genetics

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DR16. The maximum frequencies are observed in the United Emirates (18%), Bulgaria (17.5%), Macedonia (15.5%), Greece (13.5%), Albania (12.5%), Serbia (11%), Croatia (10.5%) and Sardinia (10.5%). It is completely absent from the Saami, Breton...

This possible phenomenon was discussed in many threads, as an explanation to why some Y haplogroups became so dominant. Maciamo's hypothesis about dominance of R1b clades in Western Europe is based on it too. This hypothesis states that males of certain haplogroups, like R1b, or some of its...

As philosophers, historians, and wise old men and women would have us know, people are born with certain things about them that make them "human". Yes, of course, we all have the genetic build that is standard for us to biologically be human and not bird or bug. What I mean when I say they...

Is there anybody here knowledgeable with genetics and how 23andme analyses data that I could private message with, I have a sensitive issue that I don't want to discuss on the public forum. This would be looking at genome comparisons between siblings and parents... should be quick, I think I...

I believe that most of you may know the event that Scottish government announced a ban for GM corps to protect the environment of Scotland. If you don't, you can search Scottish, GM food, and I think you can find many news about this. So here is the argument: what is your opinion about GM food...

I have added the samples from Allentoft 2015 and updated the haplogroup frequencies in the section Haplogroups of Bronze Age Proto-Indo-Europeans.

Good day to all! I took the FTDNA test and got a pretty random result: Y-DNA: R-M269 MtDNA: L3e2b And also: 74%Southern European 3% Western and Central Europe 13% West African 4% North African 5% New World As far as I know, I’m descend from Italian, Spanish and Portuguese...

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DR1. The maximum frequencies are observed in the Volga-Ural region, among the Mari (24%), Chuvash (18.5%), Kostroma Russians (17.5%) and South Ural Russians (16%). Subtypes There are three main subclades of DR1: - DRB1*01:01 : the vast...

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-A3, which is divided in two subtypes : A3:01 and A3:02. The former is mostly found in Europe, with lower frequencies across the Middle East, Central Asia (Uygurs), India and even isolated parts of Africa (Cameroon). The latter peaks in Georgia...

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DQ8. The world's highest frequencies are observed in Central and South America (up to 80%), then in Siberia (11-22%). It has been suggested that a migration from people east of the Urals is responsible for DQ8. The strongest association with...

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DQ2. The world's highest frequencies are observed among the Sardinians (59%), the Basques (48%), the Brahui and Balochi of Pakistan (40%), the Moroccans (35%) and the Saudis (35%). Subtypes HLA-DQ2 comprises two subtypes DQB1*0201 and...

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-B27. The maximum frequencies are observed among the Saami (20% in northern Sweden, 15% in Norway), then in the rest of Fennoscandia, in Belgium, England and Scotland. HLA-B27 is the most routinely tested HLA types by doctors because carrying...

Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DR4. The maximum frequencies are observed among Murmansk Saami, Norwegians, Welsh, Southwest English, Belgians and Armenians. Subtypes DR4 has over 100 subtypes (subclades). Here is the distribution of the 10 most common. DRB1*04:01: peaks...