That's a great graph. Interesting is resurgence of G in copper age.
Thanks! But let's just note that IMO some of these dramatic changes should be viewed with caution, especially when sample sizes are small. Some changes might be partially due to different locations of samples - for example the apparent disappearance of G after 2750 BC is partially caused by fact that nearly all samples from this period are from Central and Northern Europe - while I'm quite sure that G2a survived to a larger extent / for a longer time in Southern Europe, because this is also where it is most frequent today:
Majority of samples for 2750-1750 BC period are from Germany, Bohemia, Hungary, Poland, Scandinavia, Lithuania:
Maybe if we get more samples from areas located more to the south from that period, there will be more G2a left:
I would split the C1a2 : La Brana was mesolithic and European - so red colour
but IMO the neolithic C1a2 was IMO SW Asian in origing - so blue colour
It is possible, but we can't be sure about this (or do you know some facts which are solid proofs for this idea?).
BTW - it is also possible that some of I2 in the Copper-Bronze Age was not local, but also came from elsewhere (see below).
the last (left) part of the graph suggests I expanded faster than R1 1000 year after the arrival of IE
Yes but 11 samples are from just one Cave - from Lichtenstein Cave near Dorste. 11 men with
I2a2b were buried there.
And some of those men were related to each other. Also - due to a small sample size (22 in total for that period), such things might be skewing the results. But note how hg I survived PIE expansion much better than G2a, or at least it seems so.
Maybe some of that I also came from the east? We don't know how far to the east did I originally live in Mesolithic times.