Haplogroup J1 is found at relatively low frequencies in Europe, except in Italy and Greece. The new study by Boattini et al. provides new insight into the distribution of J1 and its subclades in Italy.
The highest concentration is found in Agrigento (12%) in southwest Sicily, most probably due to the Phoenician then Arabic influences.
Otherwise J1 is generally found at higher frequencies in the Apennines, from Bologna (7%) and Pistoia (7.5%) in the north to Campobasso (3.5%) and Benevento (8.5%) in the south, passing through Foligno (5.5%) and L'Aquila (4.5%). The same is also true for haplogroup G2a, which could mean that J1 was a minor Neolithic lineage accompanying G2a, as I have hypothesised several times in the past.
North Italy
In Cuneo, south-west Piedmont, 1 out of 30 samples are J1e (3.5%).
In Savona/Genova, central Liguria, 2 out of 50 samples are J1 (4%).
In Como, north-west Lombardy, 0 out of 41 samples are J1 (0%).
In Brescia, north-east Lombardy, 0 out of 39 samples are J1 (0%).
In Vicenza, central-west Veneto, 1 out of 40 samples are J1 (2.5%).
In Treviso, central-east Veneto, 0 out of 30 samples are J1 (0%).
In Bologna, central Emilia-Romagna, 2 out of 29 samples J1e (7%).
Central Italy
In La Spezia-Massa, north-west Tuscany, 0 out of 24 samples are J1 (0%).
In Pistoia, central-north Tuscany, 1 out of 13 samples are J1e (7.5%).
In Grosetto-Siena, southern Tuscany, 3 out of 86 samples are J1 (3.5%), including one J1e sample.
In Foligno, central-east Umbria, 2 out of 37 samples are J1 (5.5%), including one J1e sample.
In Macerata, central-east Marche, 1 out of 40 samples are J1 (2.5%).
South Italy
In L'Aquila, Abruzzo, 1 out of 23 samples are J1e (4.5%).
In Campobasso, Molise, 1 out of 29 samples are J1e (3.5%).
In Benevento, Campania, 3 out of 36 samples are J1 (8.5%).
In Matera, Basilicata, 0 samples out of 25 are J1 (0%).
In Lecce, Apulia, 2 out of 39 samples are J1 (5%), including one J1e sample.
In Cosenza/Catanzaro/Crotone, Calabria, 1 out of 38 samples were J1 (2.5%).
In Catania, eastern Sicily, 2 out of 62 samples are J1e (3%).
In Ragusa, southeast Sicily, 2 out of 44 samples are J1 (4.5%).
In Agrigento, southwest Sicily, 5 out of 42 samples are J1 (12%), including four J1e sample.
In Olbia/Tempio/Nuoro, north-east Sardinia, 1 out of 40 samples are J1e (2.5%).
In Oristano, central-west Sardinia, 0 out of 42 samples are J1 (0%).
EDIT: Here are some results from other studies.
Battaglia et al. 2008 found 0% of J1 in Trento, southern Trentino-Alto-Adige ot of 67 samples.
Ferri et al. 2007 found 0% of J1 in Valmarecchia and Rimini, both in eastern Romagna.
Capelli et al. (2007) tested J* and J1 together and found:
North Italy
In Val Badia, Alto Adige, 0 out of 34 samples were J1 (0%).
Central Italy
In Elba Island, north-west Tuscany, 0 out of 95 samples were J1 (0%).
In Central Tuscany, 3 out of 41 samples were J1 (7%).
At the Tuscany-Latium border, 0 out of 79 samples were J1 (0%).
In the North-East Latium, 0 out of 55 samples were J1 (0%).
In the South Latium, 0 out of 51 samples were J1 (0%).
In Central Marche, 3 out of 59 samples were J1 (5%).
In Apennine Marche, 0 out of 27 samples were J1 (0%).
South Italy
In West Campania, 4 out of 84 samples were J1 (5%).
In North-West Apulia, 1 out of 46 samples were J1 (2%).
In South Apulia, 1 out of 71 samples were J1 (1%).
In West Calabria, 2 out of 57 samples were J1 (4%).
Di Giacomo et al. (2002) also tested J*+J1 together and found:
North Italy
In Val di Non, Trentino-Alto Adige, 0% of J1 was found out of 30 samples.
In Verona, west Veneto, 0% of J1 was found out of 22 samples.
In Genoa, central Liguria, 3.4% of J1 was found out of 29 samples.
Central Italy
In Garfagnana, north-west Tuscany, 0% of J1 was found out of 42 samples.
South Italy
In L'Aquila, west Abruzzo, 2.9% of J1 was found out of 35 samples.
In Pescara, east Abruzzo, 15% of J1 was found out of 20 samples.
In Avezzano, south-west Abruzzo, 3.4% of J1 was found out of 29 samples.
In the North Gargano peninsula, northern Apulia, 17.2% of J1 was found out of 29 samples.
In Foggia, northern Apulia, 0% of J1 was found out of 27 samples.
In Benevento, central-east Campania, 6.5% of J1 was found out of 46 samples.
In the Cilento peninsula, southern Campania, 6.3% of J1 was found out of 48 samples.
In Casarano, southern Apulia, 0% of J1 was found out of 20 samples.
In Brindisi, central-east Apulia, 2.6% of J1 was found out of 38 samples.
In Altamura, central-west Apulia, 0% of J1 was found out of 25 samples.
In Matera, central-east Basilicata, 0% of J1 was found out of 24 samples.
In Paola, north-west Calabria, 11.1% of J1 was found out of 27 samples.
In Reggio Calabriab, southern Calabria, 9.1% of J1 was found out of 33 samples.
Brisighelli et al. (2012) tested J*+J1 together. the results are very surprising given that J* is far higher than J1. IMHO, a lot of J1 was probably wrongly assigned as J*. This study has a lot of other inadequacies, including very poor and misleading labelling.
North Italy
In Trentino-Alto-Adige (Ladini), 0% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 34 samples.
In Udine, central-east Friuli-Venezia Giulia, 0% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 47 samples.
In eastern Liguria, 0% of J1 and 2.2% of J* was found out of 46 samples.
Central Italy
In north-west Marche (Piceni), 0% of J1 and 7.9% of J* was found out of 38 samples.
In South Latium (Latini), 4.5% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 44 samples.
South Italy
In Lucera, nortern Apulia, 0% of J1 and 1.7% of J* was found out of 60 samples.
In central Basilicata (Saniti), 0% of J1 and 6.5% of J* was found out of 30 samples.
In central Apulia (Salentine Greek), 0% of J1 and 2.1% of J* was found out of 47 samples.
In southern Apulia (Messapi), 2.5% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 49 samples.
In north-west Calabria (Belvedere), 0% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 27 samples.
In Sicily (Catania + Trapani), 0% of J1 and 7.2% of J* was found out of 57 samples.
The highest concentration is found in Agrigento (12%) in southwest Sicily, most probably due to the Phoenician then Arabic influences.
Otherwise J1 is generally found at higher frequencies in the Apennines, from Bologna (7%) and Pistoia (7.5%) in the north to Campobasso (3.5%) and Benevento (8.5%) in the south, passing through Foligno (5.5%) and L'Aquila (4.5%). The same is also true for haplogroup G2a, which could mean that J1 was a minor Neolithic lineage accompanying G2a, as I have hypothesised several times in the past.
North Italy
In Cuneo, south-west Piedmont, 1 out of 30 samples are J1e (3.5%).
In Savona/Genova, central Liguria, 2 out of 50 samples are J1 (4%).
In Como, north-west Lombardy, 0 out of 41 samples are J1 (0%).
In Brescia, north-east Lombardy, 0 out of 39 samples are J1 (0%).
In Vicenza, central-west Veneto, 1 out of 40 samples are J1 (2.5%).
In Treviso, central-east Veneto, 0 out of 30 samples are J1 (0%).
In Bologna, central Emilia-Romagna, 2 out of 29 samples J1e (7%).
Central Italy
In La Spezia-Massa, north-west Tuscany, 0 out of 24 samples are J1 (0%).
In Pistoia, central-north Tuscany, 1 out of 13 samples are J1e (7.5%).
In Grosetto-Siena, southern Tuscany, 3 out of 86 samples are J1 (3.5%), including one J1e sample.
In Foligno, central-east Umbria, 2 out of 37 samples are J1 (5.5%), including one J1e sample.
In Macerata, central-east Marche, 1 out of 40 samples are J1 (2.5%).
South Italy
In L'Aquila, Abruzzo, 1 out of 23 samples are J1e (4.5%).
In Campobasso, Molise, 1 out of 29 samples are J1e (3.5%).
In Benevento, Campania, 3 out of 36 samples are J1 (8.5%).
In Matera, Basilicata, 0 samples out of 25 are J1 (0%).
In Lecce, Apulia, 2 out of 39 samples are J1 (5%), including one J1e sample.
In Cosenza/Catanzaro/Crotone, Calabria, 1 out of 38 samples were J1 (2.5%).
In Catania, eastern Sicily, 2 out of 62 samples are J1e (3%).
In Ragusa, southeast Sicily, 2 out of 44 samples are J1 (4.5%).
In Agrigento, southwest Sicily, 5 out of 42 samples are J1 (12%), including four J1e sample.
In Olbia/Tempio/Nuoro, north-east Sardinia, 1 out of 40 samples are J1e (2.5%).
In Oristano, central-west Sardinia, 0 out of 42 samples are J1 (0%).
EDIT: Here are some results from other studies.
Battaglia et al. 2008 found 0% of J1 in Trento, southern Trentino-Alto-Adige ot of 67 samples.
Ferri et al. 2007 found 0% of J1 in Valmarecchia and Rimini, both in eastern Romagna.
Capelli et al. (2007) tested J* and J1 together and found:
North Italy
In Val Badia, Alto Adige, 0 out of 34 samples were J1 (0%).
Central Italy
In Elba Island, north-west Tuscany, 0 out of 95 samples were J1 (0%).
In Central Tuscany, 3 out of 41 samples were J1 (7%).
At the Tuscany-Latium border, 0 out of 79 samples were J1 (0%).
In the North-East Latium, 0 out of 55 samples were J1 (0%).
In the South Latium, 0 out of 51 samples were J1 (0%).
In Central Marche, 3 out of 59 samples were J1 (5%).
In Apennine Marche, 0 out of 27 samples were J1 (0%).
South Italy
In West Campania, 4 out of 84 samples were J1 (5%).
In North-West Apulia, 1 out of 46 samples were J1 (2%).
In South Apulia, 1 out of 71 samples were J1 (1%).
In West Calabria, 2 out of 57 samples were J1 (4%).
Di Giacomo et al. (2002) also tested J*+J1 together and found:
North Italy
In Val di Non, Trentino-Alto Adige, 0% of J1 was found out of 30 samples.
In Verona, west Veneto, 0% of J1 was found out of 22 samples.
In Genoa, central Liguria, 3.4% of J1 was found out of 29 samples.
Central Italy
In Garfagnana, north-west Tuscany, 0% of J1 was found out of 42 samples.
South Italy
In L'Aquila, west Abruzzo, 2.9% of J1 was found out of 35 samples.
In Pescara, east Abruzzo, 15% of J1 was found out of 20 samples.
In Avezzano, south-west Abruzzo, 3.4% of J1 was found out of 29 samples.
In the North Gargano peninsula, northern Apulia, 17.2% of J1 was found out of 29 samples.
In Foggia, northern Apulia, 0% of J1 was found out of 27 samples.
In Benevento, central-east Campania, 6.5% of J1 was found out of 46 samples.
In the Cilento peninsula, southern Campania, 6.3% of J1 was found out of 48 samples.
In Casarano, southern Apulia, 0% of J1 was found out of 20 samples.
In Brindisi, central-east Apulia, 2.6% of J1 was found out of 38 samples.
In Altamura, central-west Apulia, 0% of J1 was found out of 25 samples.
In Matera, central-east Basilicata, 0% of J1 was found out of 24 samples.
In Paola, north-west Calabria, 11.1% of J1 was found out of 27 samples.
In Reggio Calabriab, southern Calabria, 9.1% of J1 was found out of 33 samples.
Brisighelli et al. (2012) tested J*+J1 together. the results are very surprising given that J* is far higher than J1. IMHO, a lot of J1 was probably wrongly assigned as J*. This study has a lot of other inadequacies, including very poor and misleading labelling.
North Italy
In Trentino-Alto-Adige (Ladini), 0% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 34 samples.
In Udine, central-east Friuli-Venezia Giulia, 0% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 47 samples.
In eastern Liguria, 0% of J1 and 2.2% of J* was found out of 46 samples.
Central Italy
In north-west Marche (Piceni), 0% of J1 and 7.9% of J* was found out of 38 samples.
In South Latium (Latini), 4.5% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 44 samples.
South Italy
In Lucera, nortern Apulia, 0% of J1 and 1.7% of J* was found out of 60 samples.
In central Basilicata (Saniti), 0% of J1 and 6.5% of J* was found out of 30 samples.
In central Apulia (Salentine Greek), 0% of J1 and 2.1% of J* was found out of 47 samples.
In southern Apulia (Messapi), 2.5% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 49 samples.
In north-west Calabria (Belvedere), 0% of J1 and 0% of J* was found out of 27 samples.
In Sicily (Catania + Trapani), 0% of J1 and 7.2% of J* was found out of 57 samples.
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