Genetic analysis of Ancient Gaul

[Maciamo]

I have created a page dedicated the the genetics of ancient Gauls. I calculated the Dodecad K12b average percentages for 16 Gaulish samples and ran them against modern populations in Vahaduo to obtain the closest matches.

[Duarte]

Congratulations Maciamo. Yes, very nice analysis for the ancient GauIs. I believe that Vahaduo Dodecad K12b can be a good calculator in most situations, especially if the miscegenation degree of the analyzed individual is not very high, which implies a greater correspondence of the individual percentages with the clusters of eachethnic group in populations spreadsheet. In my case, Portuguese and Iberian ancestry is evidenced with a the add of a small part of African ancestry, probably from slaves arrived in Brazil from Angola. The modern MTA calculator seems comes a little closer to the results of the EU K15, IMO.

Vahaduo modern Dodecad K12b:

Single:

Distance to:	Duarte
4.86428823	Portuguese
5.60963457	Spanish_Canarias
6.56048779	Spanish_Castilla-Leon
6.81144625	Spanish_Galicia
7.27809041	Spanish_Valencia
7.42806839	Spanish_Andalusia
7.74020026	Spanish_Baleares
8.34568751	Spanish_Asturias
8.43749370	Spanish_Catalonia
8.88155955	Spanish_Aragon
9.45535298	Spanish_Cantabria
10.56102268	Italian_Aosta_Valley
11.58249973	Spanish_La_Rioja
12.25061274	Swiss_Italian
12.33901941	Italian_Piedmont
12.77031715	Italian_Lombardy
12.98469869	Italian_Trentino
13.73355380	Italian_Liguria
13.90171572	Italian_Veneto
14.54954295	Italian_Emilia
14.56949896	French_Southwest
15.16802558	Italian_Friuli_VG
15.94834788	Italian_Tuscany
16.19828386	French_Corsica
16.20948796	French_Northeast

2way mix:

Target: Duarte Distance: 3.3272% / 3.32716206 | R2P
96.5	Portuguese
3.5	Bantu_S.E._Tswana

---

Target: Duarte Distance: 3.3850% / 3.38503466 | R2P
96.8	Portuguese
3.2	Mandenka

3way mix:

Target: Duarte Distance: 2.2211% / 2.22110742 | R3P
59.2	Portuguese
35.6	Spanish_Aragon
5.2	Luhya

Target: Duarte Distance: 2.3115% / 2.31152646 | R3P
62.1	Portuguese
33.2	Spanish_Aragon
4.7	Bantu_S.E._Tswana

Modern MTA:
Your closest genetic modern populations...
Info
1. Portuguese (6.307)
2. Spanish_Extremadura (7.061)
3. Spanish_Galicia (7.266)
4. Spanish_Cantabria (7.592)
5. Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon (7.609)
6. Spanish_Murcia (7.860)
7. Spanish_Cataluna (7.977)
8. Spanish_Castilla_La_Mancha (9.082)

[Jovialis]

Here is a Dodecad K12b PCA I had made of Bronze Age and Iron Age French samples compared to other ancient groups:

[Palermo Trapani]

Nice work Maciamo and Jovialis: Thanks Duarte for sharing your results: My top 25 distances (gradiant 50) for modern using Dodecad K12 (Vahaduo): Dodecad K7 has the Ancient Roman samples by Cluster (i.e. C1, C2...C6..C7) which I think Jovialis worked on if I remember correctly. Is there similar clustering of the Ancient Roman samples from Antonio et al 2019 in Dodecad K12? I know using K7, I get strong clustering with the C6 cluster that Jovialis is showing in his PCA which I also get with Modern Italian samples in Dodecad K12 Modern and Ancient single. I would think those Dodecad K12 matches are in the C6 cluster using Dodecad K12 as well.

Distance to:	PalermoTrapani
3.55695094	Italian_Campania
3.83109645	Italian_Abruzzo
4.03399306	Italian_Sicily
5.85703850	Italian_Calabria
6.29590343	Italian_Apulia
6.47651913	Ashkenazi_Jews
7.04365275	Italian_Marche
7.18862991	MD_Jewish
7.65706210	Italian_Lazio
7.90179726	Greek_Lemnos
8.92854971	Italian_Jews
9.03374230	Greek_Foca
9.04327927	Greek_Athens
9.04979005	Greek_Central
9.35666073	Greek_Fournoi
9.70223686	Greek_Izmir
10.45749014	Italian_Romagna
10.57145212	Greek_Crete
10.81484165	Greek_Peloponnese
11.64560432	Sephardic_Jews
11.69138999	Greek_Icaria
11.84918563	Albanian
12.07460558	Greek_Kos
12.38930587	Greek_Thrace
12.53945374	Morocco_Jews

top 25 Ancient:

Distance to:	PalermoTrapani
2.59038607	R56_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
2.76190152	R52_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
3.27177322	R122_Late_Antiquity_S_Ercolano_Necropolis_Ostia
3.34701359	R35_Late_Antiquity_Celio
3.84983117	R131_Imperial_Era_Via_Paisiello_Necropolis
4.10471680	R835_Imperial_Era_Civitanova_Marche
4.16370028	R1290_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
4.18976133	R437_Iron_Age_Palestrina_Selicata
4.32090268	R973_Medieval_Era_Tivoli_Palazzo_Cianti
4.40341913	Szolad40
4.54783465	R49_Imperial_Era_Centocelle_Necropolis
4.57668002	R117_Late_Antiquity_S_Ercolano_Necropolis_Ostia
4.82952379	R65_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
4.83867751	R54_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
5.03103369	R836_Imperial_Era_Civitanova_Marche
5.08341421	Collegno121
5.10995108	R57_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
5.30245226	R47_Imperial_Era_Centocelle_Necropolis
5.32897739	R59_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
5.43089311	R969_Medieval_Era_Tivoli_Palazzo_Cianti
5.46635162	R64_Medieval_Era_Villa_Magna
5.50746766	R121_Late_Antiquity_S_Ercolano_Necropolis_Ostia
5.68175149	R107_Late_Antiquity_Crypta_Balbi
5.70777540	R113_Imperial_Era_Via_Paisiello_Necropolis
5.90403252	R118_Late_Antiquity_S_Ercolano_Necropolis_Ostia

[MOESAN]

I have created a page dedicated the the genetics of ancient Gauls. I calculated the Dodecad K12b average percentages for 16 Gaulish samples and ran them against modern populations in Vahaduo to obtain the closest matches.

Interesting, Maciamo.
I notice in LN Switzerland, the Aesch25 (the only Y-R1b there and the late of the site) with 54,8% of 'north-euro', 19,8% 'gedrosia', a very reduced % of 'atlant-med', and 0% of 'NW-Africa' and Caucasus.
in other places, where I notice too some heterogeneity, we see the same link between 'north-euro' and 'gedrosia'; K12b is a special way (based on modern pops) to analyse admixture, and the opposition 'caucasus'-'gedrosia' has been criticised by someones, but I find all that very interesting, before to read it more serously. Thanks.

[MOESAN]

You speak of heterogeneity among Gauls, but the period of the highest heterogeneity is the BB's one, not surprising; after, it tends to homogenise progressively; all the way I wonder if the elite's exogamy doesn't explain the lasting of some heterogeneity; Celts were dominant tribes upon "loosers" before they underwent osmosis, and the DNA we have is I think rather the elite's one.