ToBeOrNotToBe
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In, as far as I know, all of the most ancient sites associated with copper metallurgy, swastikas have been found. I will be focusing on Mesopotamia here, but it is worth noting the presence of Swastikas, metallurgy and primitive writing script in the Chalcolithic Balkans.
The spread of the Swastika in Mesopotamia can be mapped from the Halaf culture in Upper Mesopotamia, through Mesopotamia during the Hassuna and Samarra cultures, and down to the Ubaid culture by the Persian Gulf. Later, the Ubaid culture is replaced by that of the Uruk period.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Mesopotamia_Período_6.PNG
As an example, here is some pottery from the Samarra period, clearly with the Swastika motif:
https://i.imgur.com/4vqvJk7_d.jpg?maxwidth=640&shape=thumb&fidelity=medium
We can also work backwards to complete this migration story. Maykop was formed by settlers from Leyla Tepe, which itself was likely formed from late Ubaid settlers (pre-Uruk). Presuming Maykop was the source of CHG and R1b to Yamnaya, we can trace the movement of R1b from Halaf all the way to Yamnaya.
This makes sense archaeologically, but does it make sense in other ways?
It, as mentioned, explains the spread of the Swastika across Mesopotamia (the Swastika would have been picked up by J2 tribes, and spread through things like the Kura-Araxes expansion to e.g. the IVC)
It explains the presence of shared words with Semitic languages, such as the word for bull.
It agrees with the recent Yamnaya-like R1b found near Azerbaijan (where the Gutians were likely from).
It explains the CHG found in Yamnaya (R1b would have inevitably mixed with J2 women on the way to the Steppe).
mtDNA found in these regions are very R1-like, for example U4 and H3a.
Amongst other things.
In this migrational chain of Halaf to Maykop (then to Yamnaya), assuming the presence of Swastikas in Halaf to be indicative of R1b (and Maciamo has other reasons to suspect R1b was present in that rough area, check his entry for R1b on the main page), and assuming Maykop is R1b (highly likely, especially given the recent result from Iranian Azerbaijan), we now have two knotted ends of the rope. I cannot see how this idea can be wrong.
And for the final reminder to those who doubt the presence of R1b in this period, not least as culture-bearers, may I refer you to the plethora of naturally red-haired mummies of Ancient Egypt.
Perhaps, despite not inventing farming, these gingers imposed themselves in a hierarchical system similar to the Indo-Europeans themselves.
And I fully realize this will sound ridiculous to some, but then again, it also seems ridiculous that an Egyptian, probably the greatest ever, could look like this:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipe...ses_II_mummy_in_profile_(colored_picture).jpg
And my final disclaimer against the mods - this isn’t Nordicism. There would be little to no Northern European genetic component involved.
The spread of the Swastika in Mesopotamia can be mapped from the Halaf culture in Upper Mesopotamia, through Mesopotamia during the Hassuna and Samarra cultures, and down to the Ubaid culture by the Persian Gulf. Later, the Ubaid culture is replaced by that of the Uruk period.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Mesopotamia_Período_6.PNG
As an example, here is some pottery from the Samarra period, clearly with the Swastika motif:
https://i.imgur.com/4vqvJk7_d.jpg?maxwidth=640&shape=thumb&fidelity=medium
We can also work backwards to complete this migration story. Maykop was formed by settlers from Leyla Tepe, which itself was likely formed from late Ubaid settlers (pre-Uruk). Presuming Maykop was the source of CHG and R1b to Yamnaya, we can trace the movement of R1b from Halaf all the way to Yamnaya.
This makes sense archaeologically, but does it make sense in other ways?
It, as mentioned, explains the spread of the Swastika across Mesopotamia (the Swastika would have been picked up by J2 tribes, and spread through things like the Kura-Araxes expansion to e.g. the IVC)
It explains the presence of shared words with Semitic languages, such as the word for bull.
It agrees with the recent Yamnaya-like R1b found near Azerbaijan (where the Gutians were likely from).
It explains the CHG found in Yamnaya (R1b would have inevitably mixed with J2 women on the way to the Steppe).
mtDNA found in these regions are very R1-like, for example U4 and H3a.
Amongst other things.
In this migrational chain of Halaf to Maykop (then to Yamnaya), assuming the presence of Swastikas in Halaf to be indicative of R1b (and Maciamo has other reasons to suspect R1b was present in that rough area, check his entry for R1b on the main page), and assuming Maykop is R1b (highly likely, especially given the recent result from Iranian Azerbaijan), we now have two knotted ends of the rope. I cannot see how this idea can be wrong.
And for the final reminder to those who doubt the presence of R1b in this period, not least as culture-bearers, may I refer you to the plethora of naturally red-haired mummies of Ancient Egypt.
Perhaps, despite not inventing farming, these gingers imposed themselves in a hierarchical system similar to the Indo-Europeans themselves.
And I fully realize this will sound ridiculous to some, but then again, it also seems ridiculous that an Egyptian, probably the greatest ever, could look like this:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipe...ses_II_mummy_in_profile_(colored_picture).jpg
And my final disclaimer against the mods - this isn’t Nordicism. There would be little to no Northern European genetic component involved.
