Genetic study The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire

[Jovialis]

looks like you are another that never wants to include sample CL23, a lombard buried in a lombard cemetary in Italy

I didn't create those labels, that's straight from the Reich Lab dataset.

 

[Jovialis]

 

[Vitruvius]

It's very obvious that a large amount of the burials within the Lombard cemetery at Collegno are Italians who were adopted into the ethnically distinct and Northern European like Lombard families as opposed to actual migrants from outside of Italy. The fact that we see so many in the very first generation Lombard burials (550-600AD) is strongly implicative of the fact that the Lombards did not maintain an ethnically homogenous ruling class, nor were they numerous enough to at all displace the local population. The non lombard associated burials of Bardonecchia and Torino (550-650AD) which appear filled with Northern Italians, yet, with the exception of as single french like individual, lacking northern europeans, serve as even stronger evidence that Germanic migrations did not impact the broader native populace.

In ethnic/geneaological terms a great sum of individuals buried in this Lombard specific cemetery are not ethnic Lombards at all - particularly those clustering with modern Spanish and Italian norms.

 

[torzio]

Alpine BSS individuals have a similar pattern of ancestry to only few individuals from the cemetery in northern Italy (Collegno), which showed southern (e.g., CL38) or more mixed ancestry (e.g., CL94, CL2314). This differs from the other individuals from Collegno, who mostly had primarily central-northern ancestry.

CL38 = adriatic italian
CL94 and CL23 = italian plus pannonian mix
all other samples from valentina coia 2023 paper where central europeans