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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    One of the oldest Hittite monuments: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hittite_Priest-King_or_Deity.jpg "A large basalt sculpture depicting a Hittite god or priest-king wearing a horned conical crown, false beard, and long robe. He holds a bowl in his right hand and once held something in...
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    As you read in the article that I mentioned, double headed eagle of Tall-i Bakun (5500-3500 BC) is older.
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    It can be easily proved that Hittite culture originated in Iran, for example the earliest double-headed eagle which was a major Hittite symbol has been found in Iran: https://www.jaco-sj.com/jufile?ar_sfile=2375479
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    It is what the greatest Indo-European linguists in the world say, as you read here: https://www.academia.edu/105839899/Informal_review_of_Heggarty_et_al_2023_Indo_European_phylogeny_ "IE-CoR was prepared by an international team comprised of more than 80 linguists – experts in various IE groups...
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    It says the majority of CLV ancestry is from West Asian sources from the Mesopotamia-Caucasus (or Çayönü-Masis Blur-Aknashen) cline.
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    It says "CLV ancestry first appears in the Chalcolithic population at Areni-1 in Armenia.", Areni is in the south of Armenia, it has nothing to do with Steppe.
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    Hypothesis A (East & west) is actually the same old Kurgan hypothesis by ignoring ancient DNA findings. A homeland in the south of Caucasus easily solves the problem.
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    In this study David Anthony and other followers of Kurgan hypothesis have actually confirmed that an early Indo-European language existed in the South of Caucasus and northwest of Iran from at least the 5th millennium BC. According to Heggarty et. al, not only Anatolian but also Indo-Iranian...
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    Genetic study The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans

    The only difference between this study and "The genetic history of the Southern Arc" is that it says the homeland of Indo-Anatolians was a little further north in the Caucasus.
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    Language trees support hybrid model for origin of Indo-European languages

    A great news from India: https://scroll.in/latest/1066223/ncert-revises-class-12-history-textbook-to-cast-doubts-about-aryan-migration-theory NCERT revises Class 12 history textbook to cast doubts about Aryan migration theory The National Council for Education Research and Training has revised a...
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    Iranian glass beads found at 'UK's Pompeii' near Peterborough

    One of the earliest known Celtic people in Britain was Cassi: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassi, their leader was Cassivellaunus: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassivellaunus The Common Brittonic personal name Cassiuellaunos stems from the word uellaunos ('chief, commandant').[1] The meaning...
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    Iranian glass beads found at 'UK's Pompeii' near Peterborough

    https://sg.news.yahoo.com/iranian-glass-beads-found-uks-062248007.html The glass used to create beads discovered at a prehistoric settlement dubbed "Britain's Pompeii" was probably made in Iran, analysis has revealed. The finds were among a wealth of well-preserved items unearthed at a...
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    Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

    Almost all recent studies have focused on CHG/Iranian ancestry as the main source of Indo-Europeans, haplogroup J2 relates to this ancestry, so we should consider it when we talk about the migrations of Indo-Europeans, as you read here: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm4247...
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    Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

    Who were these migrants? They had no language? What was the host culture?
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    Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

    This study says "In the Picenes, two main Y haplogroups are observed, namely R1-M269/L23 (58% of the total) and J2-M172/M12 (25% of the total)", R1-M269/L23 clearly relates to non-IE Etruscans, what do you think about J2-M172/M12? It is really meaningless to say the main haplogroup of both IE...
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    Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

    Two samples from Novilara which are dated from about 650 BC are J2, look at it: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Picene_language "The archaeological date is that of the site as a whole, somewhere in the window 800–650 BCE.[8] The style of the alphabet suggests the end of the 7th and the...
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    Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

    Three of four Etruscans are R1b but three Picenes are J2, this is the main difference between them.
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    Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

    Non-Indo-European Etruscan samples are R1b and Indo-European Italic samples are J2.
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    Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages

    There are some Hittite loanwords in Gothic and other Germanic languages, like Hittite compound hulpant "humpback, camel", compare Gothic ulbandus and Old English olfend, Hittite was spoken in Anatolia and it became extinct by 1200 BC, logically Gothic language shouldn't be too far from this region.
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    Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages

    Both Ostrogoths in the east and Visigoths in the west had Southern European ancestry, doesn't it mean Goths had the same ancestry?
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