Albanian substrate in Slavic Carpathia

[PaleoRevenge]

Talk to me when you’ve:

Who is Japode? And why do I need to talk to him.

This is the posture of the pseudoscientific narcissist. It is epistemically dishonest, rhetorically manipulative, and fundamentally anti-scholarly.

That's a mouthful, sounds like yourself. Now take a hike.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

габа/haba, габи/haby	waves, ripple	abë - frieze, a kind of coarse woollen cloth or stuff with a shaggy or tufted (friezed) nap on one side. *Hutsul word likely stems from Dacian apa/aba - water
габов/habov	1) Used as an order/command to loggers meaning a demand to stop cutting down felled trees. 2) Be careful. Wait.	hapu - a command to move out of the way, clear out of the way. hap - to open; open up/out If the tree is falling, the meaning clearly cannot have originally meant to stop, but to get out/bail out of there.
опшири/opshiry	space, terrain” (width), a geographic/toponym term	hapësirë - 1) space 2) expanse; interior (space). *the word is used for geography and home space
гайналі/hajnali	inhabitants of the plain territories of Transcarpathia	anasi - resident, indigenous resident. anash - alongside, beside; to the side, sidelong, sideways
гана/hana	small disadvantage, small flaw	anë - 1) side 2) edge 3) region, portion 4) direction 5) aspect, phase; facet, face 6) point of view 7) partiality, favoritism 8) side (of the family), family line 9) means. Example: tja gjesh anën - to find the side/weak spot anës - 1) at the side, on the side, alongside 2) indirectly, in a roundabout way
гайта/hajta	to the right (command for the horse)	djathtas - rightwards, on the right, to the right
галапала/halapala	somehow, anyhow, somewhat	hap - step, stride. hap pas hapi - 1) step by step, one step at a time 2) at one's heels; doggedly; without interruption. Hapadollapa - to play blind man's buff
галасвіта/halasvita	Where are your steps taking you?	hap - step, stride. vete - 1) to go; proceed 2) to reach a level/point: arrive (at a destination); get (to an outcome); last (for a period of time)
галпшугі/halpšuhi	shoes	hap - step, stride
гаптикаш/haptykaš	sick with tuberculosis, tuberculosis patient	oftikë - tuberculosis. oftikoset - become phthisic/consumptive, contract tuberculosis
ге/he	I didn't hear you, please repeat that again. What did you say? Repeat, please!	hë - 1) encourages action: go on! let's go! move it! 2) precedes and reinforces an expression of emotion: well now! hey! hë - 1) asks for an answer or confirmation: hunh? well? 2) asks for confirmation after a negative expression: right?
гелембізня/helembiznja	anxiety, restlessness, agitation	lemzë - hiccough, hiccup
гіцкувати/hickuvaty	to forcibly sell property	heq - 1) to pick up and take away [5) to separate [ ] from the main part: pull [ ] out, extract; cut [ ] off, cut [ ] out; pull [ ] off, pick [fruit] 6) to remove: take away [ ] from <>; take off [a covering]; wipe [ ] out, extirpate; subtract [a number]; expurgate [a book hiqet - 7) [Fig] to avoid <>; get rid of <>
година/hodyna	heavy rains	hedh - 1) to throw; cast; heave, hurl, fling; toss 4) to pour; spray
гождина/hoždyna	mountain top	hedhur - 4) high 5) extending forward: thrust forward; extending upward: elevated, raised
гечилувати/hečyluvaty	to entertain, to feast, to treat, to pour	çelur - one who is smiling and happy, who is always smiling and approachable; on the contrary. gloomy.
гикати/hykaty	to boil, to flow rapidly	hiken/ikën - 1) to leave, depart, go away, go 2) to flee, run away 3) to vanish, disappear; come to an end, come to one's end, die 4) to elapse, pass, pass by 5) to flow, pour 6) to go alop: become lopsided 7) to be spent too fast: be wasted
гирічне/hyrične, гирічний/hyričnyj	1) well-chosen outfit 2) richly dressed, nicely dressed	hir - 1) kindness, favor; sake 2) will, willingness, good will; desire; love 3) good looks, beauty: grace, charm 4) (Relig) heavenly grace hirësi - good looks, beauty, grace hirshëm - very good looking; very pleasant, amiable
гиціль/hycilʹ	harmful person, prankster, tricksy	yçkël - trick, 1) false reason given for avoiding/hindering an action/activity; hindrance 2) weakness, failing, fault 3) subtle detail, intricacy, fine point
гиціль/hycilʹ	dog catcher	yçkël - catch.
гирічний/hyškje	In cattle, the part of the legs from the knees to the bottom	skaj - 1) edge; hem, rim, margin, border; limit, end 2) corner 3) place furthest from the center: extremity; outer limit
гишькатиси/hyšʹkatysy	play, frolic	shkathet - to become more energetic/alert; brighten up
глеміздати/hlemizdaty, глеміздично/hlemizdyčno	1) to finish something by hand with incompetence, or with exhaustion due to ill health. 2) sloppy, unpunctual; careless	lëmsh - disorderly mess
глий/hlyj	plastic clay, which is often used as lime for whitewashing	lyej - to paint, to varnish, to whitewash laj - wash
гнилєк/hnyljek, гнилош/hnyloš	lazy, sluggard, idler, bummer	ngalet - 1) to shuffle along slowly; barely move 2) [Fig] to be behind in one's work. ngalës - person who shuffles along slowly: shuffler
говгер/hovher, говирля/hovyrlja	huge, solid, giant, big guy	hov/hovje - 3) [Fig] to grow or develop suddenly: surge
гондурати/honduraty	to refuse	hundëderr - 1) pig-nosed 2) stubborn
гунцвот/huntsvot	liar	hunde - nose. hundaç - haughty, arrogant, conceited

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Opshire has a plausible Slavic explanation, it can only be Daco-Thracian if as a toponym it is restricted to the Carpathian region. If it's use as toponym is present outside of Carpathia, than it is a clear pan-Slavic toponym.

Fascinating is the word hala, which in second definition reveals its meaning = step, and in the third example it means shoe, the archaic version kept the p while it was dropped in the previous two examples.


haptykaš is another fascinating one, just like bjeshke and some other words it has no traceable etymology but it is clearly related to Albanian oftike.

hyrične and hyričnyj are truly a beauty. hycilʹ is another impressive catch. hlyj is a fine paint job. And honduraty takes the cake, even if it he does not want it.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

гардегати/hardehaty	1) quarrel, altercate, to argue 2) to shout loudly	gërthet - 1) to yell, shout 2) to scream 3) (of certain animals) to call loudly: screech, shriek, bellow
згардегати/zhardehaty, ЗГАРДЕҐАТИ/ZHARDEGATY	to scream, to shout	gërthet - 1) to yell, shout 2) to scream 3) (of certain animals) to call loudly: screech, shriek, bellow
гиґа/hyga	high, inaccessible peak	gungë - hump, hunchback, small hill
гиґа/hyga	hump on the back of a bull/ox	gungë - hump, hunchback, small hill
гавора/havora	abyss	guvë - hollow, grotto, cave avore - vapor coming out of the ground
гавра/havra	cave	guvë - hollow, grotto, cave avore - vapor coming out of the ground
ґавора/gavora, ҐАВРА/GAVRA	cave, cavern, A large pit of natural or artificial origin; a crater, a den	guvë - hollow, grotto, cave zgavërt - 1) hollow 2) sunken
габучьити/habučʹyty	compromise, shame	gabohet - 1) to be mistaken, make a mistake, err 2) to do something wrong; fall into error
ҐАБЗУВАТИ/GABZUVATY	To slander. To criticize. To quarrel.	kallëzoj/kallxoj - to tell stories, to slander
ґалицьи/galycʹy, ґала/gala	1) snakes 2) viper	ngjalë - eel
ґара/gara	hollow, recess, special groove in wood	garroqe - 1) hollow place: cave, hole in a tree trunk, pit, hole in the ground 2) hollowed out block of wood used to hold salt and spoons 3) shell of a tortoise or snail garre - ditch; ravine garran - gorge, abyss
ґарувати/garuvaty	to make a special groove in wood	gërryen - 1) to eat away at [a surface] gradually 2) to nibble at [ ], gnaw at [ ]; scrape, grate 3) to erode 4) (Chem) to corrode, eat into garroqe - 1) hollow place: cave, hole in a tree trunk, pit, hole in the ground 2) hollowed out block of wood used to hold salt and spoons 3) shell of a tortoise or snail garre - ditch; ravine
ґарчік/garčik	cup	garraç - pot/jug with a broken neck; flowerpot; potsherd
ґерепів/gerepiv	deep depression under the waterfall	gërryer - having hollows formed by gradual eating away: eroded, corroded, pitted, scooped out grabë - erosion, hollowing out gërranë - 1) place (eroded by water) 2) rushing stream (which quickly erodes its own streambed) 3) river-bed material (silt, pebbles etc)
gropa	basin, ravine	gropë/gropa - 1) hole in the ground: pit, pothole 2) burial hole: grave 3) hollow; cavity; body cavity; dimple 4) (Geog) basin of land surrounded by hills or mountains
ґєрланка/gjerlanka	throat, neck	grykë - 1) front part of the neck: throat 2) narrow opening at or near one end of a cavity space: neck, bottle neck 3) muzzle of a gun; barrel of a gun
ґирлига/gyrlyha	shepherd's crook	gërlatet - to bend, bow, sag
ґівка/givka, ґівчіниші/givčinyši	1) girl 2) teenage girl	gocë - teenage girl, lass
ґіма/gima	rumor, hearsay	gumçi - joke, farce; nonsense
ґлек/glek , ґлєґ/gljeg, ґлєджети/gljedžety, ґлєджіти/gljedžity	1) rennet element, whey in cheese making 2) to make cheese using yeast 3) cheese making process	gjizar - maker of cheese curds; dairy assistant
ґлемей/glemej, ґлемениця/glemenycja, ґлимей/glymej	1) inaccessible rocky places in forests 2) inaccessible places of the mountains in the rocks 3) inaccessible, precipitous place	gjam - rocky and treeless patch of land at water's edge: rocky coast/shore/bank
ґлигати/glyhaty	to beat, to strike	gjuhet - to hit/strike one another
джюгати/džjuhaty	gibe(an insulting or mocking remark; a taunt), to *****	gjuhet me fjalë - to taunt one another gjuhë - tongue, language
ґлифа/glyfa	mountain above Cheremosh in Verkhovyna	gllofët - concave, hollow gllofkë - 1) large cave: cavern 2) hollow, hole 3) window bay
ґлідувати/gliduvaty	range, row, to arrange	zgjedh - 1) to select, choose; elect 2) [Colloq] to figure out [ ], solve gjedhim - (Spec) adjustment or graduation of a measuring device by comparison to a precise standard: calibration
ґлянц/gljanc	reflection, thought	gjen - 1) to find 2) to find [ ] (in a particular condition); deem, judge, consider 3) to encounter, come upon [ ], run into [ ] 4) to discover; find out [ ]; manage to find
джєґа/džjega	replanting, transplant	gjallis/ngjall - 1) to bring [ ] back to life: revive ; resurrect 2) [Colloq] to heal, cure
джюр/džjur	liquid dish. tasty, watery food	gjër - soup gjellë - dish, usually liquid
джємори/džjemory, джемора/dzhemora, джимора/džymora	thickets, coppice	gjemb - 1) thorn; barb; sharp spine; prickle, bristle; splinter 2) bramble, bramblebush 3) person who sticks to you and is a nuisance: pest gjembishte - brier patch, bramble thicket gjëmushkë - thicket
Дземброня/Dzembronya	Toponym/settlement in Hutsul territory in Ivano-Frankisvk district, notice that the toponym has kept the b that has been dropped in the actual term used by Hutsuls, see prior example above.	gjemb - 1) thorn; barb; sharp spine; prickle, bristle; splinter 2) bramble, bramblebush 3) person who sticks to you and is a nuisance: pest gjembishte - brier patch, bramble thicket gjëmushkë - thicket
джєнті/džjenti, джєньґе/džjenʹge	1) uncombed hair 2) hair	gjemb - 2) bramble, bramblebush
джєружина/džjeružyna	rug, carpet, small blanket, wool blanket, woolen cape	gjerazi - expansively, broadly, at length gjeras - breadthways, breadthwise, across gjerë - wide; broad. gjerësi - width, breadth
джюс/džjus	not too big a pig	gjysë - half, partly, partially; halfway
ґнирати/gnyraty	fumble, rummage, to wander around looking for something; to rummage	ngatërri - disorderly confusion. ngatërroj - 1) to tangle, entangle 2) to complicate, confuse 3) to jumble, scramble, garble
ґовдуш/govduš	suspicious/dubious beggar	dyshues - 1) having doubts, doubting: distrustful, dubious 2) having suspicions, suspecting: suspicious
ґовиріти/govyrity	to be sick for a long time	kordh/ngordh - 1) (said of animals) to die 2) [Colloq] to die like an animal: croak, kick off 3) [Fig Colloq] to die trying, wear oneself out doing, become exhausted in the process; suffer
ґоїти/gojity	to do something bad	gojaç - person who talks a lot; person who speaks ill of others, slanderer: bigmouth
ҐЯМБА/GJAMBA	mouth	gojë - mouth.
ҐЯМБАТА/GJAMBATA	quarrelsome. tongue-tied.	gojë - mouth. gojëmbajtur - having a speech impediment: stammering. gojëmbyllur - close-mouthed, with mouth shut, silent
ґямбатий/gjambatyj	a person with a large mouth	gojë - mouth. In Gheg gjojë. gojëmadh - large-mouthed, loud-mouth. This Hutsul version might be a corruption of the original and subsittuted with a similar word of difference connetation such as: gojëmbajtur - having a speech impediment: stammering.
ДЯМБА/DJAMBA ГЕМБА/HEMBA	to keep a dyamba(mouth) locked up – rough. to shut up, to stop talking	gojëmbyllur - close-mouthed, with mouth shut, silent
зґоя/zgoja	Woodpecker (Dendrocopos)	zhgojon - to take [ ] apart by exerting pressure. gojon - 1) (Constr) to butt [pieces of lumber] together 2) to rout [a piece of lumber] gjon - scops owl
мирґоля/myrgolja	a person who does not use precise words during a conversation, a person who speaks slurredly	merret goja - suttering words, to not be able to speak coherently
миркотіти/myrkotity	to speak hoarsely, loudmouthed	kotet - to rave, speak deliriously. merr kot - to rave, as if the speaker themself does not what they're saying, in a possesed manner. To behave akwardly.
БУМКОТІТИ/BUMKOTITY	Chatter, grumble discontentedly under your breath	bën kot - for nothing, to no purpose, throwing a comotion for no reason
ґонґати/gongaty	babble	grungut - to coo, croon
ґраца/graca, ґрацати/gracaty	mattock, dig, till	germoj/gërmih - 1) to dig 2) to dig around; dig deep grimcoj - to crumble, shatter, break into crumbs
ґрегіт/grehit, ґрегіть/grehitʹ	rocky, rocky mountain	gur - stone; rock. "i gurte" - rocky. gurtë - 1) of stone 2) hard, solid 3) [Fig] strong 4) [Fig] stonelike, stony; stone cold, lifeless.
ґреготи/grehoty	small stones	gur - stone, rock . guralecë - pebble, small smooth rock; gravel
ґордзи/gordzy	solid lumps of earth from the sun or frost	ngurtë - 1) solid 2) rigid, inflexible
gryf/grif	iron rod for prying blocks	ngre/ngref - lift, raise; elevate
ґрейфнути/grejfnuty	to steal something	ngre/ngref - lift, raise; elevate
ґруні/gruni	forestless spurs of the mountain range = ridges	ngritur - 1) raised, elevated 2) standing straight up; stiff and erect 3) [Fig] at an advanced/higher level
ґрунь/grunʹ	high, mountain high hill, the highest part of the mountain	ngritur - 1) raised, elevated 2) standing straight up; stiff and erect 3) [Fig] at an advanced/higher level
ґриндзити/gryndzyty	litter, to make a mess	gërdhomë - 1) residue left after threshing: straw and chaff 2) straw stubble 3) residue, leaving, remnant, waste grindet - 1) to quarrel, bicker 2) (of children) to bawl; carry on, caterwaul
ґутурьинки/guturʹynky	handmade wool flowers	thurur - made of interlaced components: knitted; braided; wattled

 

[PaleoRevenge]

The G section is quite packed. First thing first, there is recurring pattern of g shifting into h in Slavic languages, I picked on this pattern quite late and I likely missed some additional words in the H section. Here we can see gavora in some dialects has shifted to havora, but it's clearly the same word.

To pick on Romanian again, we can see how in Hutuls there is much more going on than gropa, there is gerepic, garčik, gara. Gara also exists in Polish and has erroneously attributed to German. Hutsul by having more varieties strongly supports a paleo-Balkan origin. The Polish version is without a doubt Gorale mediated.

To point a finger on Romanian again, gyrlyha is another example, Ukranian linguists assume it comes from Romanian cârlig, and related to Bulgarian kǎrlíg. The etymology is unknown and neither is Albanian gërlas. What sticks about the Hutul term gyrlyha, pan-Carpathian gyrlyga and Polish gierłyga, they are clearly closer to the Albanain pronounciation gërlatet than to Romanian cârlig despite Albanian being nowhere near these languages. And in Albanian the definition means to bent, while in Carpathian-Romanian-Bulgarian it means shepherd hook. Just like bryndza and many other examples, this strongly supports that Romanians are mere borrowers of these Paleo-Balkan terms, as are the Slavs and not the donors as has been historically assumed. The words were borrowed from a language that was neither Slavic or Romanian by both Slavs and Romanians.

Interesting pattern is the gl sounds in Hutsul correspond to Albanian gj, most Albanian gj words were gl in the middle ages and the shift to from gl to gj is quite recently.

Not to pick on Romanian again but the toponym grun has been disputed by Ukranians because of it's occurrence in the Carpathia is far more dense, over 200 times, while in Romania it merely appears around 30 times. The Ukranian school proceeds to force a Slavic etymology but there is none. The current consensus is that it derives from Romanian grui. The problem is Romanian grui is more than likely a Hutsul borrowing. Grui is thought to stem from Latin pig snout and from that somehow we get a geography term for high sudden rises in mountains, ridges, etc...

The evidence is found in the Polish dictionary, Hutsul grif/gryf means "iron rod for prying blocks", that is a rod used to lift heavy blocks. A clear relative to Albanain ngreh/ngref. Grun is without a doubt a variation of the same root word in ancestral Hutsul and a relative to Albanian ngritur. And now the toponym grun has a proper etymology.

As for superstars words in the new section, there is a lot, too many to mention. Myrgolja is my clear favorite, such a everyday phrase in Albanian and a compound word. It also supports to the prior examples referring to mouth, it shows the common root word is goj even though in other examples it has denatured to gja.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Btw grehit is also a toponym in Hutsul territory, a very rocky mountain called grehit:

ґрегіт - Google Search

 

[Southpaw]

There are some interesting words for sure, fletety thing is very interesting, but i would be cautious with the list, for example grlanka is pure Slavic word, grlo is Slavic word for throat.

Then there is Latin words that could have been intermediated to Hutsul via Proto-Albanoids like ZGRAGA Suffering from fire... coming from Alb. zgare which is a Latin loanword but heavily Albanized.

ґоїти/gojity

to do something bad

gojaç - person who talks a lot; person who speaks ill of others, slanderer: bigmouth

This one is interesting: with pergojon, pergojues, pergojim. Goj as a root for these words for bad meaning reflects an evolution for sure. In Albanian goja can be used like goja madhe, gojmadh for a loudmoth many times in connotation with negative meaning.

These can be traits of Proto-Albanoid population living in Central Balkans before pushing South/West.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Thanks Hawk, I'm sure I made mistakes. zgaver means hallow and it comes gaver, a pale-Balkan(Daco-Thracian) term:

gavër - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

en.wiktionary.org

There will be some words that are considered Latin like mendje(by foreign linguists, who are usually right) and others, but they appear in Hutsul with similar compound formation to Albanian. When it comes to Latin loans, foreign linguists are little trigger happy. Either way, if I think there is a reason to challenge it, I will post the examples.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

An example of merret goja or myrgolja

 

[PaleoRevenge]

дайкати/dajkaty	to ask, request, seek	dua/do/don/dojë - 1) to want, need 2) to want, wish
дуфайти/dufajty, дуфати/dufaty	1) to love, to take care of 2) care	dua/do/don- 1) to want, need 2) to want, wish 3) to like, love
удаватиси/udavatysy, удатиси/udatysy	to like, to arouse sympathy, affection for someone, To meet someone's taste, to be pleasant to someone	dua/do/don- 1) to want, need 2) to want, wish 3) to like, love 4) to mean, intend
дасбих/dasbyx	there is not, has no means, lacking means	asgjë - nothing
делі/deli	apparently, probably	del - 21) to become reality: prove to be, turn out to be; come true, come through 22) to suffice
делінь/delinʹ	soon, shortly, by	del - 3) to come out as a result; eventuate as 4) to make an appearance: appear; emerge; come up, show up, rise, arise 12) to come to an end, finish, be over; get out
дерти боришку/derty boryšku	to dig potatoes with your hands	duart - hands. Potatoes become a crop around the 1700s, interesting that such a phrase with such meaning was composed around that time frame. Hutsuls might have been Dacian speakers until the 1500s
дурґій/durgij	not very capable person	dorë - hand. dorëngathët - inept. The Hutsul word is likely akin to dorengrir(frozen/clumsy hands) or dorengjitur( attached hands = useless, stuck hands)
джіґірая/džigiraja	heartburn	djeg - burn. djegësirë - 3) heartburn; burning sensation 4) scorchingly hot weather
джьоглити/džʹohlyty	to constantly reprimand	xehet - to get riled
джьорина/džʹoryna	melted piece of lard	xhurit - to run/flow off, drain off
джьоси/džʹosy	to irritate, to upset	ngas - 3) [Fig] to provoke, incite 4) [Fig] to *****; annoy 5) [Colloq] to afflict
джюмарина/džjumaryna	lard, piece of melted lard	dhjamur - fattened, fat. dhjamë - 1) animal fat, tallow 2) fatty hernia
дзер/dzer	cheese whey	hirrë - whey. Proto-Albanian *ksira
дзигувати/dzyhuvaty	to speed up, to hurry up work	nxehur - 1) heated 2) irate; excited nxitohet - to be in a hurry; hasten, hurry
дзифати/dzyfaty	to go in a hurry, to leave in a hurry	nxefet - to get angry nxitohet - to be in a hurry; hasten, hurry
дзинґра/dzyngra	soot	nxirje/nxim - to get dark/darker; darken
инцинатий/yncynatyj	angry, furious	nxehtë - hot, hot-tempered. nxehet - 1) to get hot/hotter; heat up 2) [Fig] to lose one's composure: become angry
инциноватий/yncynovatyj	impatient, anxious, eager, restless	nxit - 1) to urge; urge [ ] on 2) to stimulate, boost; induce, prompt 3) to spur [ ] into going faster nxituar - impatient 1) in too much of a rush: hasty, hurried 2) in a hurry; quickly, fast 3) accelerated
діхтікові/dixtikovi, діхтіково/dixtikovo	1) accurate, exact 2) true, real, truly	dihet - known/to be known di - to know. dije - knowledge, learning. dijës - 1) savant 2) seer, fortune-teller. dijeni - knowledge, awareness
здохи/zdoxy	thoughts	di - to know. dije - knowledge, learning. dijës - 1) savant 2) seer, fortune-teller. dijeni - knowledge, awareness dihet - to be known
драч/drač	board saw	dërrasë - 1) board, plank
дриуця/dryutsa	firewood	dru(r)/drurë/drutë - 1) tree 2) wood, lumber, timber 3) log 4) firewood 5) [Colloq] piece of wood
ДРУГАР/DRUHAR	forest	dru(r)/drurë - 1) tree 2) wood, lumber, timber 3) log 4) firewood 5) [Colloq] piece of wood
дрантюга/drantjuha	bad person	dredhak/dredhalak - not reliable, undependable. dredhi - 1) wiliness, slyness 2) cheating, deceit, chicanery, trickery
дринтіти/dryntity	to tremble, shudder	dredh/dridh - 1) to twist, spin; curl 2) to cause [ ] to tremble; cause [a current] to oscillate 3) [Colloq Fig] to shake [ ] up, frighten, shock 4) [Fig Pej Colloq] to beat around the bush about [ ], vacillate about [ ] dridhur - 1) shivering, shuddering 2) trembling
дрицькати/drycʹkaty	to start spinning yarn	dredh - to twist, spin; curl
дримбати/drymbaty	to be left with nothing; to suffer harm	derëmbyllur - left completely alone in the world, without close family
дубіти/dubity	to stay in one place, to sit in one place	dëbim/dëbon - to force out/away: expel, evict, deport; chase away/out, rout; get rid of , dispel
дутиси/dutysy	to get angry	duf - anger, impatience, rage, grudge
душкувати/duškuvaty	to rest in the shade	dushk - oak. dushkajë - oak forest, oak glen
дюґас/djugas	mattock, pick	xugit/xugis - to bother; provoke, taunt
дюґати/djugaty	to cut with a sharp object	xëgit - 1) to goad, poke; poke at [ ] 2) [Fig] to needle taunt; aggravate

 

[PaleoRevenge]

A part of the D section was tough to crack the sound system. derty boryšku is a interesting one, boryšku means potato, for the definition to mention hands and digging is quite intentional and specific. Pulling potatoes from the ground by default involves ones hands and it would be redundant thing to say. Highly unlikely derty is related to the Slavic which means to tear to pieces; to scratch; to take something extra, to rob; to punish with a beating; to run away in a hurry.

This is a smaller section, but there are always gems.
Uda-tysy is a really good one, if there is uda, then there is dasyna(dashnia). Džigiraja as mutated/denatured that it is, it has no relative but Albanian djegesire.
Dzyngra is an nice icebreaker, it makes it obvious how dz = nx in Albanian. And it is visibly related to Albanian nxir.
dixtikovi/dixtikovo is well known.
My favorites are dryutsa, DRUHAR, drantjuha, dryntity and drymbaty.

Recall the compound mbat appeared in the goja(gja) compound words from the previous section where in some definitions it meant to tie your/ones tongue, and keep your mouth shut. There are coherent patterns, they support one another, pieces are starting to fall in.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

This is interesting in Hungarian becs, becsül and becsület mean honor, respect, value. The etymology of the root word becs is a total guess work:

Either of unknown origin or back-formation from becsül.

The Hungarian word "becsül" is related to the concept of "respect" or "honor." Its etymology traces back to the Proto-Slavic word "*vъzъcъti", which meant "to rise, to exalt, to honor." This shows a connection between the act of raising someone in esteem and the concept of respect. The Hungarian word also shares similarities with other Slavic languages, highlighting its shared origins

Proto-Slavic word in question: vbzbcbti. What is that? Comedy aside, why would Hungarian be in contact with proto-Slavic, proto-Slavic at the earliest would equate to about 200 BC though proto-Slavic likely goes further back in time. Hungarians have no contact with Slavs until at the very least 500-600 AD, the real intense contact does not begin until 800-900 AD. This is a very incoherent reconstruction.

Hungarian becstelen in turn means - dishonest, dishonorable. Telen means without, and becstelen means without becs.

Clearly besa is a pan-Carpathian concept, it can easily be explained as a Dacian substrate word.

vъzъcъti/vbzbcbti and it's possible connection to honor:

Here's a breakdown of the connections:
1. činiti (to do, make, cause):

• This verb is considered a causative-iterative form, meaning it expresses the idea of causing something to be done repeatedly.
• It's etymologically related to the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷey- meaning "to enquire, to evaluate". This suggests an initial connection to the act of judging or assessing something, which could then lead to assigning status or rank.

2. činъ (rank, status):

• The noun činъ is directly related to the verb činiti and refers to "rank, status".
• This noun implies a system of social hierarchy and recognition of worth, which are crucial elements of the concept of honor.

3. Connection to Honor:

• The act of "doing" or "making" (činiti) can be linked to actions that either uphold or diminish one's činъ (rank, status) and hence their honor.
• For example, performing acts of bravery or generosity could elevate one's činъ and bring honor, while dishonorable actions could lower

 

[PaleoRevenge]

єв/jev	1) started 2) wanted	jep - 1) to put <> into motion; drive 2) to begin suddenly and unexpectedly: burst out. jep - 1) to give 2) to give off [ ], form
єдерний/jedernyj	1) honorary, haughty, proud 2) A man of honor	nder - 1) honor; sense of honor 2) honesty, fidelity 3) good name, esteem 4) favor, good turn 5) most honored person of _, pride of _. ndershëm - honorably nderohem - to be honoured, respected
єднанка/jednanka	compensation for the wrong done	nderon - 1) to honor; respect; esteem; show [ ] appreciation and respect 2) to do/bring honor to
єднати/jednaty	apologize, pardon	nderon - 1) to honor; respect; esteem; show [ ] appreciation and respect 2) to do/bring honor to
єльний/jelʹnyj	friendly, amicable	sjellshëm - well-behaved, well-mannered. sjellje - conduct, deportment, demeanor; proper behavior, decorum. sjellje - behaviour, demeanor
єли/jely, єлити/jelyty	1) start, begin, I/they started 2) to begin, start	sjell - 1) to bring, bear; bring/take [ ] along; convey, conduct 2) to bring forward/out/up/about
єливка/jelyvka, єливник/jelyvnyk	1) a cow that has not yet calved 2) young cattle	sjell - 1) to bring, bear; bring/take [ ] along; convey, conduct 2) to bring forward/out/up/about pjell - to bring forth young, give birth to [ ] (for non-human births); lay [an egg]
юрґати/jurgaty	to shake violently, to swing strongly	jorgtar - balky (horse)

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Albanian nder is regarded as a Latin loan(honōrum) by foreign linguists. Given that there is no Romanian equivalent(Romanians use a late French borrowing), it raises the question how the Hutsuls got their version if one expects Latin origin. The assumption that Albanian borrowed nder from Latin can be questioned from this point of view.

J section is quite small, but very a polite one. Very jelʹnyj.

 

[Tomenable]

It is Vlach rather than Albania, AFAIK.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Hi Tomenable, the majority of these words are not Vlach(do not appear in Romanian). Another interesting fact, Romanian shares more paleo-Balkan words with Albanian than the Vlach language. Vlach are the Romanian dialects south of the Danube. This is a bizarre situation. Linguists in the past speculated that Romanian(Vlach that moved north of the Danube) came into contact with a Albanoid language and borrowed these terms from this mystery language and not directly through Albanian.

You are more focused on genetics. So keep this abstract in mind:

ROUA Database: 300 Human Genomes from the border of Ukraine and Romania

We present a multi-layered data source (ROUA Database) providing the results of Whole Genome Sequencing of two human populations in the Carpathian Mountains region, specifically Ukraine’s Transcarpathia and Romania’s Satu Mare and Baia Mare provinces, areas previously underexplored in population...

www.biorxiv.org

When the data becomes public examine the samples from the district of Rhakiv(should be 10 samples) and likely another 10 samples from Romania from the following districts:

Poienile de sub Munte - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Repedea - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Ruscova - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Bistra, Maramureș - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Samples from those districts should be Hutsuls. If I am right, haplogroup E-V13 would dominate in those districts and the samples will be surprisingly very southern shifted, some even plotting like Albanians. It's a bold prediction.

 

[PaleoRevenge]

жбирь/žbyrʹ, збіч/zbich, збочи/zbochy	steep slope, mountain slope	zbris - to descend; go down; reach down zbritje - downward slope, decline; descent; reduction
жургоніти/žurhonity	to flow at high speed	zurkajë - waterfall, cataract
заветив/zavetyv, заветити/zavetyty	surpassed, outdo	ved/vete - 1) to go; proceed 2) to reach a level/point: arrive (at a destination); get (to an outcome); last (for a period of time). Slavic za - over, beyond, after, past, etc….
завидна/zavydna, завидний/zavydnyj	1) hour of prolonged rain, prolonged rain 2) long-term, long lasting	ved/vete - 1) to go; proceed 2) to reach a level/point: arrive (at a destination); get (to an outcome); last (for a period of time). Slavic za - over, beyond, after, past, etc….
загошити/zahošyty	to calm down	hesht - 1) to stop making any sound; stop talking 2) to keep silent, be quiet
загутавси/zahutavsy, загутатиси/zahutatysy	1) he deviated, to be caught in a thought 2) to forget	huton - 1) to be bewildered, confused 2) to be amazed/dazzled
задубів/zadubiv	he went crazy, he lost touch with reality	dobët - 1) weak; feeble 2) skinny, thin 3) fragile, frail 4) of poor degree or quality 5) ineffective; ineffectual 6) of low moral character, base | 1) weakly 2) loosely 3) poorly, not well, barely
закартаний/zakartanyj	unkempt, neglected	katandiset - 1) to reach a miserable state 2) to be reduced to poverty; be brought low
закєндіти/zakjendity	fall ill	këndirr - 1) to make [ ] gasp for breath, take [ ]'s breath away 2) [Fig] to bear [misfortune] with great patience and endurance
замрекотий/zamrekotyj	avid, covetous	zemër - heart zemër koti - pointless heart = pointless passion
зомражений/zomraženyj	spoiled, filthy, dirty, unclean	zemërzi - "black-hearted" malicious/vile/evil (person)
зарумати/zarumati	to sob, to cry	zemëratë/zemëruar - angered, angry, irate; indignant zemërthyer - brokenhearted, in despair; disappointed
ЗАМАРУДЖЕНИЙ/ZAMARUDŽENYJ	Excited	zemërndezur - inspired by noble feelings/intentions, with uplifted heart zemër-nxeh - to get excited
ЗАМОРЬХУВАТИ/ZAMORʹXUVATY	To enchant, charm	zemër - 1) heart 3) [Colloq] sweetheart, honey
залямистий/zaljamystyj	obsequious, servile, flattering	lamash - 1) poor, beggarly 2) [Insult] hooligan 3) [Pej] social parasite. lamashëri - behavior of a social parasite
закрута/zakruta	a hassle that forces you to go somewhere	kruajtje/kruan - 1) to scratch [an itch] 2) to scrape
сукритий/sukrytyj, сукритити/sukrytyty , сукритиця/sukrytycja	1) iritate 2) debate 3) annoying woman	kruaj - to rub, to scratch, scrape, wipeoff. kruhet - 1) to scratch an itch, scratch oneself 2) to itch kruhet hundët - is itching for a fight
зарва/zarva, зарви/zarvy	landslides	zvarrë - dragged on the ground
швиркнути/švyrknuty	to escape unnoticed	zvarritet - to creep, crawl
засахсонити/zasaxsonyty	to ruin, to perish	shuaj/shuhet - to come to a gradual end: (of a sound) fade out, die down; (of a fire/light) go out; (of an electrical apparatus) go off; (of a person) become exhausted, die; (of a family/people) die out; (of a motor) stop, die; (of writing) become faint and illegible; (of a habitation) go into ruin, be abandoned; (of a duty/privilege/punishment) expire, terminate
заскалушити/zaskalušyty	twists, to twist	shkalavesh - to contort, disfigure
зашколобка/zaškolobka	splinter	ashkël - 1) splinter, sliver; chip; shaving 2) shard, shell fragment
ошкальок/oškalʹok	A piece of birch wood used by the Hutsuls to cut out sticks to light in the dark	shkalafit - to rip/tear [ ] to pieces: shred. shkalafitet - to rip, get torn/shredded ashkël - 1) splinter, sliver; chip; shaving 2) shard, shell fragment
пошкалювати/poškaljuvaty	to hurt oneself with splinters	shkalafit - to rip/tear [ ] to pieces: shred. shkalafitet - to rip, get torn/shredded ashkël - 1) splinter, sliver; chip; shaving 2) shard, shell fragment
зателишковатий/zatelyškovatyj	slow person	telikoset - to be incapacitated by weakness/exhaustion: be completely run down, be out on one's feet
зацупатиси/zacupatysy	to become dull, to be stupid, to fool oneself	quplohet - (of a cutting tool) to become dull
зачєтатиси/začjetatysy	to renounce someone or something	qet/qit - 1) to move [ ] out by forcible action: take [ ] out; expel; dislocate 2) to take off [outer covering]; expose [ ] to public view, bring [ ] out to the public, present [ ] publicly 6) to toss [ ] away qit birërie - to disown [one's son/daughter], banish [one's son/daughter] from the family
зашепетина/zašepetyna	cleft, crack, splinter	sëpatë - axe; hatchet; broadaxe, battle-axe
збавити/zbavyty, збавитиси/zbavytysy	1) to spoil, ruin 2) to spoil, to deteriorate 3) to commit suicide	zbeh - 1) to make pale(er), white(er) 2) to fade 3) to weaken zhbën - 1) to undo 2) [Fig] to discard; eliminate 3) [Reg] to shell [corn] zhbërë - undone: come apart, unraveled, untied zhbin - 1) to yank out [ ] by the roots 2) to eradicate
збігленє/zbihlenje	premature baby, miscarriage	lindje - 2) birth 3) [Colloq] offspring, child; descendants as a collective whole. zbim - expulsion, eviction, deportation
злоги/zlohy	confinement after birth, childbirth	lehonë - woman in confinement following childbirth
злігати/zlihaty	to give birth, to bear	lind - to give birth to lej - 1) to give birth, bear (children) 2) to be born
збоїнити/zbojinyty, збоїти/zbojity	to boil	zbon - to force [ ] out/away: expel, evict, deport; chase [ ] away/out, rout; get rid of [ ], dispel
звор/zvor	narrow place between mountains	zverk - back of the neck: nape
зґарда/zgarda	collar, a piece of jewelry made of metal crosses, coins, and beads worn by women around the neck	zgardhngjeshet - to have the sash/belt (around one's waist) come loose; become disheveled in dress gardh - 1) wicker fence; fence 2) wattled partition 3) barricade 4) [Fig] barrier, shield
зґрібне/zgribne, зґрібнєнка/zgribnjenka, зрібне/zribne, зрібний/zribnyj	1) homespun cloth 2) homespun cloth shirt 3) homespun cloth 4) sewn from homemade fabric	zgripët - on a tight budget; frugal, thrifty. zgriptas - very sparingly; superficially
зирцу/zyrcu	I will say	zë/zër/zëri - voice zëshëm - 1) loud, noisy 2) vocal 3) (Ling) voiced
изирчі/yzyrči	say, tell, to say	zëri - voice
ИЗИРЧЄТИ/YZYRČJETY	To answer, to say	zëri - voice
зняти/znjaty	to lift up by the ears, to lift	zgjat - 1) to lengthen; prolong 2) to extend; hold [ ] out to. zgjat veshët - lift one ears up, to easedrop on a conversation. alternatively: nalt - 1) up, higher; above 2) at a high level, up high nalteson - to elevate; raise, lift
зохмавси/zoxmavsy	to encourage oneself, encouraged	zulmëmadh - highly praiseworthy: glorious. zulmar - (person) who seeks glory, ambitious (person). zulmë - glory; praise, honor
зпригиршкувати/zpryhyrškuvaty	to force something, to coerce or pressure	pahirson - to force pahirët - 1) unwilling; reluctant; ungracious 2) ruthless 3) indecorous, unseemly. Or alternatively a compound of për hyn though in Albanian this is an invalid formation, see ndërhyn - 1) to intrude, interfere 2) to intervene 3) to intercede
пригиршкувати/pryhyrškuvaty	to force, to insist	pahirson - to force pahirët - 1) unwilling; reluctant; ungracious 2) ruthless 3) indecorous, unseemly. Or maybe a compound of për hyn though in Albaian this is not a correct construction, see ndërhyn - 1) to intrude, interfere 2) to intervene 3) to intercede
ЗІЖЖЕНИЙ/ZIŽŽENYJ	Burnt, close to black in color, dark	zi/zez/zezë - 1) black 2) dark
зрішений/zrišenyj	folded, wrinkled, pleated	rreshk - 2) to parch, wither; wizen, weather (with heat) rreshkët - 2 )shriveled, wrinkled 3) sere rreshkataq - wizened, wrinkled with age
зузи/zuzy	1) fiery dances 2) xylophone 3) music	zhuzhet - 1) to make a buzzing sound, buzz 2) (of fire) to crackle. zhuzhurimë - 1) sound of a burning fire, crackling 2) buzz, whir, hum

 

[PaleoRevenge]

Note that Slavic za is a intro verb that can mean many things, the same with z when followed by a constant.

https://imgur.com/Iohe1bg

https://imgur.com/6GLloPM

This section is packed. A lot of these are quite damning and in your face: zahošyty, zahutatysy, zakartanyj, zamrekotyj, zomraženyj, ZAMARUDŽENYJ, ZAMORʹXUVATY, zaljamystyj, zakruta, sukrytyj, zbihlenje, zlohy, zlihaty, yzyrči, ZIŽŽENYJ, zuzy.

A clear cut equivalent to Albanian word for heart, child birth and confinement, the color black, a cousin term to Albanian zeri - a very packed section.

It even has some answers. Albanian sëpatë has no known etymology, through our Hutsul cousins we have a viable etymology: cleft, crack, splinter, which is what an axe does.

Telikoset has an unknown etymology and the same for lamash(which is very common word). Albanian ashkël is considered a Latin loan and the Hutsuls likely got it from the Romanians.

 

[Dausi]

Note that Slavic za is a intro verb that can mean many things, the same with z when followed by a constant.

https://imgur.com/Iohe1bg

https://imgur.com/6GLloPM

This section is packed. A lot of these are quite damning and in your face: zahošyty, zahutatysy, zakartanyj, zamrekotyj, zomraženyj, ZAMARUDŽENYJ, ZAMORʹXUVATY, zaljamystyj, zakruta, sukrytyj, zbihlenje, zlohy, zlihaty, yzyrči, ZIŽŽENYJ, zuzy.

A clear cut equivalent to Albanian word for heart, child birth and confinement, the color black, a cousin term to Albanian zeri - a very packed section.

It even has some answers. Albanian sëpatë has no known etymology, through our Hutsul cousins we have a viable etymology: cleft, crack, splinter, which is what an axe does.

Telikoset has an unknown etymology and the same for lamash(which is very common word). Albanian ashkël is considered a Latin loan and the Hutsuls likely got it from the Romanians.

I love your content. I check Eupedia regularly only because of you, Riverman, Hawk and Johane Derite. I want to support your work in any way i can. Keep it up

-Albanian guy from Denmark

 

[PaleoRevenge]

ИЗТУРЄТИСИ/YZTURJETYSY	To pay attention, to pay attention to something	tërhiqet - 4) to be strongly attracted, be much taken: be a devotee
ий!/yj!	no, not	jo - no, not
ийкуда/yjkuda	not so, not like that	jo kështu/jo ashtu - not so, not like that
иків/ykiv	where, from where	ku - where, wherein.
инґераш/yngeraš	resell, overselling	ndërresë - 2) change, changing, replacement, turn ndërron - 1) to replace 2) to exchange; change [money], get change for [ ] 3) to change, alter 4) (Agr) to transplant 5 to change [residence]: move
инклюз/ynkljuz	naughty/rude child	këlysh - 1) young offspring of a quadruped mammal, baby animal: pup, cub, kitten, colt 2) [Fig Pej] child of despicable parents. *It is used as an insult on a misbaving child.
исклезь/ysklezʹ	reluctantly	shqezë - harrow. Note it follows the Alb evolution of kl becoming q
испирішшіти/yspyriššity, испиріщив/yspyriščyv	1) to beat someone 2) hit	prish - 1) to break, ruin, spoil, destroy 2) to break [a mechanism/agreement] 3) to break [ ] apart/down; unravel, untangle, loosen up [ ] 4) to break [a larger piece of money into smaller amounts], change; spend [an amount of money] 5) to delete, strike [ ] out 6) [Fig] to mess/foul
истик/ystyk	very active person	shkathët - clever; adept, skillful shkathet - to become more energetic/alert; brighten up
истургтиси/ysturhtysy	to be too surprised	sterrohet - 1) to become very dark, turn dark; get black; undergo a blackout 2) [Fig] to be covered with shame; feel humiliated