Excuse me, but let's get some things straight here. I come here once in a blue moon and it's turning into anthrogenica, and on some threads theapricity, with totally unsubstantiated claims being thrown at the wall to see what sticks. That's not how we do things on this site. If people have a point to make, they should present their evidence.
I have repeatedly pointed out, indeed, that there was no significant Slavic impact on Italy, not genetic and not even cultural. I know that both because the historical record is clear and because of the genetics we have, especially the yDna.
As far as the historical record is concerned, by the time the Slavs were on the move Italy was already conquered by the Germanics and they had enough control to turn the Slavs back at the northeastern border. It's all detailed in contemporary chronicles. As for the genetics, you need to have a magnifying glass to find Slavic R1a and Slavic I2a in Italy other than in the areas immediately adjacent to Slavic speaking areas in the northeast. Some of you seem fond of using yDna to support your claims. So am I. In this case, however, it supports my analysis. As for culture, where on earth someone could find evidence of "Slavic" culture in Italy is beyond me. It's ridiculous. Never did I ever say there was such a thing
Sorry, but the Balkans had their barbarian invasions and we had ours. Ours were less impactful than yours. I don't precisely know why, but maybe it was because so many of the Germanics were warriors, not family groups, whereas the Slavs were groups of farmers. Perhaps it was because the plague had a more significant impact in the Balkans. Regardless, it is what it is. What, you like our barbarians better?
To turn to the Greeks, I am on record as saying that I don't know how much of an impact they had, but for goodness' sakes it's clear they would have had a significant impact given the attested record of colonies, plus the omnipresence of Greek merchants in all the ports. Slavic input is found in the absence of any proof whatsoever, but an entire civilization on our shores is discounted? Precisely how much impact we'll wait and see, and yes, we'll wait and see, if someone ever publishes samples from the Bronze Age and early Iron Age in Southern mainland Italy, what those people were like, and how different they were from the Greeks.
If some posters on this thread knew Italian pre-history they would know that the Italics were late comers to the southern mainland, arriving after the Greeks in some cases. Do you think southern mainland Italy was empty? Does that make sense? Someone was trading with the Greeks in the Bronze Age. We have the "pots", so to speak, to prove it. Did they just disappear into smoke? I suggest some reading on the topic. As I've repeatedly said, and still maintain, we don't have Bronze Age samples from mainland Southern Italy, and until we have them, there's a piece of the puzzle missing.
Less there be any doubt about it, I have never said that there wasn't some impact on the Italian genome from the Imperial period. What I don't know is precisely how much and from where. I do know that every sample found in the capital city of an Empire is NOT going to belong to someone who stayed and admixed and reproduced. Is common sense not supposed to be one of the tools we use? For crying out loud, some of the samples from Antonio et al were from the port area where merchants and seamen stayed and no doubt died. Recently we got a bunch of samples, no doubt of slaves, from a dyeworks. You think they were being manumitted willy-nilly and blending into the population? Why, also, did the "trail into the Levant" disappear? We've gone over this ad nauseam.
That's not to say that some slaves weren't manumitted and that some merchants or even people from the provinces who had become wealthy landlords didn't come to Italy and stay. It would be more likely that the slaves with a brighter future would be from the east or Greeks because they were literate, or trained craftsmen etc. So, as I said, I don't deny there was some impact.
However, and I don't care which Lab is doing the analysis, you can't take every collection of bones you find in Imperial Italy and assume they are the bones of people whose dna went into the "pot". You can see it in the Early Medieval samples. Many of the bones were from monasteries. Do you know who stayed at monasteries? Travelers. In the Etruscan paper, if anyone bothered to read the part of the Supplement dealing with the archaeological context, some of the "Imperial" and "Early Medieval" bones had been picked off the ground and brought to a museum. How much, precisely, are we supposed to deduce from that?
That brings me to yDna. The paper on the Etruscans we have recently discussed showed a graphic where the "admixing" agent was a population from the Levant. It may be news to some people, but the Levant is high in a specific clade of J1. There is not enough of that kind of J1 in Italy to make that at all feasible. In fact, take all the J1 in Toscana. You can see the percentages on Maciamo's chart. Toscana has 2%. J2 is a different story, but still it's 11% in Toscana. And no, the Germanics didn't wipe it out because, as we've discussed over and over again, there's little Germanic dna in Toscana.
Francis Drake, whoever he is, wants to hang his hat on yDna, but it doesn't support these claims.
(I really do not get why Albanians haunt every thread on Italian genetics. Do you see us on "Albanian" threads, obsessing on your genetics and language? Why does it matter so much to you? I can understand intellectual curiosity; I certainly have it myself, and I try to analyze all the papers that come out, but this is way beyond that. I really don't understand what you're trying to prove, unless in some way it again goes back to the Greeks.)
Also, might I suggest that we not lose sight of the fact that not all the Roman Imperial samples were Anatolian, much less Levantine.
The latest run I did shows that I'm about 1/4 Imperial Roman. Here is the closest modern match for these remains.
[TABLE="class: distances"]
[TR]
[TH="align: right"]Distance to:[/TH]
[TH="align: left"]Via_Paisiello_Necropolis_Imperial_Rome:R111:Antonio_2019[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #95FF00, align: right"]4.37268796[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Romagna[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #96FF00, align: right"]4.40196547[/TD]
[TD]French_Corsica[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #9AFF00, align: right"]4.52567122[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Tuscany[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #B6FF00, align: right"]5.34800374[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Marche[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #CDFF00, align: right"]6.02374468[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Emilia[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #E0FF00, align: right"]6.60205271[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Lazio[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #EDFF00, align: right"]6.97389418[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Liguria[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FFBD00, align: right"]9.43665725[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Lombardy[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF9F00, align: right"]10.32837354[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Piedmont[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF9400, align: right"]10.64679294[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Abruzzo[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF8B00, align: right"]10.91365200[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Veneto[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF7800, align: right"]11.46594523[/TD]
[TD]Albanian[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF5E00, align: right"]12.24593810[/TD]
[TD]Greek_Thrace[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF5B00, align: right"]12.31293223[/TD]
[TD]Greek_Thessaly[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF5900, align: right"]12.37012530[/TD]
[TD]Albanian_Kosovo[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF5700, align: right"]12.44505524[/TD]
[TD]Greek_Central[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF5400, align: right"]12.52507086[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Campania[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF4900, align: right"]12.85758920[/TD]
[TD]Greek_Athens[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF4100, align: right"]13.07603533[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Friuli_VG[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF3C00, align: right"]13.23058956[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Apulia[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF3C00, align: right"]13.23207089[/TD]
[TD]Greek_Peloponnese[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF3200, align: right"]13.53561090[/TD]
[TD]Swiss_Italian[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF2F00, align: right"]13.62172529[/TD]
[TD]Italian_Sicily[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF2B00, align: right"]13.74291454[/TD]
[TD]Greek_Thessaloniki[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="bgcolor: #FF2A00, align: right"]13.76111551[/TD]
[TD]Macedonian_South[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]