Angela
Veteran member
- Messages
- 21,793
- Reaction score
- 12,345
- Points
- 113
- Ethnic group
- Italian
See:
Alexander Immel et al (Krause group)
"[h=1]Genome-wide study of a Neolithic Wartberg grave community reveals distinct HLA variation and hunter-gatherer ancestry"[/h]
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-020-01627-4
This was just a few hundred years before the arrival of steppe people.
Interesting paper. Probably the high levels of HG in some of the samples, and the diversity, was because the admixture was recent, perhaps caused by a recent incorporation of a group of hunter gatherers.
The phenotype prediction is still largely HG with alleles favoring dark skin. Brown eyes from the farmer element had arrived (although blue eyed people still remained).
No alleles for lactase persistence, and not even for starch metabolism yet.
HG seems to have had more protection than moderns against viruses, but not against bacteria. No signs of plague or, for that matter TB or leprosy, so old ideas of Neolithic villages harboring a lot of TB were not supported by the findings here.
There's a lot of info on HLA.
Oh, all the men were I2a2
"The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3500-2800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We performed genome-wide analyses of 42 individuals who were interred in a WBC collective burial in Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3300-3200 cal. BCE). The results showed that the farming population of Niedertiefenbach carried a surprisingly large hunter-gatherer ancestry component (34–58%). This component was most likely introduced during the cultural transformation that led to the WBC. In addition, the Niedertiefenbach individuals exhibited a distinct human leukocyte antigen gene pool, possibly reflecting an immune response that was geared towards detecting viral infections."
Alexander Immel et al (Krause group)
"[h=1]Genome-wide study of a Neolithic Wartberg grave community reveals distinct HLA variation and hunter-gatherer ancestry"[/h]
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-020-01627-4
This was just a few hundred years before the arrival of steppe people.
Interesting paper. Probably the high levels of HG in some of the samples, and the diversity, was because the admixture was recent, perhaps caused by a recent incorporation of a group of hunter gatherers.
The phenotype prediction is still largely HG with alleles favoring dark skin. Brown eyes from the farmer element had arrived (although blue eyed people still remained).
No alleles for lactase persistence, and not even for starch metabolism yet.
HG seems to have had more protection than moderns against viruses, but not against bacteria. No signs of plague or, for that matter TB or leprosy, so old ideas of Neolithic villages harboring a lot of TB were not supported by the findings here.
There's a lot of info on HLA.
Oh, all the men were I2a2
"The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3500-2800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We performed genome-wide analyses of 42 individuals who were interred in a WBC collective burial in Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3300-3200 cal. BCE). The results showed that the farming population of Niedertiefenbach carried a surprisingly large hunter-gatherer ancestry component (34–58%). This component was most likely introduced during the cultural transformation that led to the WBC. In addition, the Niedertiefenbach individuals exhibited a distinct human leukocyte antigen gene pool, possibly reflecting an immune response that was geared towards detecting viral infections."