Original home and migrations
There are two mostly debated theories in regard to the original home of the Slavs.One theory considers the region of the Danube as the original home of the Slavs,they spread northeast over the Carpathians as far as the Volga River, Lake Ilmen. The other theory regards the districts between the Vistula and the Dnieper as their original home they spread southwest over the Carpathians to the Balkans and into the Alps, and towards the west across the Oder and the Elbe.
The Russian primary Chronicles were perhaps some of the older texts where Eastern Slavs themselves write about "their homeland" will post the text regarding the "Slavic homeland" on the Danube Laurentian text:Over a long period the Slavs settled beside the Danube, where the Hungarian and Bulgarian lands now lie. From among these Slavs,parties scattered throughout the country and were known by appropriate names, according to the places where they settled. Thus some came and settled by the river Morava, and were named Moravians, while others were called Czechs. Among these same Slavs are included the White Croats,the Serbs, and the Carinthians. For when the Vlakhs attacked the Danubian Slavs, settled among them, and did them violence, the latter came and made their homes by the Vistula, and were then called Lyakhs.Of these same Lyakhs some were called Polyanians, some Lutichians, some Mazovians, and still others Pomorians. Certain Slavs settled also on the Dnieper, and were likewise called Polyanians. Still others were named Derevlians, because they lived in the forests. Some also lived between the Pripet' and the Dvina, and were known as Dregovichians. Other tribes resided along the Dvina and were called Polotians on account of a small stream called the Polota, which flows into the Dvina. It was from this same stream that they were named Polotians. The Slavs also dwelt about Lake Il'men', and were known there by their characteristic name. They built a city which they called Novgorod. Still others had their homes along the Desna, the Sem', and the Sula, and were called Severians. Thus the Slavic race was divided, and its language was known as Slavic.
This text might be Anacrhonistic it is ascribed to monk Nestor,starting with the Biblical land like in the Bible something and then Slavs settled on the Danube,my sources treat them this way,his goal was clearly not just to link the Slavic Rus’ to the lands where the Slavs had received the Word in their own language(Church Slavonic became sacred language after Greek,Latin,Hebrew) but also to advance the idea of a new Chosen People,when writing that with the Russian Primary Chronicle another story begins, namely that of the«national» use of the Slavs «for claims to ancestry.
Florin Curta archeologist in South East Europe further argue that the Balkans witnessed sharp demographic decline in 6th-7th century and that the Sclavenes were the product of Justinian fortification plan on the Danube limes,reffering to the traditionalist theory he adds Cultures as one archeologist noted do not migrate. It is often only a very narrowly defined, goal-oriented subgroup that migrates. “To speak of the Prague culture as the culture of the migrating Slavs is therefore a nonsense. earliest archaeological evidence of settlement assemblages postdating the general withdrawal of Roman armies from the Balkans. This suggests that there was no “Slavic tide” in the Balkans following the presumed collapse of the Danube frontier. In addition, the archaeological evidence confirms the picture drawn from the analysis of written sources, namely that the “Slavs” were isolated pockets of population in various areas of the Balkans, which seem to have experienced serious demographic decline in the seventh century. The discussion in Chapter has been based on the concept that the disintegration of the military system in the Balkans, which Justinian implemented the result not so much of the destruction inflicted by barbarian invasions, as of serious economic and financial problems caused both by the emperor’s policies elsewhere and by the impossibility of providing sufficient economic support to his gigantic building program of defense. This conclusion is substantiated by the analysis of sixth-century Byzantine coin hoards, which suggest that inflation, not barbarian raids, was responsible for high rates of non-retrieval.Johanna Nichols not long ago placed the locus of the Slavic language in the vicinity of the Western Danube plain.Oleg Trubachev had similar proposals,Sclavenes had their power base in the Danube and Pannonia none wrote they came from somewhere else whoever they might be in Procopious eyes,Byzantines reffered to Avar military elite as Sclaveni with Slavic "lingua franca" which according to Horace Lunt further spread Slavic,however Sclaveni or Sklabenoi the original Greek word is not cognate with the Slavic word "Sloveni" and is not self designation word of "Slavic tribe" has a different meaning,many times missinterpreted in historical usage,while in the Western sources they were dealing with Wends.
Traditional Scenario:The Globular Amphora culture stretches from the middle Dnieper to the Elbe in the late 4th and early 3rd millennia BCE. It has been suggested as the locus of a Germano-Balto-Slavic continuum (compare Germanic substrate hypothesis), but the identification of its bearers as Indo-Europeans is uncertain. The area of this culture contains numerous tumuli – typical for IE originators.The Chernoles culture (8th to 3rd centuries BC, sometimes associated with the "Scythian farmers" of Herodotus) is "sometimes portrayed as either a state in the development of the Slavic languages or at least some form of late Indo-European ancestral to the evolution of the Slavic stock.The Milograd culture (700 BCE – 100 CE), centered roughly on present-day Belarus, north of the contemporaneous Chernoles culture, has also been proposed as ancestral to either Slavs or Balts. The ethnic composition of the bearers of the Przeworsk culture (2nd century BC to the 4th century AD, associated with the Lugii) of central and southern Poland, northern Slovakia and Ukraine, including the Zarubintsy culture (2nd century BCE to the 2nd century CE, also connected with the Bastarnae tribe) and the Oksywie culture are other candidates.The area of southern Ukraine is known to have been inhabited by Scythian and Sarmatian tribes prior to the foundation of the Gothic kingdom. Early Slavic stone stelae found in the middle Dniester region are markedly different from the Scythian and Sarmatian stelae found in the Crimea.The Wielbark Culture displaced the eastern Oksywie part of the Przeworsk culture from the 1st century AD. While the Chernyakhov culture; 2nd to 5th centuries CE leads to the decline of the late Sarmatian culture in the 2nd to 4th centuries, the western part of the Przeworsk culture remains intact until the 4th century, and the Kiev culture flourishes during the same time, in the 2nd to 5th centuries AD. This latter culture is recognized as the direct predecessor of the Prague-Korchak and Pen'kovo cultures (6th–7th centuries AD), the first archaeological cultures the bearers of which are indisputably identified as Slavic.Proto-Slavic is thus likely to have reached its final stage in the Kiev area; there is, however, substantial disagreement in the scientific community over the identity of the Kiev culture's predecessors, with some scholars tracing it from the Ruthenian Milograd culture, others from the "Ukrainian" Chernoles and Zarubintsy cultures and still others from the "Polish" Przeworsk culture.
Migrations
According to eastern homeland theory, prior to becoming known to the Roman world, Slavic-speaking tribes were part of the many multi-ethnic confederacies of Eurasia – such as the Sarmatian, Hun and Gothic empires. The Slavs emerged from obscurity when the westward movement of Germans in the 5th and 6th centuries CE (thought to be in conjunction with the movement of peoples from Siberia and Eastern Europe: Huns, and later Avars and Bulgars) started the great migration of the Slavs, who settled the lands abandoned by Germanic tribes fleeing the Huns and their allies: westward into the country between the Oder and the Elbe-Saale line; southward into Bohemia, Moravia, much of present day Austria, the Pannonian plain and the Balkans; and northward along the upper Dnieper river. Perhaps some Slavs migrated with the movement of the Vandals to Iberia and north Africa.Around the 6th century, Slavs appeared on Byzantine borders.After a military movement even the Peloponnese and Asia Minor were reported to have Slavic settlements.This southern movement has traditionally been seen as an invasive expansion. By the end of the 6th century, Slavs had settled the Eastern Alps regions.
What is your opinion what happened in Europe from 6th to 9th century when Roman empire was crumbling transforming in Byzantine and new countries,empires and elite emerged,when look up also in genetics?
There are two mostly debated theories in regard to the original home of the Slavs.One theory considers the region of the Danube as the original home of the Slavs,they spread northeast over the Carpathians as far as the Volga River, Lake Ilmen. The other theory regards the districts between the Vistula and the Dnieper as their original home they spread southwest over the Carpathians to the Balkans and into the Alps, and towards the west across the Oder and the Elbe.
- Milograd culture hypothesis: The pre-Proto-Slavs (or Balto-Slavs) were the bearers of the Milograd culture (7th century BC to 1st century AD) of northern Ukraine and southern Belarus.
- Chernoles culture hypothesis: The pre-Proto-Slavs were the bearers of the Chernoles culture (750–200 BC) of northern Ukraine, and later the Zarubintsy culture (3rd century BC to 1st century AD).
- Lusatian culture hypothesis: The pre-Proto-Slavs were present in north-eastern Central Europe since at least the late 2nd millennium BCE, and were the bearers of the Lusatian culture (1300–500 BC), and later the Przeworsk culture (2nd century BC to 4th century AD).
- Danube basin hypothesis: postulated by Oleg Trubachyov; sustained at present by Florin Curta, also supported by an early Medieval Slavic narrative source – Nestor's Chronicle
The Russian primary Chronicles were perhaps some of the older texts where Eastern Slavs themselves write about "their homeland" will post the text regarding the "Slavic homeland" on the Danube Laurentian text:Over a long period the Slavs settled beside the Danube, where the Hungarian and Bulgarian lands now lie. From among these Slavs,parties scattered throughout the country and were known by appropriate names, according to the places where they settled. Thus some came and settled by the river Morava, and were named Moravians, while others were called Czechs. Among these same Slavs are included the White Croats,the Serbs, and the Carinthians. For when the Vlakhs attacked the Danubian Slavs, settled among them, and did them violence, the latter came and made their homes by the Vistula, and were then called Lyakhs.Of these same Lyakhs some were called Polyanians, some Lutichians, some Mazovians, and still others Pomorians. Certain Slavs settled also on the Dnieper, and were likewise called Polyanians. Still others were named Derevlians, because they lived in the forests. Some also lived between the Pripet' and the Dvina, and were known as Dregovichians. Other tribes resided along the Dvina and were called Polotians on account of a small stream called the Polota, which flows into the Dvina. It was from this same stream that they were named Polotians. The Slavs also dwelt about Lake Il'men', and were known there by their characteristic name. They built a city which they called Novgorod. Still others had their homes along the Desna, the Sem', and the Sula, and were called Severians. Thus the Slavic race was divided, and its language was known as Slavic.
This text might be Anacrhonistic it is ascribed to monk Nestor,starting with the Biblical land like in the Bible something and then Slavs settled on the Danube,my sources treat them this way,his goal was clearly not just to link the Slavic Rus’ to the lands where the Slavs had received the Word in their own language(Church Slavonic became sacred language after Greek,Latin,Hebrew) but also to advance the idea of a new Chosen People,when writing that with the Russian Primary Chronicle another story begins, namely that of the«national» use of the Slavs «for claims to ancestry.
Florin Curta archeologist in South East Europe further argue that the Balkans witnessed sharp demographic decline in 6th-7th century and that the Sclavenes were the product of Justinian fortification plan on the Danube limes,reffering to the traditionalist theory he adds Cultures as one archeologist noted do not migrate. It is often only a very narrowly defined, goal-oriented subgroup that migrates. “To speak of the Prague culture as the culture of the migrating Slavs is therefore a nonsense. earliest archaeological evidence of settlement assemblages postdating the general withdrawal of Roman armies from the Balkans. This suggests that there was no “Slavic tide” in the Balkans following the presumed collapse of the Danube frontier. In addition, the archaeological evidence confirms the picture drawn from the analysis of written sources, namely that the “Slavs” were isolated pockets of population in various areas of the Balkans, which seem to have experienced serious demographic decline in the seventh century. The discussion in Chapter has been based on the concept that the disintegration of the military system in the Balkans, which Justinian implemented the result not so much of the destruction inflicted by barbarian invasions, as of serious economic and financial problems caused both by the emperor’s policies elsewhere and by the impossibility of providing sufficient economic support to his gigantic building program of defense. This conclusion is substantiated by the analysis of sixth-century Byzantine coin hoards, which suggest that inflation, not barbarian raids, was responsible for high rates of non-retrieval.Johanna Nichols not long ago placed the locus of the Slavic language in the vicinity of the Western Danube plain.Oleg Trubachev had similar proposals,Sclavenes had their power base in the Danube and Pannonia none wrote they came from somewhere else whoever they might be in Procopious eyes,Byzantines reffered to Avar military elite as Sclaveni with Slavic "lingua franca" which according to Horace Lunt further spread Slavic,however Sclaveni or Sklabenoi the original Greek word is not cognate with the Slavic word "Sloveni" and is not self designation word of "Slavic tribe" has a different meaning,many times missinterpreted in historical usage,while in the Western sources they were dealing with Wends.
Traditional Scenario:The Globular Amphora culture stretches from the middle Dnieper to the Elbe in the late 4th and early 3rd millennia BCE. It has been suggested as the locus of a Germano-Balto-Slavic continuum (compare Germanic substrate hypothesis), but the identification of its bearers as Indo-Europeans is uncertain. The area of this culture contains numerous tumuli – typical for IE originators.The Chernoles culture (8th to 3rd centuries BC, sometimes associated with the "Scythian farmers" of Herodotus) is "sometimes portrayed as either a state in the development of the Slavic languages or at least some form of late Indo-European ancestral to the evolution of the Slavic stock.The Milograd culture (700 BCE – 100 CE), centered roughly on present-day Belarus, north of the contemporaneous Chernoles culture, has also been proposed as ancestral to either Slavs or Balts. The ethnic composition of the bearers of the Przeworsk culture (2nd century BC to the 4th century AD, associated with the Lugii) of central and southern Poland, northern Slovakia and Ukraine, including the Zarubintsy culture (2nd century BCE to the 2nd century CE, also connected with the Bastarnae tribe) and the Oksywie culture are other candidates.The area of southern Ukraine is known to have been inhabited by Scythian and Sarmatian tribes prior to the foundation of the Gothic kingdom. Early Slavic stone stelae found in the middle Dniester region are markedly different from the Scythian and Sarmatian stelae found in the Crimea.The Wielbark Culture displaced the eastern Oksywie part of the Przeworsk culture from the 1st century AD. While the Chernyakhov culture; 2nd to 5th centuries CE leads to the decline of the late Sarmatian culture in the 2nd to 4th centuries, the western part of the Przeworsk culture remains intact until the 4th century, and the Kiev culture flourishes during the same time, in the 2nd to 5th centuries AD. This latter culture is recognized as the direct predecessor of the Prague-Korchak and Pen'kovo cultures (6th–7th centuries AD), the first archaeological cultures the bearers of which are indisputably identified as Slavic.Proto-Slavic is thus likely to have reached its final stage in the Kiev area; there is, however, substantial disagreement in the scientific community over the identity of the Kiev culture's predecessors, with some scholars tracing it from the Ruthenian Milograd culture, others from the "Ukrainian" Chernoles and Zarubintsy cultures and still others from the "Polish" Przeworsk culture.
Migrations
According to eastern homeland theory, prior to becoming known to the Roman world, Slavic-speaking tribes were part of the many multi-ethnic confederacies of Eurasia – such as the Sarmatian, Hun and Gothic empires. The Slavs emerged from obscurity when the westward movement of Germans in the 5th and 6th centuries CE (thought to be in conjunction with the movement of peoples from Siberia and Eastern Europe: Huns, and later Avars and Bulgars) started the great migration of the Slavs, who settled the lands abandoned by Germanic tribes fleeing the Huns and their allies: westward into the country between the Oder and the Elbe-Saale line; southward into Bohemia, Moravia, much of present day Austria, the Pannonian plain and the Balkans; and northward along the upper Dnieper river. Perhaps some Slavs migrated with the movement of the Vandals to Iberia and north Africa.Around the 6th century, Slavs appeared on Byzantine borders.After a military movement even the Peloponnese and Asia Minor were reported to have Slavic settlements.This southern movement has traditionally been seen as an invasive expansion. By the end of the 6th century, Slavs had settled the Eastern Alps regions.
What is your opinion what happened in Europe from 6th to 9th century when Roman empire was crumbling transforming in Byzantine and new countries,empires and elite emerged,when look up also in genetics?
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