They didn't. It's the Europeans who are different. The "Caucasus" harbours ancestry which is more inline with Middle Eastern people. Sure there is some WHG and EHG among Middle Eastern people but is minimal and difficult to trace. Some of the WHG pre-dates PIE expansion, but EHG and some WHG (I would not use ANE as reference) definitely was brought with IE language.
(A) I think you explain in route 11 of Mr. Diamond map in the above post 3. By that route, middle Eastern farmer entered in E.U, and one of them turned into Caucasus. During the journey to Caucasus, they would be mixed with HG.
And we question how the HG looks like?
To my knowledge, skulls show the type of race, and DNA Ancestry. (still too much confusing in ancient Egypt. Now American Ind. see his map in post 12. We don't need to discuss further)
C. Brace research (2005) including map tells us 3 things:
1. The Neolithic peoples of Europe and their Bronze Age successors are not closely related to the modern inhabitants,
2. Epipalaeolithic Natufian of Israel from whom the Neolithic realm was assumed to arise has a clear link to Sub-Saharan Africa. (see his map in my post 10; Natufian is close to Congo, really far from modern European)
3. The data treated here support the idea that the Neolithic moved out of the Near East into the circum-Mediterranean areas and Europe by a process of demic diffusion but that subsequently the in situ residents of those areas, derived from the Late Pleistocene inhabitants, absorbed both the agricultural life way and the people who had brought it.”
--> That is why I think HG had the Caucasian shape, not Natufuan.
(B) From here, we got a big challenge that EEF entered E.U with 2 light skin genes.
Until now there has been 3 theory regarding light skin
1. Sexual selection by Darwin and Diamond, but I cannot believe it
2. Vitamin D theory, which is very persuasive, but cannot explain in the EEF w/ light skin genes
3. Recent cancer theory by B, Mel Greaves, professor of cell biology at the Institute of Cancer Research in London; "Dark Skin May Have Evolved to Protect Against Skin Cancer, A scientist argues that once we were all white; then we were all black; then some of us went back to white." As far as I know, australoid child is born with light skin. But it needs more back-up research though.
However 2 & 3 theory exactly explain in natural selection.
--->Under so hot Middle east, to me there is no chance for specially farming job person’s skin to be changed to be light.
It is more sensible for light skinned people to go there, turning brown., considering 2 & 3 theory thru 11 route.
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