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IMO Britons, Picts and Gaels were Goidels who spoke Goidelic
Fire Haired:
Where are you getting this information? Allentoft's ADMIXTURE and PCA? If so, that isn't enough. No one has thoroughly analysed the Allentoft genomes.
I really like this, and it fits with population movements of Cucuteni and Corded described by Anthony, which theories I'm a big fan of. I was expecting, as mentioned in other threads, to find differences in population admixtures between West and East Yamnaya. West being more EEF farmers and East more HG/Nomadic horse breeding. What is interesting and surprising that both groups took part in eastern expansion, and that they stayed distinct, not mixing. Though Tarim mummies, more of farmers than horse herders was kind of giveaway. Well, we knew there was some movement from West Yamna/Corded into the far East, but not on a scale of Sintashta/Andronovo. I'm yet to find time to go through new data. At the end of a day we need to accommodate not 2 but 3 distinct groups/sub cultures of Yamnaya, R1a Z93 and Z282, and R1b.I see that Dienekes has provided some analysis of the paper:
http://www.dienekes.blogspot.com/2015/06/into-out-of-and-across-eurasian-steppe.html
It bears close reading, I think.
"The first conclusion of the new study is the detection of the migration from the steppe to Europe that was the title piece of the earlier study. The authors do not present quantitative estimates of the amount of demographic replacement effected by the Yamnaya-to-Corded Ware migration, so it will be interesting to see if there are any minor significant differences in these. But, the two papers have different Yamnaya and Corded Ware samples, and yet arrive at qualitatively similar conclusions, so at least this part of the story should be considered firmly "settled"."
"The second conclusion is the migration from the European steppe to the Afanasievo culture of the Altai... This confirms movement #2 of the Anthony/Ringe model, although I doubt that this migration had anything to do with Tocharians as detailed below. But, it did happen."
"The third conclusion is that the later steppe cultures of the Sintashta and Andronovo (putative Indo-Iranians according to some), were not a continuation of the Yamnaya-Afanasievo people, but had extra Neolithic farmer ancestry. So, it seems that Neolithic farmers entered the steppe, and the development of steppe cultures did not happen in isolation.
Whether this involved migration of Corded Ware people (as the authors prefer), who were already a mixture of Yamnaya and Neolithic farmers, or some other mixture of Neolithic farmers with steppe populations (e.g., Tripolye plus Yamnaya) remains to be seen."
RISE00: M913021: Corded Ware Estonia.
ANE K7.
ANE: 19.34
WHG: 74.48
ENF: 5.61
East African: 0.57
M966366: Corded Ware Germany. Haak 2015.
ANE K7.
ANE: 24.68
WHG: 59.61
ENF: 12.55
There was variation in Corded Ware.
RISE00: M913021: Corded Ware Estonia.
ANE K7.
ANE: 19.34
WHG: 74.48
ENF: 5.61
East African: 0.57
M966366: Corded Ware Germany. Haak 2015.
ANE K7.
ANE: 24.68
WHG: 59.61
ENF: 12.55
There was variation in Corded Ware.
Nice! Where did you get this from? Can you check admixtures for CW samples from Poland and Germany?
BTW - I've heard that Davidski has published Y-DNA results but I can't find where.
Anyway, this one sample of R1b from Corded Ware seems to be RISE1 (Genetiker has it only as P so far).
How those J2 look autosomally?RISE504 is J2a2-L581
together with RISE602 that makes 2 x J2a2 in Iron age Russia
David said:Yeah, these Bronze Age Armenians look like they had recent ancestors from the steppe and/or northeast Caucasus. This is a pretty good fit for them using qpAdm (chisq 2.140, tail prob 0.543766).
baArm
Yamnaya 0.312
LBK_EN 0.688
But then again this is an awesome fit for Yamnaya (chisq 0.573, tail prob 0.902514).
Yamnaya
EHG 0.427
baArm 0.573
So working out the precise details of the nature of gene flow between Yamnaya and the Bronze Age Caucasus is gonna be tricky.
Alberto said:Thanks for that Admixture run. Very interesting.
Regarding the BA Armenian, the oldest one (ca. 1800 BC):
baArm (RISE413)
Amerindian: 2.5%
EEF: 14.2%
Euro_HG: 6.5%
BA_Cauc: 74.5%
Karelia_HG
Amerindian: 12%
EEF: 0%
Euro_HG: 88%
BA_CAUC: 0%
baYam (RISE552)
Amerindian: 2.8%
EEF: 0%
Euro:HG: 49%
BA_Cauc: 46%
The BA Armenian, apart from getting some EEF admixture during the 1500-2000 years they must have been on the area, it doesn't look to me it has any steppe admixture.
On the other hand, it looks like a great fit for Yamnaya with the EHGs. The fact that he's the oldest one we have (though not old enough), and that he's R1b, shouldn't it be giving a strong clue as to what really happened? Sure, we'll need an older sample for 100% confirmation, but the odds are that we found the direct descendants of the "Armenian-like" population from Haak et al.
How those J2 look autosomally?
Exactly.
According to Julius Caesar Britain was a hodge-podge of Britons, Gauls (don't confuse with Gaels), Belgians, and Picts.
Of course most of Gauls and Belgians were in what is now England, Picts in Scotland, Britons in England and Wales.
There were also those mysterious swarthy-pigmented Silures in one part of Wales, who were the strongest of Welsh tribes. That was a Celtic-speaking tribe but probably immigrants from Iberia, or with high local Neolithic ancestry.
The Silures were not Celtic. They could not be. They had woolly hair and dark complexions. Had to have been Neolithic people -- possibly Berbers. They just adopted Celtic language. Iberia was heavily populated by Celts and Iberians. They were not woolly-haired and swarthy. Anyways I have seen Spaniards and the majority are light skinned.
Alan: Fortunately I am not the only one who realized that.
Originally Posted by Alberto
Thanks for that Admixture run. Very interesting.
Regarding the BA Armenian, the oldest one (ca. 1800 BC):
baArm (RISE413)
Amerindian: 2.5%
EEF: 14.2%
Euro_HG: 6.5%
BA_Cauc: 74.5%
Karelia_HG
Amerindian: 12%
EEF: 0%
Euro_HG: 88%
BA_CAUC: 0%
baYam (RISE552)
Amerindian: 2.8%
EEF: 0%
Euro:HG: 49%
BA_Cauc: 46%
The BA Armenian, apart from getting some EEF admixture during the 1500-2000 years they must have been on the area, it doesn't look to me it has any steppe admixture.
On the other hand, it looks like a great fit for Yamnaya with the EHGs. The fact that he's the oldest one we have (though not old enough), and that he's R1b, shouldn't it be giving a strong clue as to what really happened? Sure, we'll need an older sample for 100% confirmation, but the odds are that we found the direct descendants of the "Armenian-like" population from Haak et al.
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