Angela
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Very, very interesting new pre-print from Patterson, where he presents a new algorithm for dating admixture in ancient samples, something we've badly needed for a long time.
"Reconstructing the spatiotemporal patterns of admixture during the2 European Holocene using a novel genomic dating method"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.18.476710v1.full.pdf
"Recent studies have shown that gene flow or admixture has been pervasive throughout15 human history. While several methods exist for dating admixture in contemporary16 populations, they are not suitable for sparse, low coverage data available from ancient17 specimens. To overcome this limitation, we developed DATES that leverages ancestry18 covariance patterns across the genome of a single individual to infer the timing of admixture.19 By performing simulations, we show that DATES provides reliable results under a range of20 demographic scenarios and outperforms available methods for ancient DNA applications.21 We apply DATES to ~1,100 ancient genomes to reconstruct gene flow events during the22 European Holocene. Present-day Europeans derive ancestry from three distinct groups, local23 Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, Anatolian farmers, and Yamnaya Steppe pastoralists. These24 ancestral groups were themselves admixed. By studying the formation of Anatolian farmers,25 we infer that the gene flow related to Iranian Neolithic farmers occurred no later than 9,60026 BCE, predating agriculture in Anatolia. We estimate the early Steppe pastoralist groups27 genetically formed more than a millennium before the start of steppe pastoralism, providing28 new insights about the history of proto-Yamnaya cultures and the origin of Indo-European29 languages. Using ancient genomes across sixteen regions in Europe, we provide a detailed30 chronology of the Neolithization across Europe that occurred from ~6,400–4,300 BCE. This31 movement was followed by a rapid spread of steppe ancestry from ~3,200–2,500 BCE. Our32 analyses highlight the power of genomic dating methods to elucidate the legacy of human33 migrations, providing insights complementary to archaeological and linguistic evidence."
Great, great stuff.
"Reconstructing the spatiotemporal patterns of admixture during the2 European Holocene using a novel genomic dating method"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.18.476710v1.full.pdf
"Recent studies have shown that gene flow or admixture has been pervasive throughout15 human history. While several methods exist for dating admixture in contemporary16 populations, they are not suitable for sparse, low coverage data available from ancient17 specimens. To overcome this limitation, we developed DATES that leverages ancestry18 covariance patterns across the genome of a single individual to infer the timing of admixture.19 By performing simulations, we show that DATES provides reliable results under a range of20 demographic scenarios and outperforms available methods for ancient DNA applications.21 We apply DATES to ~1,100 ancient genomes to reconstruct gene flow events during the22 European Holocene. Present-day Europeans derive ancestry from three distinct groups, local23 Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, Anatolian farmers, and Yamnaya Steppe pastoralists. These24 ancestral groups were themselves admixed. By studying the formation of Anatolian farmers,25 we infer that the gene flow related to Iranian Neolithic farmers occurred no later than 9,60026 BCE, predating agriculture in Anatolia. We estimate the early Steppe pastoralist groups27 genetically formed more than a millennium before the start of steppe pastoralism, providing28 new insights about the history of proto-Yamnaya cultures and the origin of Indo-European29 languages. Using ancient genomes across sixteen regions in Europe, we provide a detailed30 chronology of the Neolithization across Europe that occurred from ~6,400–4,300 BCE. This31 movement was followed by a rapid spread of steppe ancestry from ~3,200–2,500 BCE. Our32 analyses highlight the power of genomic dating methods to elucidate the legacy of human33 migrations, providing insights complementary to archaeological and linguistic evidence."
Great, great stuff.