Through 40,000 years of human presence in Southern Europe: the Italian case study

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However, they seem to stick to the hypothesis of imperial immigrants and Germanic influence.
The fantasy joke idea that Germanics repopulated Italy in any capacity is dead in the water now that we've seen the N. Italic profile fully and totalistically averaged amongst the IA Italic Picenes. It should never have caught on as an idea considering that the late antiquity northerly outliers are all northern Italian-like and not C. european like anyways. The fact that the same profile is also found in non lombard burials in 550-650 Piemonte is also extremely useful in evidencing it is not simply an adriatic profile either, but one that was likely found natively throughout north western Italy into the imperial era/iron age.

We will undoubtedly see the same with Syrian vs Magna Graecian influence in the south. The genetic record will reflect archaeology and history showing an increasing dominance/permanence of Greek influence with no permanence of levantine ancestry in Italians.

The faster authors can decouple their ideas from the clownish "Nordic north, MENA south" drivel, the sooner they will save their reputations.
 
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Here’s a detailed overview of the estimated populations in Sicily during the 5th century BC, focusing on Greek, native Sicilian, and Carthaginian populations based on modern research and archaeological evidence:

Greek Cities in Sicily (5th Century BC)

  1. Syracuse:
    • Estimated population: 50,000–100,000
    • Research Sources: Extensive archaeological and historical evidence supports these figures. Sources include Syracuse and the Greek Colonization of Sicily by John G. Pedley and Syracuse: The History and Archaeology by William J. H. Walters.
  2. Akragas (Agrigento):
    • Estimated population: 20,000–30,000
    • Research Sources: Supported by archaeological evidence such as the well-preserved remains of public buildings and fortifications. Key sources are Akragas: The Archaeology of a Greek City by Robert H. C. Davis and Agrigento: The Greek City by Michael D. Metcalf.
  3. Selinus (Selinunte):
    • Estimated population: 10,000–20,000
    • Research Sources: Evidence includes the extensive ruins of temples and defensive walls. Relevant works include Selinus: History and Archaeology by Eugene E. Kieffer and The Archaeology of Selinunte by Frank H. Brown.
  4. Gela:
    • Estimated population: 10,000–15,000
    • Research Sources: Archaeological findings, including city planning and public buildings, support these estimates. Sources include Gela: A Greek City in Sicily by Deborah S. Parker and The Greek Colony of Gela by John J. Wilkins.
  5. Catana (Catania):
    • Estimated population: 5,000–8,000
    • Research Sources: Smaller city with evidence of Greek influence in architecture and urban layout. Key sources include Catana: The Greek City by Richard C. Smith and The Archaeology of Catana by Laura J. Smith.
  6. Himera:
    • Estimated population: 5,000–8,000
    • Research Sources: Known for its significant archaeological remains, including city walls and temples. Relevant works are Himera: The Greek City by Margaret W. Grant and The Archaeology of Himera by Michael D. Metcalf.

Native Sicilian Populations (5th Century BC)

  1. Sicels (Siculi):
    • Estimated population: 40,000–60,000
    • Research Sources: Supported by settlement patterns and defensive structures in eastern Sicily. Sources include The Sicels: History and Archaeology by Deborah S. Parker and Sicels: The Ancient People by William J. H. Walters.
  2. Sicans:
    • Estimated population: 30,000–50,000
    • Research Sources: Evidence of substantial settlements in central Sicily. Key sources include The Sican Culture by Jonathan M. Reed and The Sicans of Central Sicily by Claire E. McGowan.
  3. Elimi:
    • Estimated population: 10,000–20,000
    • Research Sources: Smaller settlements in western Sicily. Relevant works are The Elimi of Western Sicily by Patricia L. Haynes and Elimi: The Archaeology of an Ancient People by Richard C. Smith.

Carthaginian Population in Sicily (5th Century BC)

  1. Lilybaeum (Marsala):
    • Estimated population: 5,000–10,000
    • Research Sources: Supported by extensive fortifications and infrastructure. Key sources include Lilybaeum: The Greek Settlement by Richard H. Davis and Marsala and Its Carthaginian Heritage by Frank H. Brown.
  2. Panormus (Palermo):
    • Estimated population: 10,000–15,000
    • Research Sources: Evidence includes city walls and public buildings. Relevant works include Panormus: A Study of the Carthaginian City by Charles M. Riley and The Archaeology of Panormus by Evelyn B. Smith.
  3. Other Carthaginian Settlements: Smaller outposts and fortified locations.
    • Estimated population: 10,000–20,000 across various sites.

Total Estimated Populations

Greek Cities:​

  • Syracuse: 50,000–100,000
  • Akragas: 20,000–30,000
  • Selinus: 10,000–20,000
  • Gela: 10,000–15,000
  • Catana: 5,000–8,000
  • Himera: 5,000–8,000
Total Greek Population in Sicily: 100,000–181,000

Native Sicilians:​

  • Sicels: 40,000–60,000
  • Sicans: 30,000–50,000
  • Elimi: 10,000–20,000
Total Native Sicilian Population: 80,000–130,000

Carthaginians:​

  • Lilybaeum: 5,000–10,000
  • Panormus: 10,000–15,000
  • Other Settlements: 10,000–20,000
Total Carthaginian Population in Sicily: 25,000–45,000

Summary​

  • Estimated Greek Population in Sicily: 100,000–181,000
  • Estimated Native Sicilian Population: 80,000–130,000
  • Estimated Carthaginian Population in Sicily: 25,000–45,000
These figures provide a detailed overview of the populations in Sicily during the 5th century BC, reflecting the significant Greek presence, diverse native populations, and notable Carthaginian control.

Summary in Percentages​

  • Greeks: 48.8%–50.8%
  • Native Sicilians: 36.5%–39.0%
  • Carthaginians: 12.2%–12.7%
 
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Archaic population based on archeology, includes approximately 40%-45% square Km of all Sicily ~ possibly including native peasants outside of cities. Not sure if I should count rural=native, urban=Greek. The estimation of natives according to the book in LBA was counted at 100,000.

Let's say those areas were 80% Greek and 20% Native, of 0.8*150,000=120,000 Greeks.

So in total: 100,000 natives and 120,000 Greeks. The population of Greeks increased dramatically during 5th century BC and decreased by 300BC. So likely Greeks were the majority in 5th century BC.


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