M
MarkoZ
Guest
It is not F* (not F without additional SNPs), but F > IJ*.
F includes IJ* (since HIJK and G are descended from F).
Ca. 3/4 of male humans belong to Y-DNA haplogroup F.
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Vestonice43 is F > HIJK > IJK > IJ*. Terminal SNP is IJ*:
I know as much. I've just skimmed Fu et al. -- turns out the authors did not actually define Vestonice 43's Y-DNA further than F. I suppose this has to do with the coverage of this particular sample.
One word: boats.
Well this is just speculation. There are several reasons why a martime dispersal from the Levant into Europe makes no sense.
Check the map of the spread of farming posted above.
The earliest evidence of farming in Europe is not from East Thrace (next to Anatolia), but from Southern Peloponnesus.
And the beginning of farming in Peloponnesus predates the beginning of farming in Western and Central Anatolia.
None of the Aegean cultures adopted agriculture earlier than the central-western Anatolian foragers at Boncuklu, who made the transition to sedentism and agriculture roughly 8,000 BC.
Villabruna was not Gravettian, he was Epigravettian.
Gravettians had mostly haplogroups C1a2 and I*.
See my table ("k. grawecka" = Gravettian culture):
The Southern European Epigravettian is an almost complete continuation of the earlier Gravettian technological complex. Whether the Villabruna cluster is distinct from the Central European Gravettian due to either additional admixture, lack of admixture or drift remains to be seen.