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a. Associate PIE to CHG (or other) is a mistake. PIE success must have been because it was a very broad, everything encompassing, holistic in its entirety.... so the language of the marvelous Shulaveri : ) , because they were very diverse in their way of live. Most studying them got confused...

... And if one looks to the specific period for south balkans, bellow is the Mathieson et al 2017 samples. Remember, second half 5th millennium... Unfortunally not a big resolution in terms of subclades... but R for sure. This is, amongst others, the people I say were arriving PIE to balkans at...

hrvclv.... If one is to believe now krause, Reich, and most relevant "et al" that PIE is 4900bc south caucasus does it not explain everything? If arriving (loaded CHG) to steppe via mountains spoke PIE and arriving population to Balkans via north Anatolia spoke PIE and both (Cousins) meet up...

On the Look out for L51. If one really believes that L51 was from the east (fair enough) and from 5th millennia BC and has not been found yet, what really puzzles me is the human trait of “pretend not to”, which I always found strange (mostly because its linked to left leaning people –...

But why do you find it convincing?

What in the name of God are you mumbling about?! Didn't even know there was a like button! Forget it.

What in heavens name are you talking about?

What the freak are you talking about?

You need to overcome your propensity to come up with doubts and negatives and instead first try to solve those.... then make a proposition. That means that people can discuss that. Its imensly less strange than after the collapse of the bronze age by 1177bc people of such advanced civilizations...

Yes. Will love to see what Bicicleur says... Prior to 3500 bc Iberia was scarcely populated. It was the arriving pops from 3700bc on that are the incognito.

No! Its my hypothesis and was in contrast with Armenian Hypothesis in the following. Armenian Hypothesis was about stating that the 4th and 3rd MIllennium bc in eastern Anatolia, South Caucasus and north Mesopotamia was the Urheimat of PIE. In their mind the PIE was the language of the...

I think I already told you this previously. So my words a while back; To make simple is something like, follow the CHG admix. - So, apart from those above mentioned and just to refer a few, by end of shulaveri on, we would have: Boian and gulmenita (4500bc) spoke pie, later pre-cucuteni a bit...

My shulaveri keep on giving. Now they seemed to have been the master of irrigation. they push back the first irrigation architecture well over 500 years. As they had push the invention of wine over 1000 years to previous Hajji firuz...

Hey. Enough already. I think none of us really meant to upset the other. It's all good. Cheers :)

hrvclv .... if you do not notice the difference between working with the physical evidence and entities ---- and mythical, non tangible, no record at all as the language that CWC spoke... then we just agree to disagree. Please, please do not appeal to victimhood culture, weakling mentality...

Hrvclv, you are not properly contextualizing my comment. eg CWC -- left pottery, weapons, tools etc (Archeology) and we are extracting alleles and SNPs or STRs from their bones (aDna).... what do you have of their language? what plaques, what inscriptions, what texts? see what I mean? ... if...

AS if you know what language Yamnaya, or CWC or Sredny Stog spoke. Apparently in iberia you had similarly autosomal R1b-l51, with ones speaking PIE and others 100 miles ways speaking something a keen of Iberian... To me it looks like ever so more that linguistics are voodoo or astrology...

The advantages of knowing and not looking at this issues as a playstation next leverl.... is the context. The reason why It did not have walls it because it did not need it! for instance Porto torrão had no walls. but the whole guadiana river, where "enemies" could pass was guarded by the he...

????? - Of course it did not have the same population of UR. Ur was a "city" of people on top of eachother! Enormous settlement because San blas, for instance, was over 400HA in size! as big or bigger than ur- do you know anything at the time bigger in europe? Porto torrão, 60 miles way was...

Then look better. I for sure will not look it up for you. If you don't know.... Learn.