Alonzo
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A very interesting new study by Richard Lynn, "In Italy, north–south differences in IQ predict differences in income, education, infant mortality, stature, and literacy" reveals that :
"IQs are highest in the north and lowest in the south [of Italy]. Regional IQs obtained in 2006 are highly correlated with average incomes at r=0.937, and with stature, infant mortality, literacy and education. The lower IQ in southern Italy may be attributable to genetic admixture with populations from the Near East and North Africa"
"A possible explanation for the northern regions having had higher IQs than the southern regions at least from 1880 and possibly from 1400 to 1600 is that the populations of the north and south are genetically different and these genetic differences are related to differences in intelligence. Cavalli-Sforza, Menozzi, and Piazza (1994) are the leading authorities on the genetics of human populations, particularly those in Italy. They write of the population genetics of Italy that “northern Italy shows similarities with countries of central Europe, whereas central and southern Italy are more similar to Greece and other Mediterranean countries. This corresponds to the well-known differences in physical type (especially pigmentation and size) between the northern and north-central Italians on the one side and southern Italians on the other” (1994, p. 277). By “Mediterranean countries” Cavalli-Sforza, Menozzi and Piazza mean the countries that border the Mediterranean including those of North Africa and the Near East. They note also that the Sardinians are genetically more closely related to the Greeks, Lebanese and North African Berbers than to central and northern Europeans (Cavalli-Sforza et al., 1994, pp. 78, 274). Subsequent studies have confirmed the genetic impact of immigration from the Near East and North Africa into southern Italy"
"The explanation of the genetic difference between northern and north-central Italians and southern Italians together with Sardinians is that over the course of many centuries there has been considerable immigration into the southern Italian mainland, Sicily, and Sardinia by peoples from North Africa and the Near East"
"The diffusion of genes from the Near East and North Africa may explain why the populations of southern Italy have IQs in the range of 89–92, intermediate between those of northern Italy and central and northern Europe (about 100) and those of the Near East and North Africa (in the range of 80–84) (these IQs are given in Lynn, 2006). This also explains the north–south gradient of IQ in Italy in which the regional IQs do not show a clear dichotomy between north and south but rather a gradient in which IQs decline steadily with more southerly latitude. ... This explanation also accounts for the IQs of around 90 for several countries in the Balkans shown in Lynn (2006) and confirmed for Serbia by Rushton and Čvorović (2009), whose populations are of partly European and partly Near Eastern origin (Semino et al., 1996). All these data taken together indicate that the north– south gradient of intelligence in Italy has a genetic basis going back many centuries, and hence predicts the social and economic differences documented in the nineteenth century up to the present day."
unibas.it/utenti/sofo/10031615355513377.pdf
"IQs are highest in the north and lowest in the south [of Italy]. Regional IQs obtained in 2006 are highly correlated with average incomes at r=0.937, and with stature, infant mortality, literacy and education. The lower IQ in southern Italy may be attributable to genetic admixture with populations from the Near East and North Africa"
"A possible explanation for the northern regions having had higher IQs than the southern regions at least from 1880 and possibly from 1400 to 1600 is that the populations of the north and south are genetically different and these genetic differences are related to differences in intelligence. Cavalli-Sforza, Menozzi, and Piazza (1994) are the leading authorities on the genetics of human populations, particularly those in Italy. They write of the population genetics of Italy that “northern Italy shows similarities with countries of central Europe, whereas central and southern Italy are more similar to Greece and other Mediterranean countries. This corresponds to the well-known differences in physical type (especially pigmentation and size) between the northern and north-central Italians on the one side and southern Italians on the other” (1994, p. 277). By “Mediterranean countries” Cavalli-Sforza, Menozzi and Piazza mean the countries that border the Mediterranean including those of North Africa and the Near East. They note also that the Sardinians are genetically more closely related to the Greeks, Lebanese and North African Berbers than to central and northern Europeans (Cavalli-Sforza et al., 1994, pp. 78, 274). Subsequent studies have confirmed the genetic impact of immigration from the Near East and North Africa into southern Italy"
"The explanation of the genetic difference between northern and north-central Italians and southern Italians together with Sardinians is that over the course of many centuries there has been considerable immigration into the southern Italian mainland, Sicily, and Sardinia by peoples from North Africa and the Near East"
"The diffusion of genes from the Near East and North Africa may explain why the populations of southern Italy have IQs in the range of 89–92, intermediate between those of northern Italy and central and northern Europe (about 100) and those of the Near East and North Africa (in the range of 80–84) (these IQs are given in Lynn, 2006). This also explains the north–south gradient of IQ in Italy in which the regional IQs do not show a clear dichotomy between north and south but rather a gradient in which IQs decline steadily with more southerly latitude. ... This explanation also accounts for the IQs of around 90 for several countries in the Balkans shown in Lynn (2006) and confirmed for Serbia by Rushton and Čvorović (2009), whose populations are of partly European and partly Near Eastern origin (Semino et al., 1996). All these data taken together indicate that the north– south gradient of intelligence in Italy has a genetic basis going back many centuries, and hence predicts the social and economic differences documented in the nineteenth century up to the present day."
unibas.it/utenti/sofo/10031615355513377.pdf
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