.12,32.19,1.35
E-Sicily18,4.57,0,4.55,0,28.22,14.85,0.37,0,15.10,0.38,31.41,0.56
W-Sicily1,7.27,0,4.47,0,28.58,13.24,0,1.03,10.76,0,34.42,0.23
W-Sicily3,6.69,0.09,4.53,0,28.83,12.64,0,0.47,12.19,0.18,34.27,0.12
W-Sicily5a,8.76,0,3.46,0.89,26.50,13.84,0,1.77,11.65,0.13,33.00,0
W-Sicily9,7.47,0.24,4.26,0,28.88,13.07,0,0.77,14.72,0,30.48,0.10
W-Sicily21,7.06,0,4.17,0.98,27.98,11.07,0.07,2.67,11.80,0,33.88,0.32
Ag-Sicily5,8.11,0,4.73,0,29.88,12.05,0,0.88,11.66,0,32.68,0
Ag-Sicily8,7.44,0.30,5.18,0.40,27.65,13.74,0.05,0.70,12.31,0,31.71,0.52

Salento, a big thank you, great work!

Have you seen these?

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/que...i?acc=GSE53626

GSM1297338	SouthItalian4
GSM1297339	SouthItalian5
GSM1297340	SouthItalian6
GSM1297341	SouthItalian7
GSM1297342	SouthItalian8
GSM1297343	SouthItalian9
GSM1297344	SouthItalian10
GSM1297345	SouthItalian11
GSM1297346	SouthItalian12
GSM1297347	SouthItalian13
GSM1297348	SouthItalian14
GSM1297349	SouthItalian15
GSM1297350	SouthItalian16
GSM1297351	SouthItalian17
GSM1297352	SouthItalian18

GSM1297335	SouthItalian1
GSM1297336	SouthItalian2
GSM1297337	SouthItalian3 GSM1297438 EastSicilian1 GSM1297439 EastSicilian2 GSM1297440 EastSicilian3 GSM1297441 EastSicilian4 GSM1297442 EastSicilian5 GSM1297443 EastSicilian6 GSM1297444 EastSicilian7 GSM1297445 EastSicilian8 GSM1297446 EastSicilian9 GSM1297447 EastSicilian10 GSM1297448 WestSicilian1 GSM1297449 WestSicilian2 GSM1297450 WestSicilian3 GSM1297451 WestSicilian4 GSM1297452 WestSicilian5 GSM1297453 WestSicilian6 GSM1297454 WestSicilian7 GSM1297455 WestSicilian8 GSM1297456 WestSicilian9 GSM1297457 WestSicilian10

GSM1297484	Greek12
GSM1297485	Greek13
GSM1297486	Greek14
GSM1297487	Greek15
GSM1297488	Greek16
GSM1297489	Greek17
GSM1297490	Greek18
GSM1297491	Greek19
GSM1297492	Greek20

GSM1297371	Greek4
GSM1297372	Greek5
GSM1297373	Greek6
GSM1297374	Greek7
GSM1297375	Greek8
GSM1297376	Greek9
GSM1297377	Greek10
GSM1297378	Greek11

[Salento]

@Pax ... I didn't, ... maybe the Piemonte samples are from a Corsica paper, ... 9 ItalyPiedmont, 2 Piedmont, 7Tuscany, ...


https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-49901-8

[Pax Augusta]

@Pax ... I didn't, ... maybe the Piemonte samples are from a Corsica paper, ... 9 ItalyPiedmont, 2 Piedmont, 7Tuscany, ...


https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-49901-8

I don't know, but it is possible and most likely only the Corsicans are the new samples analyzed in this study, while all the others, including the Italians, are samples from previous studies.

[Jovialis]

Whoever made them are not aberrant anyway, the big picture is more or less the same. To be nitpicky even these samples that come from Raveane 2019 have some problems. One would really have to wonder what is the point of releasing only one Ligurian sample, and not releasing any Piedmontese or Emilan samples. It would also have been helpful if it published information about the exact origin of the various samples. In northeastern Italy, there is quite a difference between the Po Valley, the Pre-Alps, the Alps, and language minorities. Personally, I care about accuracy more than the rest.

In any case, great work, as usual on your part. And a big thank you to Salento.

I hope even more samples processed will resolve the issues of under sampling and absence of samples.

[Pax Augusta]

I hope even more samples processed will resolve the issues of under sampling and absence of samples.

Yes, I agree but anyway the picture is already clear. What we need are more ancient samples from prehistoric and protohistoric Italy. So far only a few areas have been covered.

[Jovialis]

Here is the PCA with the new Sicilian samples posted by Salento.

[Jovialis]

Here are my results with the multi tab:

[Palermo Trapani]

Jovialis: Thanks for the PCA in post #84.

[Salento]

I think that many of the samples I posted on #832 are the same samples that @Pax listed on #839, ... the samples were re-named and recycled for another study, ... see below.



ITS is the SouthItalian of Post #839

ITS2,10.04,0,1.14,0,27.18,15.93,0.93,0,11.33,0.26,33.19,0
ITS4,8.05,0,5.16,0,26.62,12.04,0,0,11.74,0.62,35.77,0
ITS5,5.86,1.35,2.20,0,30.35,16.61,0.65,0.06,11.71,0.58,30.45,0.19
ITS7,9.63,0,2.78,0.45,28.77,16.43,0,0.89,12.03,0,29.02,0

[Jovialis]

I think that many of the samples I posted on #832 are the same samples that @Pax listed on #839, ... the samples were re-named and recycled for another study, ... see below.



ITS is the SouthItalian of Post #839

ITS2,10.04,0,1.14,0,27.18,15.93,0.93,0,11.33,0.26,33.19,0
ITS4,8.05,0,5.16,0,26.62,12.04,0,0,11.74,0.62,35.77,0
ITS5,5.86,1.35,2.20,0,30.35,16.61,0.65,0.06,11.71,0.58,30.45,0.19
ITS7,9.63,0,2.78,0.45,28.77,16.43,0,0.89,12.03,0,29.02,0

Great work once again,

Here is a PCA with those new samples. I am fairly close to ITS7, any idea where that one is from?

[Salento]

Great work once again,

Here is a PCA with those new samples. I am fairly close to ITS7, any idea where that one is from?

ITS7 is from Crispiano, Province of Taranto, ... Puglia :)

ITS2 Naples
ITS4 Naples
ITS5 Salerno
ITS7 Crispiano

[enter_tain]

Here is the PCA with all of the samples organized by region.

You flip this 90 degrees and you essentially get the Italian "boot". It's interesting to see Albanians across the pond plot a little more north than they are geographically. I'm assuming without the Slavic/Gothic input they'd plot with Abruzzo.

[Pax Augusta]

I think that many of the samples I posted on #832 are the same samples that @Pax listed on #839, ... the samples were re-named and recycled for another study, ... see below.

Yes, it is absolutely possible, the samples are very often the same for years that from time to time are renamed in a different way in the studies. When the samples are really new it is specified in the study (also because it takes money to analyze new ones).