to begin, thanks to SILE for a good link
Concerning Y-G (firstable) and Austria others HGs*:
*: a new article about East Tyrol (near Carinthia) separated from the big North Tyrol by the «italian» South Tyrol -
link:
www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0041885
title: «Pasture Names with Romance and Slavic Roots Facilitate Dissection of Y Chromosome Variation in an Exclusively German Speaking Alpine Region»
concerning Y-G:
in Austrian Tyrol (as a whole) the dominant form: 75,6% of Y-G, is the G-P15>
L32>
L497 one, brother to
M406 : 4,8% and cousin to
L293 (
>> P16: 3,3% Caucasian people of today)and to
L91: 4,4%(Ötzi/Mediterranean Isles: Corsica, Sardinia..) - the absolute percentages are 8,6% / 0,5% / 0,4% / 0,5% - (total Y-G 11%)
this absolute domination within G of L497 in Tyrol could be from: a founder effect outside before arriving in Tyrol, or one in Tyrol, or a local drift among more differentiated Y-G's – but in mountains valleys like that local recent enough drifts would have given differnet dominant SNP according to the valleys? - so an already dominant G-L497 before arriving in Tyrol seems to me less uncertain (it is found in a huge part of Europe but at very low level) – the STRs show a local type of L497, with dense distribution merely in the western parts of Tyrol and with a coalescence calculated as 5000 BC (roughly) – the median STR type (~ modal) of Tyrol is found too in some regions as north-eastern Bulgaria - eastern Romania, Moldavia, East to carpathians (post-Starcevo?), Ibiza and W-Majorqua in front of it (Baleares), coastal eastern Catalonia (Spain), a spot in Piemonte and a region linking Veneto to whole Tyrol, a spot in eastern Sicilia intrigues me – Rootsi (according to the authors of this study) thought this HG of Y-G2a is linked to LBK: it makes sense for me too – so, no tight link with later I-Eans, only for somones? - the mountainous localisation and age confirms that – I remember some skeletal remnants of 'danubian mediterranean' phenotypes too in calcholitical cultures (neolithic+copper) and in Rhodanian culture in N-Italy
and N-Catalonia under cultural influences of N-Italy – so a 'danubian' Y-G2a population, more or less crossed with others, could have reached Tyrol and N-Italy when an other Y-G2a one carrying an other mediterranean subptype, colonised Mediterranea by sea, the two of them at early neolithical times – the differences of phenotypes could be due to a) first micro-racialisation or first crossings mediated by females in Anatolia – b) much more crossings on the females side for the maritime Cardial Y-G2a bearers? The G-L497 in the Baelares islands seem being arrived there from Catalonia, by land before navigating, contrary to the bulk of G-L91's of Sardinia and Corsica who where true maritimes ones and cardial -
to conclude: austrian Y-G2a-L497 = néolithical for the most, not bronze age nor I-Eans, at this stage of my knowledge – (the Etruscan hypothesislost force too) -
&: the Y-G2a-L283-P16 is very seldom everywhere except around Caucasus: I think they were not the first providers of neolithical bans of Europe and I bet they always stayed rather in the northern versant of Caucasus – I modify my first opinion concerning Alani: they were surely more Y-R1a than Y-G2a – the today highsport of Y-G2a in Ossetians is not due to Alani -
as a whole, the heavy (19%) but poorly variated Y-R1b-U106, dominant more in West than in East Austria, associated with a not negligeable % of Y-I1 (12%), is for me definitely linked to Germanic populations (Völkerwanderungen), whoever the tribe -
the study I put a link to above is focused on East Tyrol – it tries to link current Y-DNA to ancient populations by studying ancient toponymes (pasture places names): very interesting idea!
The E-Tyrol were colonised by Germanics around the 5/6° centuries,
but not in everyplace – but before them were Romance speakers and Slavic speakers that fought lastly in 610 – the romance language disapearred progressively, and at the 14° cetury it was reduced to some places – as a whole, they say, slavic local placenames were found in East and North E-Tyrol, even Northwest, and romances names in South and Southwest, near the Veneto fronteers except some isolated places in Kals Valley in North-Northeast -
as a whole today: 71% germanic names, 17% slavic names, 12% romance names -
whatever the generations, there is surprising facts to extract of this study -
as a whole, S-Tyrol has more Y-R1b than N-Tyrol (42,2% > 32,0%), but «slavic» has much more of it than «romance» - in «slavic», U106 as opposed to U152 is very stronger than in «romance» (here, no surpise, «slavic» is northernly placed –
almost NO Y-R1a in «slavic»!!! opposed to intuition! -
globally in the two «slavic and «romance», Y-G2a is P15 (weakly usefull: upstream to Caucasus and C-Europe sorts) – I shall come back on this subject after some brainstorm!
