Ancient genomes document multiple waves of migration in Southeast Asian prehistory

[Jovialis]

Abstract:

Southeast Asia is home to rich human genetic and linguistic diversity, but the details of past population movements in the region are not well known. Here, we report genome-wide ancient DNA data from eighteen Southeast Asian individuals spanning from the Neolithic period through the Iron Age (4100–1700 years ago). Early farmers from Man Bac in Vietnam exhibit a mixture of East Asian (southern Chinese agriculturalist) and deeply diverged eastern Eurasian (hunter-gatherer) ancestry characteristic of Austroasiatic speakers, with similar ancestry as far south as Indonesia providing evidence for an expansive initial spread of Austroasiatic languages. By the Bronze Age, in a parallel pattern to Europe, sites in Vietnam and Myanmar show close connections to present-day majority groups, reflecting substantial additional influxes of migrants.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/05/16/science.aat3188

It's behind a paywall, but here's an article on it:

https://phys.org/news/2018-05-scientists-ancient-human-dna-southeast.html

 

[FIREYWOTAN]

The challenge to uncover and decifer when and where the next curiosity is redefined adds excitement to the daily thinking. Thank you for sharing the latest news. It's truly eyey opening to find ou just how much continues to change.

The work illuminates another critical portion of the story of ancient population dynamics around the world, joining numerous ancient-DNA studies of Europe as well as burgeoning research from the Near East, Central Asia, Pacific Islands and Africa.
"A very important part of the world is now accessible for ancient DNA analysis," said Mark Lipson, a postdoctoral fellow in the lab of ancient-DNA specialist David Reich at Harvard Medical School and first author of the study. "It opens a window into the genetic origins of the people who lived there in the past and those who live there now."
An international team led by researchers at HMS and the University of Vienna extracted and analyzed DNA from the remains of 18 people who lived between about 4,100 and 1,700 years ago in what are now Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar and Cambodia.


Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-05-scientists-ancient-human-dna-southeast.html#jCp

 

[Alpenjager]

Mostly, if not all, belong to O lineages. About mtDNA there are lots of M, C and D lineages with few being B and F (most probably linked to the original O wives, at least one of these two).

 

[Pax Augusta]

It's behind a paywall, but here's an article on it:

https://phys.org/news/2018-05-scientists-ancient-human-dna-southeast.html

Full paper

https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites...-files/Online_pub_science.aat3188.full__0.pdf


Ancient genomes document multiple waves of migration in Southeast Asian prehistory

Mark Lipson,1* Olivia Cheronet,2,3,4 Swapan Mallick,1,5 Nadin Rohland,1 Marc Oxenham,6 Michael Pietrusewsky,7 Thomas Oliver Pryce,8,9,10 Anna Willis,11 Hirofumi Matsumura,12 Hallie Buckley,13 Kate Domett,14 Nguyen Giang Hai,15 Trinh Hoang Hiep,15 Aung Aung Kyaw,16 Tin Tin Win,16 Baptiste Pradier,9 Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht,1,17 Francesca Candilio,18,19 Piya Changmai,20 Daniel Fernandes,2,3,21 Matthew Ferry,1,17 Beatriz Gamarra,3,4 Eadaoin Harney,1,17 Jatupol Kampuansai,22,23 Wibhu Kutanan,24 Megan Michel,1,17 Mario Novak,3,25 Jonas Oppenheimer,1,17 Kendra Sirak,3,26 Kristin Stewardson,1,17 Zhao Zhang,1 Pavel Flegontov,20,27† Ron Pinhasi,2,3*‡ David Reich1,4,17*‡

1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 2Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria. 3Earth Institute,
University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. 4School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. 5Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. 6School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. 7Department of Anthropology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822, USA. 8Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75016 Paris, France. 9UMR 7055 Préhistoire et Technologie, Université Paris Nanterre, 92023 Nanterre, France. 10CEA/CNRS UMR 3685 NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 11College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. 12School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan. 13Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. 14Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. 15Department of Prehistoric Archaeology, Vietnam Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi, Vietnam. 16Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture, Mandalay, Myanmar. 17Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 18Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la Città Metropolitana di Cagliari e per le Province di Oristano e Sud Sardegna, 09124 Cagliari, Italy. 19Physical Anthropology Section, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. 20Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic. 21CIAS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugal. 22Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. 23Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. 24Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. 25Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. 26Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. 27Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (R.P.); [email protected] (D.R.)
†P.F. holds part-time positions as a research assistant at the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic and at the
Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
‡These authors contributed equally to this work.


Southeast Asia is home to rich human genetic and linguistic diversity, but the details of past population movements in the region are not well known. Here, we report genome-wide ancient DNA data from eighteen Southeast Asian individuals spanning from the Neolithic period through the Iron Age (4100–1700 years ago). Early farmers from Man Bac in Vietnam exhibit a mixture of East Asian (southern Chinese agriculturalist) and deeply diverged eastern Eurasian (hunter-gatherer) ancestry characteristic of Austroasiatic speakers, with similar ancestry as far south as Indonesia providing evidence for an expansive initial spread of Austroasiatic languages. By the Bronze Age, in a parallel pattern to Europe, sites in Vietnam and Myanmar show close connections to present-day majority groups, reflecting substantial additional influxes of migrants (...)

 

[Coriolan]

If I understand well, the modern Burmese and Cambodians are closer to the ancient populations of Southeast Asia 4000 years ago, but the fairer skinned Vietnamese are descended from a more recent wave of Chinese farmers?