Albanian substrate in Slavic Carpathia

[PaleoRevenge]

Y section is small. The most obvious in your face cognates are yngeraš and ynkljuz.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

кальман/kalʹman, кайман/kajman	the person responsible for maintaining the fire in the sheepfold or woodcutter's hut	kall - to light, ignite. kallet - to catch/start fire
закєласи/zakjelasy	misfire	kall - 1) to stick [ ] in/inside 2) to incite, provoke; induce 3) [Fig] to deceive, trick 4) [Reg] to light, ignite
КАЛАМАНЦІЯ/KALAMANCIJA, КАЛАМОЦІЯ/KALAMOCIJA	Misunderstanding, commotion, disorder, discord, disagreement.	kalamallëk - childish behavior kalama/kalaman - 1) young child: little kid 2) [Pej] person who behaves childishly, immature person
КАЛАМОТИТИ/KALAMOTYTY	to mess with someone's head - to fool, to bother someone; to mess with someone's head.	kalamendet - 1) to lose consciousness, faint 2) to get groggy, feel dazed kalamendës - dizzying, bewildering
калабарити/kalabaryty, kalabaryty	to talk nonsense, blether	kalambur - pun; play on words
калай/kalaj, каланник/kalannyk	1) landless, poor 2) very poor man	kalander - 2) poor man, beggar
келавий/kelavyj	a man who moves very slowly	kalaveshas - with great difficulty
кєлавка/kjelavka	slow/sluggish woman	kalaveshas - with great difficulty
кємпа/kjempa	steep climb from the valley	këmbas - on foot
кємріти/kjemrity	to walk around in a group	këmbë/kâmbë/kâmb/kâm/këm - 1) leg 2) foot 3) footstep
клємбрувати/kljembruvaty	to clumsily sew holes in a shirt or other clothing	këmbë - foot, leg. An Albanian expression/insult for clumsy/messy job, is to say, "me këmbë e ke bër" - which roughly translates to "did you do this with your feet?
навкємитиси/navkjemytysy, навкимилоси/navkymylosy	1) to get tired after a long wait 2) tired of waiting	në këmbë - standing
комоситиси/komosytysy	to prepare for rest, sleep, to settle down to sit or sleep	këmbë/kâmbë/kâmb/kâm/këm - 1) leg 2) foot 3) footstep këmbësutë - doe-footed, light-footed
кант/kant	all, both, so much	kaq - 1) this much/many, so much/many, so 2) only this much/many; only so much/many; so few/little
капів/kapiv, капова/kapova	hunting dog, hunting dogs	kap - 1) to take hold, grip, grab; catch, grasp, seize, clutch 2) to capture. kapës - 1) seizing 2) grasping 3) holding; prehensile
кіпси/kipsy	he got scared	kaps - with difficulty in defecation: constipated.
кіпнув/kipnuv	ran fast	kapërcen - 1) to get [ ] over/across a barrier, cross; overcome, surmount 2) to skip, skip over [ ] 3) to surpass kapëllon - overcome kaplon - to appear suddenly and spread all over, surge forth kaprroç - strong and spry
капуст/kapust	rutabaga, swedish turnip	këpus - to sever; break; break [ ] off, to pull it off
капуші/kapuši	sheep fleas	këpushë - 1) (Entom) tick 2) person who is a social parasite
капці/kapci, капчури/kapčury	1) homemade cloth socks 2) sandals 3) knitted wool socks	këpucë - shoe këputë - sole of the foot
катавала/katavala	blacksmith, smith	kotoval - to create wavelike movement in [ ], cause ripples in
катафельк/katafelʹk, katafejka	deathbed, support on which the deceased is placed	fle/flen - sleep, rest. It is very likely a compound that means resting place. Either from some unattested word for bed/rest/lay, or straight up këtu-flen - here sleeps. këtu - here, over here. Example of similar compound: këtejlumas - (person) dwelling/situated in territory on this side of the river
катрафоя/katrafoja	common wild cherry (Prunus padus)	fojletë - celtis tree, nettle tree, hackberry. Thus katerfojletë = the fourth variety of these trees.
каучька/kaučʹka	crutch, walking stick, cane	kaçkët - made of walnut (wood)
кацакати/kacakaty	to call goats	kec - kid, goat less than a year old . kaciq - baby goat: kid. kacek - bag made of sheepskin/goatskin
кацюба/kacjuba	a tool used in a kiln, tools used in the oven	kacabu/kacabun/furrtare - cockroach, named in Albanian after furnace kacabunjtë - angry, furious
качіраби/kačiraby	clumsy legs	kërrabë - 1) shepherd's crook, crook 2) forked prop koçirënë - partially paralyzed
кічірати/kičiraty	to walk badly	koçirënë - partially paralyzed kaçel - lame
качулия/kačulyja	poppy flower	kacull - bagpod (Vesicaria utriculata Lam.)
кішня/kišnja, кішниця/kišnycja	1) haymaking period 2) a field intended for mowing grass	kashtë - 1) straw 2) thatch kashtarë - heap of hay/straw
кимити/kymyty, кемувати/kemuvaty, кимливий/kymlyvyj	1) to remember 2) remember 3) memorable	kam - to have
найсикємит/najsykjemyt	is mentioned, remembered	kam - to have
кімувати/kimuvaty	to guess	ke - you have kam - to have
кептар/keptar, кіптар/kiptar	short sleeveless leather coat	kep - 1) crag 2) (Geog) cape, promontory, point 5) edge. Compare to English "cape" used for sleevless garment
закипіти/zakypity	to fall into some abyss	kep - 1) crag 2) (Geog) cape, promontory, point 3) mattock 4) spalling mallet, spallpeen hammer 5) edge Slavic za - beyond, outside, behind, overmuch
кервала/kervala	morbidity	kërvallet - 1) to bray (the loud, harsh cry of a donkey or mule). 2) to screech 3) to sing with a raspy voice
квацитиси/kvacytysy, квацувати/kvacuvaty	1) to make an unfriendly face 2) distort, to grimace	kërveshet/kërveshje - 1 to grimace, make faces 2 (of parts of the face) to become contorted
зквацитиси/zkvacytysy	to make a displeased face	kërveshet/kërveshje - 1 to grimace, make faces 2 (of parts of the face) to become contorted
кержя/keržja	crutch	karrazuem - paralytic
кечери/kečery	mountains with bare peaks/tops	kërce - 2) crust, adj brand new, crisp and clean
кичіра/kyčira	a low mountain covered with forest, small mountain covered with forest	kaçirubë - 1) tuft of feathers on the head: crest 2) rooster's comb 3) forelock; mane
кібзувати/kibzuvati	to spoil	kalbëzon - 1) to begin to rot/spoil 2) to become putrefied: putrefy kalbëzim - rotten part, rotten thing kalbës - rotting, putrescent
кішка/kiška, кішкий/kiškyj, кіжкий/kižkyj	1) pregnant woman 2) heavy, difficult	kishk - 1) donkey colt 2) domestic buffalo calf.
клейго/klejho, клейгов/klejhov	1) be careful!, attention! 2) carefully	quaj (kluoj in medevial Alb) - call, hear
клянчіти/kljančity	to humiliatingly ask, to pray humbly	qan - 1) to shed tears: cry, weep 4) [Fig Old] to complain, from older klanj, from Proto-Albanian *klaunja qarës - 1) mournful, plaintive 2) complaining
ЦЯТИ/CJATY	tears	qan/qaj - to cry, weep, shed tears
КЛЕЗНУТИ/KLEZNUTY	To strike, to hit, to strike (about fire, lightning)	qëllon - 1) to hit 2) to beat
кокоїжитиси/kokojižytysy	To be upset, to bristle, to pout	koke - head kokëndezur - hotheaded, rash
накокоїжено/nakokojiženo	rebelliously	koke - head kokëndezur - hotheaded, rash
колиба/kolyba	hut, temporary dwelling for woodcutters	kolib - 1) hut, shack, hovel 2) doghouse
колодьба/kolodʹba	pneumonia	kollë - 1) cough 2) coughed-up phlegm. kollitet - to come down with a cough; cough
корзан/korzan, корзани/korzany	1) old bed 2) old shoes	korzë - bedbug
корнєти/kornjety, корньити/kornʹyty	to wake someone from sleep	karranit - to stretch [ ] out flat, stretch [a dead body] out on the ground
корняла/kornjala	fresh grass	kërnjallët - brisk
крак/krak, кранґ/krang	branch, twig, offshoot	krah - 1) arm 2) shoulder and back area (used for carrying) 3) left/right side (of something) 4) armload, armful 5) armrest 6) side, direction 7) wing 8) (Mil) flank 9) branch krënd - 1) dry thin branches and twigs used as tinder 2) fodder composed of tender thin twigs cut up with leaves krekëzon - to trim [tree branches]
кракати/krakaty	to pull hair, pulling the hair on the head or beard without compassion	krahit - 1) to prune [a tree] 2) to weed [a field] 3) to winnow [grain] krahitur - 1) pruned 2) weeded 3) winnowed
крепнути/krepnuty	not be able to stand it, to be unable to bear	krepon - to cry hard; cry out loud krepaton - 1) to cry [ ] for help 2) to alarm
криж/kryž	a piece of fabric or cloth	gërris/gris/kris - to tear, rip; tear [ ] up; rip [ ] off. grisur - in/with tattered clothes: raggedy
крипір/krypir	death	krip - 1) to salt 2) to sprinkle [ ] with a powdery or granular substance 3) to give salt to [livestock] kripur - 1) salty 2) pickled in brine krip kokën - to kill
крижєвка/kryžjevka, Kryživka, kryževka	head of cabbage	krye - head, lead kreçe - head of cabbage
крижі/kryži	lower back	kurriz - ridge, back, lower back
НАКРУЗІ/NAKRUZI	Back. Example: On Monday, because I went, I saw, to Fedorchuk, but he turned back, and I left.	kurriz - ridge, back, lower back. Me ktheu kurrizin.
кринта/krynta	mountain range on the Hryniavskyi Range, sheepfold in the Hrineava massif	krëndth - tree sprout, sapling krënd - 1) dry thin branches and twigs used as tinder 2) fodder composed of tender thin twigs cut up with leaves krëndet - to bud, sprout; go into leaf; become all leafy
кріцовий/kricovyj	sturdy	kriç/kërriç - donkey colt
куєви/kujevy	inaccessible cliffs	kojkë - barren hilltop. kojë - crust; skin
кукуцарі/kukucari, кукуценики/kukucenyky	children who go from house to house on Maundy Thursday, announcing that Easter is coming soon	kukuris - to giggle. kukurisje - giggling sound, giggle
кумбук/kumbuk	a tree that has had its top cut or damaged and is growing in width	kumbis - 1) to put [one's head/body] down to rest/sleep 2) to lean against [ ], rest on [ ] 3) to support këmbë - foot, leg kondur - tree stump
кундосити/kundosyty	to pull with jerk , sharp movements	kundalis - to cause back and forth motion: shake [ ], vibrate [ ], rock lëkundet - to move back and forth: shake, vibrate, quake; rock shkundur - shaken down/off
куш/kuš	demand to leave immediately, to withdraw, corresponding in meaning to the word: away! Out, away, outside; entirely; far away	ikesh - leave, to leave

 

[PaleoRevenge]

K section is the largest and an incredible one, kalaman, kalamendet, kalambur, kalander and kalaveshas are ancient words, frozen in time. Kala is dead verb that no longer has a meaning in Albanian, these type of word constructions likely stopped after the Bronze Age. To have such clear cut cognates with the fragment of north Dacian language, it points to an undeniable ancient connection that can only be explained through a common Daco-Thracian heritage.

There are many crucial cognates, multiple cognates with the root word kap, cognates to kepuce, kurriz, kalbëzon, kollë, kall, kep, etc.... A very dense section. Very possible congages to Albanain koke and krye as well.

There was an attempt to sell kalman as Turkish, one only needs to check Ukranian etymology, they have no answer, and I've seen Turkish kalman mentioned in etymology for a completely unrelated word, clearly they is no connection(Ukranian linguists did not consider it and they are aware of Turkish kalman), as no one is left behind, kalman is the fire keeper, his most important job is keeping the fire alive while everyone is enjoying a warm sleep. The etymology can only be explained through Albanian like hundreds of Hutsul mystery words.

Just like the g section where gl follwed the Albanian evolution to gj, we see Hutsul kl matches Albanian evolution to q, the example quaj/kluoj makes it clear as day. Georgiev was right on the money where he correctly concluded Albanain phonetic developments match Dacian and Daco-Mysian.

kacjuba is an interesting catch, in Albanian cockroaches are called both kacabun/furrtare, which is clearly related to the word for oven(furr). Though not in official dictionary kacabujt is used to describe when someone is boiling in anger. The connection to the Hutsul oven/kiln tool now becomes visible.

Albanian kemba is considered a foreign(Latin) loan. It's appearance in Hutsul is interesting as the Hutsuls usage shows the Hutsuls no longer recall it's original meaning, and if they borrowed it from Romanian, the meaning(foot/leg) would not have been lost as Romanian borrowing are quite recent, post 1300 AD. Either the Hutsuls borrowed the term directly from Latin or Albanian kembe is not a Latin word but a Daco-thracian lexicon.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

ландрувати/landruvaty, лундати/lundaty	1) to travel, to roam 2) to go somewhere without a specific destination	lundron - 1) to travel by boat or ship 2) to float 3) to be insecure lundrim - 2) travel by boat or ship 3) voyage
залундиґав/zalundygav	went somewhere	lundron - 1) to travel by boat or ship 2) to float 3) to be insecure lundrim - 2) travel by boat or ship 3) voyage
лантєчко/lantječko	old clothes	leckë - raggedy old clothes
лєцтий/ljectyj, лєчіденне/lječidenne	1) disgusting, ugly, bad, poor, which does not have good qualities, properties; not as it should be; which causes a negative assessment 2) very ugly	leckët - 1) raggedy 2) overburdened
лапатачє/lapatačje	wood scraps	lapandar - tattered, raggedy
левір/levir	direction or location	lëviz - to move, set in motion, transfer. From lë +‎ vizë, 'to leave a track'
лєрва/ljerva	easy(whorish) woman, doxy woman	lëvrin - 1) to wriggle; wiggle 2) [Fig] to be in constant motion 3) to roll in mire levarash - 1) very energetic, constantly moving 2) unstable, changeable, shifting 3) [Fig] having loose morals levend - frisky, spry
ливати/lyvaty	1) to run after someone 2) to go from house to house aimlessly	livron - to deliver, to move
легінцький/lehincʹkyj	girlish, boylike, boyish, youthful	lehtë - 1) light 2) soft; gentle 3) easy 4) agile 5) dilute 6) slight 7) [Fig] simple-minded; frivolous
лельків/lelʹkiv	parents	lalë - 4) [Colloq] young father: daddy 5) elder brother; (paternal) uncle 6) term expressing respect and intimacy for someone. *Note the formal term for parents in Albanian is a Latin word.
лєльо/ljelʹo	uncle	lalë - father, older brother, brother in law, uncle
лемак/lemak	stupid, inept, dull, muddle-headed	lëmak/lumak - 1) sprout, leafbud 2 ) tender branch, sprig 3) [Fig] tall and thin person. *Hutsul word for mature tree branch is lym, lemak is likely referring to thick branch/hardwood, which is also used for blockhead, dull, dumb, and the equivalent of Albanian dru.
лим/lym	tree branches	lëmak/lumak - 1) sprout, leafbud 2 ) tender branch, sprig 3) [Fig] tall and thin person
ломаґа/lomaga, ломаджє/lomadžje	1) large branch 2) branches that create overgrowth in the forest	lumak - 1) sprout, leafbud 2 ) tender branch, sprig 3) [Fig] tall and thin person madh - 1) big; large; tall 2) great; grand 3) long (in time) 4) adult, mature, grown-up; elder. Overgrown branches can only be large, hence maga and madzje(plural) are related to Albanian madh and madhe.
лім/lim	folded branches in the forest	limer - 1) lair 2) [Old] hideout for outlaws
лендерево/lenderevo, лєрдерево/ljerderevo	larch or larch tree	lëndë - 2) timber, lumber 3) acorn. lëndëtar - 1) sawmill worker 2) [Old] wood merchant lëndishtë - timber forest
линдиджіти/lyndydžity	to be precise	lëndor - concrete; substantive; material; substantial
линдза/lyndza	reprimander, one who reproaches, reproachful person	lëndohet - 1) to get wounded/hurt 2) [Fig] to feel hurt lëndon - to wound [ ] by striking; bruise; hurt. lëndues - wounding; hurtful
клундати/klundaty	to walk awkwardly, slowly	lënduar - wounded. lëndimthi - slowly and carefully: painstakingly
лундигати/lundyhaty, ЛУНДИҐАТИ/LUNDYGATY	to walk slowly, to limp with legs – to walk very slowly, to move (from fatigue, illness, old age). Not maintaining evenness in walking	lënduar - wounded. lëndimthi - slowly and carefully: painstakingly
лєковишшє/ljekovyššje	freak, monster, monstrosity	lëkurëfishkur/lëkurëvyshkur - having wrinkled skin
ліновисько/linovysʹko, ліновишшє/linovyššje	dry viper skin	lënuret - to have parts of one's outer surface torn (off): suffer laceration lën vyshkur - left withered, shriveled up; faded; wrinkled, weakened; pale
лемсати/lemsaty	to go very fast	lë - to leave.
лишитиси/lyšytysy	to become a widow	lëshohet - 2) to get free/loose; separate (from one's spouse) lëshim - 3) [Old] divorce
лунавий/lunavyj	to have poor eyesight; not to notice	lënësi - 1) insanity 2) weakness (from illness or old age)
лунути/lunuty	to gush, to spout, to rush	lë/lën - 1) to leave 6) to let go: release linkthi - briskly, quickly; at a trot. Lingthi - 1) at a fast pace 2) in a rush/hurry, quickly. ling - quickly, in a hurry/rush; at a fast pace lëshe - burst of energy: rush
лунчина/lunčyna	something from last year: hay, lard, cheese	lëna - 1) leavings; leftovers, food scraps, garbage 2) debris left by ebbing water
глиней/hlynej	old man	lënësi - 2) weakness (from illness or old age)
либавка/lybavka	lean soup	libë - platter, plate
лихе/lyxe	epilepsy	lehtë - epilepsy
ліжник/ližnyk	home-woven wool blanket with pattern	lesh - 1) wool; hair (of an animal); (human) body hair 2) fleece 3) fuzz on plants or fruit; fuzz on insects or caterpillars 4) wooly fiber used as packing material or insulation leshnik - wool or goathair cloak with false sleeves
лізник/liznyk	willow	lesh - 1) wool; hair (of an animal); (human) body hair 2) fleece 3) fuzz on plants or fruit; fuzz on insects or caterpillars 4) wooly fiber used as packing material or insulation
пелешє/pelešje	long hair, with long hair	lesh - hair, wool.
опелюскатиси/opeljuskatysy	to attach, to cling, hold on	plesht - flea (attaches/clings to your hair) përleshë - tangle përleshet - to engage in heavy struggle: struggle, fight hard
упелюскатиси/upeljuskatysy	to get attached	plesht - flea (attaches/clings to your hair) përleshë - tangle
лоґойдина/logojdyna	spoiled meat	langaros - to soil [ ] by spattering. langarosur - soiled; spotted
лодирь/lodyrʹ	stationery eraser	lodër - toy, plaything
лой/loj, лойка/lojka, лойкуш/lojkuš, лойкушка/lojkuška	1) vipers(male) 2 ) vipers(female) 3) male viper 4) female viper	lojkë - tadpole (amphibians in their larval stage, look similar to snakes)
лопирда/lopyrda	weak horse	lodhur - 1) tired, fatigued, weary 2) bored, fed up
лопітливий/lopitlyvyj	a person who has bad pronunciation but talks a lot	llaptojkë - gossip, chatterbox llapat - chatterbox, talkative
лопотіти/lopotity	to talk nonsense	llaptojkë - gossip, chatterbox lap - to prattle on, chatter; talk irresponsibly: tattle, blab. llapan - very talkative person. llaptim - chatter. All derivatives of llapë - tongue(the organ).
ляпати/ljapaty	to gossip, to talk badly	llap - to prattle on, chatter; talk irresponsibly: tattle, blab. llapan - very talkative person. llapat - chatterbox, talkative
лоцувати/locuvaty	to eat in a hurry	lyç - in a muddle/mess
лупак/lupak	chip, cod(refering to fish scales)	luspë/luspak - 1) covering layer of cold-blooded animals: scale (of fish), scaly skin (of reptiles or amphibians), exoskeleton (of insects) 2) removable covering layer of a fruit or vegetable luspartë - golden-scaled
лупеї/lupeji, лупіхан/lupixan	1) a mischievous person, who is poorly or raggedly dressed. playful or mischievous. unprofitable person 2) A hangman is a person who hangs on a gallows , or someone who deserves to be hanged, a scoundrel. a mischievous person, a troublemaker, a troublemaker. urchin	lëpirës - 1) bootlicker, lickspittle lypës - beggar, bum
льорбавка/lʹorbavka	wooden vessel for a guslyanka, wooden bowl for husleanka (boiled milk cream)	llurbë - 1) slush; thick sludge 2) sediment at the bottom of a container, sludge 3) mash fed to animals 4) mushy, overcooked food
льорик/lʹoryk	insecure man, indecisive, unreliable	lyrikur - 1) lacking all dignity, shameless, base, disgusting 2) unappealing, dull, lacking flavor 3) That which has lost its luster, that which has lost its salt or sweetness; washed (for people).
люзона/ljuzona	mermaid, water nymph, siren	lozonjar - 1) playful (child) 2) kittenish (girl) 3) [Fig Pej] coquettish (woman) lotzonjë - (Bot) lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis) zonjë - ladylike, respectable

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Section L has the most density per pages, and boy does it deliver. Many of these cognates are quite decisive and tear any Illyrian argument to pieces. None-Albanian speakers might not understand how deep these pierce, even the definitions are often a 100% match. Albanian lundron was speculated to maybe be related to Latin word for boat. The Hutsul definition supports a native vocabulary, it meant to travel and was later corrupted to mean boat travel.
There is a perfect cognate to Albanian lëndor, from which the modern terminology lëndë is derived from, in education it is used to mean subject/courses (example mathmatics, economics, history, etc...).
In the Ukranian dictionary, the defition LUNDYGATY confirms my explanation months ago, the Ukranian team defined as to walk with a limp, a perfect match to Albanian lënduar.

There is I think seven words that are based on the root word lë(leave) that range from divorce/widow to leftovers. Absolute destruction.
I believe the second definition of liznyk is referring to the willow tree, which is quite woolly(lesh) looking:

And I have to mention ljuzona, there was was a euphoria some month ago that zoje is some alleged Illyrian goddess figure. It turns out it, the zoje is just plain mutiliation of a perfect Thracian word, zonje.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Liznyk is pronounced very similar to Albanian leshnik.

 

[Dausi]

Section L has the most density per pages, and boy does it deliver. Many of these cognates are quite decisive and tear any Illyrian argument to pieces. None-Albanian speakers might not understand how deep these pierce, even the definitions are often a 100% match. Albanian lundron was speculated to maybe be related to Latin word for boat. The Hutsul definition supports a native vocabulary, it meant to travel and was later corrupted to mean boat travel.
There is a perfect cognate to Albanian lëndor, from which the modern terminology lëndë is derived from, in education it is used to mean subject/courses (example mathmatics, economics, history, etc...).
In the Ukranian dictionary, the defition LUNDYGATY confirms my explanation months ago, the Ukranian team defined as to walk with a limp, a perfect match to Albanian lënduar.

There is I think seven words that are based on the root word lë(leave) that range from divorce/widow to leftovers. Absolute destruction.
I believe the second definition of liznyk is referring to the willow tree, which is quite woolly(lesh) looking:

And I have to mention ljuzona, there was was a euphoria some month ago that zoje is some alleged Illyrian goddess figure. It turns out it, the zoje is just plain mutiliation of a perfect Thracian word, zonje.

Interesting, but would it not be a Dacian word rater than a Thracian one?

 

[PaleoRevenge]

магнєтий/mahnjetyj	aggrieved, to distress, sadden, afflict	mahitar - mocker; jester mahit - 1) to make fun of [ ] 2) to cause to fester, inflame
магулити/mahulyty	to instigate	mahi - 1) principal rafter of a roof 2) joking, teasing; mockery; trick, joke 3) (of a wound) festering, inflammation, infection mahiset - 1) to fester, become inflamed 2) [Fig] to get worse: become exacerbated mahit - 1) to make fun of [ ] 2) to cause to fester, inflame
Маґура/Magura	mountain in the Măgura Verkhovyna	magulë - heap
миґла/mygla	pile, heap	magulë - heap
миґлаші/myglaši, мииґли/myygly	1) people who gather wood in piles 2) piles of sawn wooden logs	magulë - heap
май/maj	even more	më - more; some more, any more. From Proto-Albanian *məi̯es
май-май/maj-maj	many, much, very much, greatly	më - more; some more, any more. From Proto-Albanian *məi̯es
майжета/majžeta, майчєта/majčjeta	embroidered sleeve decoration on a shirt	majë - 1) tip; point 2) top; peak 3) (Text) warp yarn/thread
МАЙОРИТИ/MAJORYTY	pasture. To go to the mountain pasture in the evening to milk the cows, and in the morning to return to the village.	majë - 1) tip; point 2) top; peak
маймурка/majmurka	Jewish hat	maj murr/maj murrmë - dark/black top, likely referring to the black hats. majmur - 1) being fat/beefy, corpulence 2) [Fig Colloq] being filthy rich: affluence
МАЛЯВА/MALJAVA	A rounded mountain that resembles a hill.	mal - 1) mountain 2) [Colloq] mountainous region 3) [Old] small mountain district comprising a distinct ethnic unit 4) [Old] = pyll 5) [Fig Colloq] huge stack/pile/heap
манджяти/mandžjaty	to walk with rapid steps	mundohet - to go to great pains; try hard, strive
мендувати/menduvaty	to carry , to bring, to bring up to. to report, to convey	mund - 1) effort 2) to beat, overcome, defeat; resist, stand up to mundim - effort, pains, trouble, difficulty mendim - opinion, judgment
минда/mynda, миндувати/mynduvaty	1) a person who can report wrongdoing to a government agency 2) report	mendim - opinion, judgment mundësi - 3) [Old] authority, right
мантитиси/mantytysy, мантитси/mantytsy	1) to dream 2) to have visions, to have hallucinations	mend - mind. mendar - thinking, deep in thought
вимантити/vymantyty	to fool someone, to get something by trick or treat, by depection	vëmendje - mental focus/concentration, attention; special care, consideration
відтемедити/vidtemedyty	to bring back to one's senses, to come to one's senses	vëmendje - mental focus/concentration, attention; special care, consideration. vinte mendja?
МАНТАР/MANTAR	Deceiver, swindler	mend - brains, mind, intellect mendar - smart, intelligent mendjekeq - evil-minded
охлемендіти/oxlemendity	to get drunk	le mëndjen - leave your mind, out of it
перлямента/perljamenta	unnecessary fabrications, useless fabircations	maybe a construction of: pall + mendje - story/tale/fable from the mind (made up) pallmadhi - story, tale, fable shpall - to announce, to declare
маштеритиси/mašterytysy	to try, to attempt, to endeavour	mashtron - to deceive; cheat, defraud, swindle
maszteriatysy	beware, watch out for something	mashtron - to deceive; cheat, defraud, swindle
МЕШТЕРНИЦЯ/MEŠTERNYCJA	Bastard	mashtrues - deceiver; swindler, cheat
мелай/melaj, мелайньиник/melajnʹynyk	1) corn 2) cornbread	miell - 1) flour 2) finely ground product or by-product: powder, dust
мериндьи/meryndʹy	udder of a sheep, goat	mënd - to suckle; breast-feed, nurse. mëndinë - suckling animal mëndarak - 1) lamb or kid that nurses at the breast of a mother other than its own 2) baby raised by a wet nurse
миндзорити/mindzority	to suckle actively	mënd - to suckle; breast-feed, nurse.
митусь/mytusʹ	alongside, in different directions	midis - between, among
МИРНО/MYRNO	lexical component of the Hutsul etiquette greeting formula; all is well, calmly, happily. Example: Kazio entered the tavern. – How was your stay? – he shouted. – All is well! How are you, sir? – polite questions poured in from all sides.	mirë - 1) well 2) pleasantly 3) very much 4) [Iron] oh fine!
МИРУВАТИСЯ/MYRUVATYSJA	Greet each other when meeting, answering the traditional question “How are you?”	A hybrid word of Albanian mirë(good) and Slavic vitatysya(greeting) or entirely Albanoid mirëvajtje - smooth running, successful performance/progress .
емес/emes, емесно/emesno	1) good 2) very good	mirë - good. shumë mirë - very good
емесний/emesnyj	a very good man	i miri - the best
міціцько/micicʹko	a little	nje çikë - a little, little bit
МІШЄННИК/MIŠJENNYK, МІШАННИК/MIŠANNYK	farmer who grazes sheep in the mountains, in the sheepfold	mashën - 1) place in the mountains in which sheep or goats are kept: mountain sheepfold, mountain corral for goats 2) shed for keeping winter fodder, hayshed 3) herder's hut in winter pasture. mashnor - animal herder who accompanies the herd or flock to summer pasture in the mountains
мішіні/mišini, МІШІНЄ/MIŠINJE	a flock of sheep collected from different owners	mashën - 1) place in the mountains in which sheep or goats are kept: mountain sheepfold, mountain corral for goats 2) shed for keeping winter fodder, hayshed 3) herder's hut in winter pasture. mashnor - animal herder who accompanies the herd or flock to summer pasture in the mountains
моци/mocy	people who live far away in the mountains	moçkë - rough barren ground
мошка/moška	filth, disgusting, loathsome	meshkë - [Old] b!tch; whore
мошя/mošja	midwife	moshëm/moshar - 1) of age, adult, mature 2) aged
мушія/mušija	estate, land	musha - 1) [Old] land allowed to lie fallow for a specific time and to be used as commonland pasture 2) pastureland shared by a village
мрий/mryj	shiver	mbërdhi/mërdhin - to feel ice cold, suffer from the icy cold
мулец/mulec	cancer	moleps - to contaminate, pollute, infect
швидко/murgula	man with a gloomy face	murgullon - to get dark
муст/must	manure	mut - human excrement: shit, dirty

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Another section full of gems. Several words with the root word maj, the Hutsuls even refer going on top of mountains as majority, similar to Albanian expressions, ne maj te malit. Another gem is the mutation of Jewish yarmulke, to an Albanian slang word majmurka(black top).

How about a perfect cognate to Albanian mal? So sorry to the malsorries. Just as amazing, a cognate to Albanian mashtrues which Orel took a blind guess linking to Latin "maestro", the Hutsul match blows the assumption out of the water.

mënd, mashën, mirë, there is even mut.

Contradictions:
Albanien mend(mind) is considered to be Latin dervied. The Hutsul words with the root word mend, mant, and ment are clearly referring to mind or actions involving the mind as they all translate to trick/fool someone, come back to one senses, dreams, get drunk(a weakened concious), fabrications, and possibly reporting to authorities. The common root word must be referring to the mind. If this is Romanian borrowing why don;t the Hutusls know it's meaning? If they are mere borrowing of Romanian expressions, are there Romanian equivalents that match them? Or another option, did the free Dacians really borrow and repaced their own term from the Romans? Highly inprobabe. Words in these categories reopen some questions what did Albanian really borrow from Latin.

Maj(more) is considered a borrowing from Romanian mai, which is thought to be Latin derived(magis), or maybe it's the other way around, a native Dacian term borrowed by Romanian. Worth considering.

melaj is considered to be a borrowing from Romanian and the Romanian version in turn is considered to be possibly non-Latin, that would make melaj native to the Carpathians and the Romanian the borrowers. Again to repeat myself, this was never considered, linguists did not even bother to look for the evidence. Similar arguments can be made for Romanian mic, the other possibility is the Hutsuls borrowed it from Romanian and made the word longer, which is not how it normally goes.

So how is everyone doing? myrno? mir mir?

 

[Dausi]

Another section full of gems. Several words with the root word maj, the Hutsuls even refer going on top of mountains as majority, similar to Albanian expressions, ne maj te malit. Another gem is the mutation of Jewish yarmulke, to an Albanian slang word majmurka(black top).

How about a perfect cognate to Albanian mal? So sorry to the malsorries. Just as amazing, a cognate to Albanian mashtrues which Orel took a blind guess linking to Latin "maestro", the Hutsul match blows the assumption out of the water.

mënd, mashën, mirë, there is even mut.

Contradictions:
Albanien mend(mind) is considered to be Latin dervied. The Hutsul words with the root word mend, mant, and ment are clearly referring to mind or actions involving the mind as they all translate to trick/fool someone, come back to one senses, dreams, get drunk(a weakened concious), fabrications, and possibly reporting to authorities. The common root word must be referring to the mind. If this is Romanian borrowing why don;t the Hutusls know it's meaning? If they are mere borrowing of Romanian expressions, are there Romanian equivalents that match them? Or another option, did the free Dacians really borrow and repaced their own term from the Romans? Highly inprobabe. Words in these categories reopen some questions what did Albanian really borrow from Latin.

Maj(more) is considered a borrowing from Romanian mai, which is thought to be Latin derived(magis), or maybe it's the other way around, a native Dacian term borrowed by Romanian. Worth considering.

melaj is considered to be a borrowing from Romanian and the Romanian version in term is considered to be possibly non-Latin, that would make melaj native to the Carpathians and the Romanian the borrowers. Again to repeat myself, this was never considered, linguists did not even bother to look for the evidence. Similar arguments can be made for Romanian mic, the other opssibility is the Hutsuls borrowed it from Romanian and made the word longer, which is not how it normally goes.

So how is everyone doing? myrno? mir mir?

Man good job, keep them coming. You should seriously be on Twitter showing this to a wider audience. I would gladly give you a monthly donation if you were to open a Twitter and be active there.

You should open a "BuyMeACoffe".

 

[PaleoRevenge]

на виґлю/na vyglju, на віглі/na vihli, на видлю/na vydlju, НАВІДЛЮ/NAVIDLJU, НА ВИДЛЮ/NA VYDLJU	from myself, in one's own name, personally	nga vetja - from myself, in one's own name, personally
на чьисок/na čʹysok	quickly	qyshtash - right now, immediately
набилєти/nabyljety	to play a musical instrument poorly	bie - 10) to cause <>to vibrate; play
НАБИТІСЬКИЙ/NABYTISʹKYJ, НАБИТІСЬКО/NABYTISʹKO	Filled to the brim, full	mbytur - deeply, completely: up to the neck
надриг/nadryh, НАДРЕГНУТИ/NADREHNUTY	1) froze, it froze 2) To freeze very much, to freeze to death	ngrij - to freeze. ngriu - froze
намлі ока/namli oka, нампіока/nampioka	1)in the blink of an eye, in a moment, at the moment 2) at this moment	namëta - here you are! just then, right then: all of a sudden; at that moment, meanwhile oka - eye in Slavic.
напаратно/naparatno	crazy, fast	para - 1) ahead; forward 2) forward: in front përpara - 1) ahead; forward 2) earlier, before
НАПЕРТИСЯ/NAPERTYSJA	To try, to try. Example: "He threw the kurmey around his neck and tried to get up, but his legs wouldn't let him"	përtesë - laziness; sluggishness
насколи/naskoly	if, whether	nëse - if, whether
насторц/nastorc	in a hurry	nistar - initiatory, starting nisje - start, beginning; departure, outset
натутуритиси/natuturytysy	to get angry	tutarak - 1) sudden fear: scare 2) ire; burst of temper
нацапки/nacapky	on their backs/side, on the hind legs (in animals), on tiptoe (about people)	cep - 1) corner; angle 2) extreme end: edge, tip 3) out-of-the-way corner, unfrequented place 4) [Fig] border area 5) (Geom) external angle 6) (Geog) cape (of land)
недея/nedeja	mountains where forest spirits live	dejë - 1) area where snow has thawed 2) shallows in a river or stream
ненька/nenʹka, неня/nenja	mother	nënë - mother, grandmother.
нетля/netlja	night butterfly	natë - night
нешишник/nešyšnyk	poverty, poor, unfortunate people	shushull - 1) wood debris left by rushing mountain water 2) debris, trash, sweepings 3) [Fig Pej] dirty trash, dregs of society
заднєтиси/zadnjetysy, заднилоси/zadnylosy	to become cloudy	njollë - spot, smear, stain
ні аскри, ні шпента, ні пікочькє/ni askry, ni špenta, ni pikočʹkje	there is nothing, not at all	askurrgjë - nothing at all, nothing in the slightest askurrfare - no kind of, none of them, not even a little bit pikë - 1) drop (of liquid) 2) small amount: a little bit. askurrgjë, as një pik - nothing, not even a drop
піка/pika	short pointed board for the exterior cladding of a house	pikë - point, spot, dot, drop/froplet, a small amount, a little bit
дошпенту/došpentu	completely, entirely	shperr - to drain, wear out (energy) shperret - 1) to lose it all 2) [Fig] to become exhausted

 

[PaleoRevenge]

за/na is another intro verb that can mean many things, usually it means on, to, at , in, for, by, into, upon, from, etc.....

So for example nabytis'kyj which means full to the brim can be broken out as a compound of: na - to(in Slavic) and bytis'kyj - full, up-to the brim and related to Albanian mbytur and the equivalent of Albanian expression na mbyti - up to the brim, chocked out.

In turn na vydlju can be broken as follows: na - from(in Slavic) and vydlju - self, which is clearly not Slavic, but Albanoid. See Albanian vetja.

NAPERTYSJA means to try in Ukranian, but when on reads the actual example that a Hutsul writer(Marko Cheremosh) wrote about a century ago, he is using pertysja to describe someones legs giving out, not the emphasis on the attempt. If I am right, Marko is using pertysja in the meaning of Albanian përtoj which is unrelated to the Slavic version. The Ukranian authors would not catch this as they are not Alb speakers and the idea that Hutsuls can have a non-Slavic origin as a starting point has not entered their worldview.

The last example is impressive, ni in Slacic means no, so ni askry, ni pikockje are plain Albanian expressions semi Slavinized. Ni is redundent as the word as-kry contrains the Alb verb "as" which means without. Hutsul no longer being Dacian speakers are not aware askry on it's own means without, hence the redundent ni in it. Askry is without a doubt a shortened(deformed) version of askurrgjë or askurrfare.

These brief explanations were provided from myself, nga vetja.

 

[Dausi]

Albhistory was a twitter account that posted interesting stuff there but I would assume it is annoying for paleorevenge to deal with all the stupidity that goes in there tbf.

I know, I was donating to him monthly. It was such a bummer that he closed it down. The general public needs to know about this stuff, it should not only be available in niche forums only for a select few.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

обаблений/obablenyj	terrible, horrible	obobo - expresses great sorrow, suffering, or surprise: oh no!
обушити/obušyty	to injure dangerously, to beat a person dangerously	bushtron - to exasperate, rage
обфицькати/obfycʹkaty	to care superficially for the land, for the household, carelessly doing some work in the garden	fyçkë - having an empty kernel, with content of no value: hollow, empty
ого/oho	exclamation of disappointment	ohu - 1) expresses sarcastic indifference and lack of respect: who cares! 2) expresses reluctance to go further into a matter: well Hell! 3) expresses a feeling of being overwhelmed by the magnitude of what follows: oh boy! (said with a sigh) 4) emphasizes that some event is far in the past
ойга!/ojha!	exclamation of surprise	oho - 1) expresses newly discovered admiration or pleasure: aha! 2) teasingly expresses pretended admiration: oho!
омпувати/ompuvaty	to be dissatisfied	mposht - 1) to bring [ ] down: defeat, vanquish; top 2) to put down [: subdue, quash 3) to keep [ ] down: suppress mposhtet - 1) to yield, give up 2) to weaken, get very weak 3) to feel defeated, despair
зомпитисьи/zompytysʹy	to feel offended	mposhtet - 1) to yield, give up 2) to weaken, get very weak 3) to feel defeated, despair
НАЙПУСТІШИЙ/ NAJPUSTIŠYJ, НАЙПУЩИЙ/NAJPUŠČYJ, НАЙПУЩИЙ/NAJPUŠČYJ, НАЙПУСТІШИЙ/NAJPUSTIŠYJ	bad, worst.	poshtë - 1) low 2) below; lower; less; worse 3) down; downward poshtëm - lower, inferior poshtër - 1) vile; base, low, indecent 2) [Reg] lower, inferior
опалистий/opalystyj	person with uncontrollable emotions, hot-tempered	pall/pëllis/pëllas/pëllet - 1) to moo; bray, bellow 2) [Fig Vulg Teas Pej] to bellow (in an offensively loud voice)
опека/opeka	something too majestic, something too grand	pekul - 1) [Old] property leased for high rent or for a large share of the profits 2) personal property accumulated over time; personal property to which an individual (not other family members) has exclusive rights pekuli - 1) [Colloq] small present given to a child: treat 2) [Fig] pampering, indulgence pekulore - treasury
опелінок/opelinok	small child	pelenë - diaper; swaddling cloth; baby blanket. peleqis - to reduce [ ] to small pieces: mince pelë - mare
опришкувати/opryškuvaty	to live freely	prushit - to stir up [a fire] prushtë - burning; burning red, glowing; sparkling; fiery
опришок/opryšok, opreşok	national hero who does not submit to power, but lives according to customary law	prushit - to stir up [a fire] prushtë - burning; burning red, glowing; sparkling; fiery
опрук/opruk	witcher, sorcerer	prek - 1) to touch 2) [Fig] to touch on [ ] 3) to affect 4) to infect
оснаґія/osnagija, оснедія/osnedija	1) deformed person, hideous, an ugly person 2) ghost, monster	snaq - despicable
офукливий/ofuklyvyj	hostile	fikë - destruction, eradication; terrible misfortune fik - [Fig] to cause [ ] great harm, demolish, hurt [ ] badly
ошкреміткє/oškremitkje	remnants of clothing material, clothing scraps	shakmisur - torn up, shredded
затетеріти/zateterity	to stiffen, to freeze, curdle	trajtë - 1) form, shape, figure; appearance 2) (Ling) form; morph trajtësohet - to take on a particular form, take shape
оштрямкє/oštrjamkje	length of threads, pieces of thread, the remains of something eaten by a mouse	shtrajtim - 1) to transform, deform 2) transformation, deformation
патригая/patryhaja	old hollow spruce	patrajtë - amorphous - without a clearly defined shape or form.
ошшюнутиси/oššjunutysy	Restraint oneself in some part. In eating, or in conversation.	shun - to be silent/quiet, say nothing

 

[PaleoRevenge]

обаблений/obablenyj	terrible, horrible	obobo - expresses great sorrow, suffering, or surprise: oh no!
обушити/obušyty	to injure dangerously, to beat a person dangerously	bushtron - to exasperate, rage
обфицькати/obfycʹkaty	to care superficially for the land, for the household, carelessly doing some work in the garden	fyçkë - having an empty kernel, with content of no value: hollow, empty
ого/oho	exclamation of disappointment	ohu - 1) expresses sarcastic indifference and lack of respect: who cares! 2) expresses reluctance to go further into a matter: well Hell! 3) expresses a feeling of being overwhelmed by the magnitude of what follows: oh boy! (said with a sigh) 4) emphasizes that some event is far in the past
ойга!/ojha!	exclamation of surprise	oho - 1) expresses newly discovered admiration or pleasure: aha! 2) teasingly expresses pretended admiration: oho!
омпувати/ompuvaty	to be dissatisfied	mposht - 1) to bring [ ] down: defeat, vanquish; top 2) to put down [: subdue, quash 3) to keep [ ] down: suppress mposhtet - 1) to yield, give up 2) to weaken, get very weak 3) to feel defeated, despair
зомпитисьи/zompytysʹy	to feel offended	mposhtet - 1) to yield, give up 2) to weaken, get very weak 3) to feel defeated, despair
НАЙПУСТІШИЙ/ NAJPUSTIŠYJ, НАЙПУЩИЙ/NAJPUŠČYJ, НАЙПУЩИЙ/NAJPUŠČYJ, НАЙПУСТІШИЙ/NAJPUSTIŠYJ	bad, worst.	poshtë - 1) low 2) below; lower; less; worse 3) down; downward poshtëm - lower, inferior poshtër - 1) vile; base, low, indecent 2) [Reg] lower, inferior
опалистий/opalystyj	person with uncontrollable emotions, hot-tempered	pall/pëllis/pëllas/pëllet - 1) to moo; bray, bellow 2) [Fig Vulg Teas Pej] to bellow (in an offensively loud voice)
опека/opeka	something too majestic, something too grand	pekul - 1) [Old] property leased for high rent or for a large share of the profits 2) personal property accumulated over time; personal property to which an individual (not other family members) has exclusive rights pekuli - 1) [Colloq] small present given to a child: treat 2) [Fig] pampering, indulgence pekulore - treasury
опелінок/opelinok	small child	pelenë - diaper; swaddling cloth; baby blanket. peleqis - to reduce [ ] to small pieces: mince pelë - mare
опришкувати/opryškuvaty	to live freely	prushit - to stir up [a fire] prushtë - burning; burning red, glowing; sparkling; fiery
опришок/opryšok, opreşok	national hero who does not submit to power, but lives according to customary law	prushit - to stir up [a fire] prushtë - burning; burning red, glowing; sparkling; fiery
опрук/opruk	witcher, sorcerer	prek - 1) to touch 2) [Fig] to touch on [ ] 3) to affect 4) to infect
оснаґія/osnagija, оснедія/osnedija	1) deformed person, hideous, an ugly person 2) ghost, monster	snaq - despicable
офукливий/ofuklyvyj	hostile	fikë - destruction, eradication; terrible misfortune fik - [Fig] to cause [ ] great harm, demolish, hurt [ ] badly
ошкреміткє/oškremitkje	remnants of clothing material, clothing scraps	shakmisur - torn up, shredded
затетеріти/zateterity	to stiffen, to freeze, curdle	trajtë - 1) form, shape, figure; appearance 2) (Ling) form; morph trajtësohet - to take on a particular form, take shape
оштрямкє/oštrjamkje	length of threads, pieces of thread, the remains of something eaten by a mouse	shtrajtim - 1) to transform, deform 2) transformation, deformation
патригая/patryhaja	old hollow spruce	patrajtë - amorphous - without a clearly defined shape or form.
ошшюнутиси/oššjunutysy	Restraint oneself in some part. In eating, or in conversation.	shun - to be silent/quiet, say nothing

 

[PaleoRevenge]

o is another intro verb that is used in Slavic, it means at, about, of, on, for.

oššjunutysy can be broken as follows o-ššjunu-tysy: o - about, and Albanoid shun - to be silent, and tysy is a Ukranian suffix.
obfycʹkaty can be broken as follows: ob-fycka-ty. Ob being Slavic that means about and ty is a Ukranian suffix. The main kernel of the definition being centered on the word fycka that that can't be Slavic and matches Albanian definition.

Ukranian linguists try to link NAJPUSTIŠYJ/NAJPUŠČYJ to Ukranian pusty - emty, vain, idle, shallow, but the two Hutusl examples they quote reveals an Albanoid oirigin: "[Vekla:] And now it happened that even the most najpušča girl does not want to marry him, because she is afraid(Yu. Fed'kovich. How goats' horns are straightened,438); The belt was worn the most najpustišyj, such,as ces (G. Khotkevych. According to Yurishtan, 487)."
In both examples, the defintion matches Albanian, example one referring to inferior quality(inferior female) and one refering to the belt being wore low(assuming relative to the waist).

opryšok is a word that has entered Ukranian because it the Hutusl word for their rebellions against Polish nobility which correspond to the same time frame the Cossacks(Ukranians) fought against Polish rule and explotation. The Ukranian linguists have no answer to the etymology, in one variant of the word they define o-pryshk-uvatyy as "hot-tempered, unbridled". This has close affinity to the definition of Albanian prush.
Albanian trajtë is speculated to be relate to Latin tractus, however it's definition being much closer to Hutsul za-teteri-ty, o-štrjamkje, and pa-tryhaja, than any modern Latin derivative tractus, raises questions. The Hutsul word patryhaja contains a action verb, pa, that's not Slavic, and has to be related to Albanian pa - witout. So pa-tryhaja = without form/appearance, or not proper form or appearance, hence hallow.

Brief explanations provided by me, na vidlju/nga vetja.

 

[Scythian]

Jumping in here because I think the discussion is stuck in the wrong frame: whether Hutsuls “borrowed” words from Albanians or vice versa. That’s not the real question — and frankly, it’s limiting the scope of what could be a serious interdisciplinary investigation.

What if the lexical similarities between Hutsul and Albanian don’t reflect borrowing at all, but instead point to a shared Iron Age substrate — one shaped by steppe-descended elites like the Cimmerians, Scythians, and Sarmatians?

Here’s what we actually can say based on DNA, archaeology, and compressed historical models:


Genetic continuity across the Balkans and Carpathians is real


I have autosomal matches (segment-level) to ancient individuals covering a full lineage arc, in order:

• PG2004 (Eneolithic Steppe, ~4200 BCE) – base R1b-V1636 lineage
• I7848 (Yamnaya, Moldova, ~2800 BCE) – foundational steppe aristocracy
• ZIM001 (Middle Bronze Age Russia, ~1700 BCE) – Srubnaya/Poltavka mix
• UKR014 (Scythian, Mamay-Gora, 350 BCE)
• CGG021476 (Crimean Scythian woman, 325 BCE, mtDNA U7b)
• tem003 (Sarmatian-Hun, Bashkortostan, ~220 AD)
• PTL003, PTL002 (Hun-period elite, Carpathian Basin, 450 AD)
• RKC014, RKC032, RKC043 (Avar elite women and warriors, ~650 AD)
• KBS21, KBS18 (Carolingian border elite, 850 AD)
• SE-23 (Hungarian Conqueror elite, 950 AD)
• HUAS81 (Aba dynasty, 1000–1300 AD)
• Báthory PER08 (late medieval Transylvanian elite)

These aren’t just shared percentages — they’re specific IBD segments across Chromosomes 1–22, some exceeding 20+ cM.


On the paternal side: a Caucasus–Balkan vector

My Y-DNA is J2b2a1a1a (CTS5368) — concentrated in Albania, Montenegro, and the Caucasus. This ties directly to:

• Ancient Caucasian Albanian and Balkan highland lineages
• The same zones that later produced Illyrian, Byzantine, and Avar-integrated elites
• Likely patriarchal descent from tribal confederacies that never broke across the Slavicization period

So this isn’t about “Albanians influencing Hutsuls” or vice versa — it’s about two linguistic outcomes of the same cultural and genetic substrate, filtered differently through Slavic and Balkan phonology.


Compressed time, not clean ethnolinguistic breaks


We need to stop pretending there’s a clean split between:

• Scythians (~700 BCE)
• Sarmatians (200 BCE–300 CE)
• Early Slavs (500–800 CE)
• Albanians (1100 CE+)

The DNA doesn’t support this. Neither does the archaeology. These were overlapping, evolving populations with continued dominance across regions now divided by modern languages.


Reframing the hypothesis


The more productive model is:

Albanian and Carpathian dialects preserve parallel fragments of a shared Daco-Thracian–Scytho-Sarmatian substrate — shaped by steppe migrations, preserved by mountain and frontier populations, and resurfacing as lexical overlap.

This includes both linguistic features (honor, speech, social roles) and genetic continuity through maternal and paternal lines. It’s not borrowing — it’s co-inheritance from the same Iron Age layer.

Happy to share segment data or dive deeper into the ancient genomes. But I really encourage people here to get out of the “loanword” box. That’s a Romanized view of history — not what the genetics or archaeology actually show.

 

[Dausi]

Jumping in here because I think the discussion is stuck in the wrong frame: whether Hutsuls “borrowed” words from Albanians or vice versa. That’s not the real question — and frankly, it’s limiting the scope of what could be a serious interdisciplinary investigation.

What if the lexical similarities between Hutsul and Albanian don’t reflect borrowing at all, but instead point to a shared Iron Age substrate — one shaped by steppe-descended elites like the Cimmerians, Scythians, and Sarmatians?

Here’s what we actually can say based on DNA, archaeology, and compressed historical models:


Genetic continuity across the Balkans and Carpathians is real


I have autosomal matches (segment-level) to ancient individuals covering a full lineage arc, in order:

• PG2004 (Eneolithic Steppe, ~4200 BCE) – base R1b-V1636 lineage
• I7848 (Yamnaya, Moldova, ~2800 BCE) – foundational steppe aristocracy
• ZIM001 (Middle Bronze Age Russia, ~1700 BCE) – Srubnaya/Poltavka mix
• UKR014 (Scythian, Mamay-Gora, 350 BCE)
• CGG021476 (Crimean Scythian woman, 325 BCE, mtDNA U7b)
• tem003 (Sarmatian-Hun, Bashkortostan, ~220 AD)
• PTL003, PTL002 (Hun-period elite, Carpathian Basin, 450 AD)
• RKC014, RKC032, RKC043 (Avar elite women and warriors, ~650 AD)
• KBS21, KBS18 (Carolingian border elite, 850 AD)
• SE-23 (Hungarian Conqueror elite, 950 AD)
• HUAS81 (Aba dynasty, 1000–1300 AD)
• Báthory PER08 (late medieval Transylvanian elite)

These aren’t just shared percentages — they’re specific IBD segments across Chromosomes 1–22, some exceeding 20+ cM.


On the paternal side: a Caucasus–Balkan vector

My Y-DNA is J2b2a1a1a (CTS5368) — concentrated in Albania, Montenegro, and the Caucasus. This ties directly to:

• Ancient Caucasian Albanian and Balkan highland lineages
• The same zones that later produced Illyrian, Byzantine, and Avar-integrated elites
• Likely patriarchal descent from tribal confederacies that never broke across the Slavicization period

So this isn’t about “Albanians influencing Hutsuls” or vice versa — it’s about two linguistic outcomes of the same cultural and genetic substrate, filtered differently through Slavic and Balkan phonology.


Compressed time, not clean ethnolinguistic breaks


We need to stop pretending there’s a clean split between:

• Scythians (~700 BCE)
• Sarmatians (200 BCE–300 CE)
• Early Slavs (500–800 CE)
• Albanians (1100 CE+)

The DNA doesn’t support this. Neither does the archaeology. These were overlapping, evolving populations with continued dominance across regions now divided by modern languages.


Reframing the hypothesis


The more productive model is:

Albanian and Carpathian dialects preserve parallel fragments of a shared Daco-Thracian–Scytho-Sarmatian substrate — shaped by steppe migrations, preserved by mountain and frontier populations, and resurfacing as lexical overlap.

This includes both linguistic features (honor, speech, social roles) and genetic continuity through maternal and paternal lines. It’s not borrowing — it’s co-inheritance from the same Iron Age layer.

Happy to share segment data or dive deeper into the ancient genomes. But I really encourage people here to get out of the “loanword” box. That’s a Romanized view of history — not what the genetics or archaeology actually show.

Looks like you used chatgpt, it's interesting nonetheless. Do you think albanian has a significant amount of Scythian/Cimmerian influence? I've been wondering the same thing for a while now.

 

[Scythian]

Looks like you used chatgpt, it's interesting nonetheless. Do you think albanian has a significant amount of Scythian/Cimmerian influence? I've been wondering the same thing for a while now.

I’ve been investigating the same idea using ChatGPT to help analyze large-scale datasets—segment-level DNA, haplogroup distributions, and linguistic strata—and what I’ve found points to a compelling answer.

But to understand it, we have to go further back than the Scythians. This story really begins with the Yamnaya expansion.

Between about 3300 and 2600 BCE, the Yamnaya culture spread westward from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe, carrying with it:

• Proto-Indo-European (PIE) languages
• Horse-based mobility and chariot warfare
• Kurgan burial systems and patrilineal clan structures

This expansion reshaped much of Europe, genetically and linguistically. It introduced the foundational Indo-European rootstock into the Balkans, which would later evolve into languages like Illyrian, Thracian—and ultimately, Albanian.

More importantly, Yamnaya-descended populations (like Srubnaya and Andronovo) gave rise to the Indo-Iranic linguistic branch, from which Scythian and Sarmatian dialects emerged.

So when Scythians and Sarmatians later re-enter the Balkans, they’re not strangers. They’re returning cousins—carrying evolved Iranic dialects and elite steppe traditions to an already Indo-Europeanized region.

From around 800 BCE to 500 CE, Scythians, Sarmatians, and later Alans migrated or were settled into the Balkans by Rome and Byzantium. They are historically recorded across:

• Illyricum
• Dardania
• Macedonia

These groups often served as cavalry aristocracies, and they brought with them a second wave of steppe cultural traits, including Iranic linguistic elements and clan-based social structures.

This contact zone—northern Albania, Montenegro, western Macedonia—became a place where earlier Indo-European populations and later Iranic elites fused, especially in mountainous, semi-independent regions.

Albanian is Indo-European, but unlike Latin or Slavic languages, it has a number of terms and mythological structures that don’t align well with local roots—and do align surprisingly well with Iranic steppe traditions.

Some examples:

• burrë (man, warrior)
  Etymologically linked to PIE bher- (to bear arms), but matches Iranic baur or bura—a term for hero or brave man. Central to steppe identity.
• kalë (horse)
  No clear Latin, Slavic, or Greek root. Given the role of the horse in Albanian myth, its sacred associations match steppe (especially Iranic) equestrian culture.
• dragua (dragon/hero)
  Related to Iranic drauga, a complex mythological figure (sometimes demonic, sometimes heroic). In Albanian, dragua is a protective, heroic force—mirroring mythic reinterpretations among Alans and Sarmatians.
• vajzë (maiden/girl)
  Possibly linked to Iranic vazata- (speaker, prophetess). In Albanian epics, maidens often play the role of seers or boundary-defenders, echoing Amazonian myths recorded among the Scythians.
• Kreshnikë epics
  These oral traditions—featuring heroic brothers, magical horses, blood vengeance, and tribal honor codes—share striking structural similarities with the Nart sagas of the Ossetians, who descend from the Alans, an Iranic-speaking steppe people.

These are not superficial borrowings. They reflect deep intercultural contact, likely among ruling clans.

My own Y-DNA haplogroup is J2b2a1a1a (CTS5368), which likely emerged in the western steppe or Balkan–Pontic fusion zone during or shortly after the Yamnaya era.

Two major migratory paths are evident:

• Eastward into Caucasus Albania (modern Azerbaijan and Dagestan), via Sarmatian–Alan movements between 300 and 800 CE.
• Westward into the Balkans, especially:
  • Northern Albania (Hoti, Kelmendi, Shkreli)
  • Montenegro (Vasojevići, Piperi)
  • Western and Central Macedonia (Tetovo, Debar, Kičevo region)

These regions have the highest global concentrations of J2b2a today. They also correspond with zones of ancient steppe settlement and preserved tribal endogamy—suggesting that elite steppe male lineages became embedded in highland Balkan populations and persisted.

The influence of Scythians and Cimmerians on Albanian is not an isolated episode—it’s a layer in a long continuum of steppe contact:

1. Yamnaya expansion brought Indo-European languages and steppe male ancestry into the Balkans.
2. Indo-Iranic evolution on the steppe developed new dialects and warrior cultures.
3. Scythians, Sarmatians, and Alans reintroduced these steppe traits into the western Balkans between 800 BCE and 500 CE.
4. Albanian preserved some of this Iranic influence—linguistically, culturally, and genetically—especially in regions where steppe-derived clans remained isolated and cohesive.

This framework explains:

• Why Albanian has Iranic-like terms, despite being an Indo-European isolate.
• Why northern Albanian, Montenegrin, and Macedonian tribes show genetic continuity with steppe lineages.
• Why certain cultural features—like tribalism, vengeance law, and horse hero epics—echo Iranic and steppe patterns.

In short, Albanian’s steppe imprint is not accidental, and it’s not just myth or speculation. It’s a remnant of multiple, traceable layers of Yamnaya-derived Indo-European expansion, followed by Scythian and Sarmatian elite contact, both of which have left behind identifiable signatures in language, DNA, and culture.

 

[Fshatar]

@Scythian Hello, paternal cousin! AI of any sort is not really helpful in genetics and can more often than not be misleading.

I should warn you that his thread is pure pseudoscience and mostly got to do with E1b haplotardism, claiming it brought the Albanian language (a clearly Yamnaya>Illyric language). Private messages don't work for me and are buggy on this website so maybe you'd want to connect over on genarchivist.net? Are you Hungarian by chance?